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On building next generation data centers: energy flow in the information technology stack

Published: 18 January 2008 Publication History

Abstract

The demand for data center solutions with lower total cost of ownership and lower complexity of management is driving the creation of next generation datacenters The information technology industry is in the midst of a transformation to lower the cost of operation through consolidation and better utilization of critical data center resources. Successful consolidation necessitates increasing utilization of capital intensive "always-on" data center infrastructure, and reducing the recurring cost of power. A need exists, therefore for an end to end methodology that can be used to design and manage dense data centers and determine the cost of operating a data center.
The chip core to the cooling tower model must capture the power levels and thermo-fluids behavior of chips, systems, aggregation of systems in racks, rows of racks, room flow distribution, air conditioning equipment, hydronics, vapor compression systems, pumps and heat exchangers. Earlier work has outlined the foundation for creation of a "smart" data center through use of flexible cooling resources and a distributed sensing and control system that can provision the cooling resources based on the need. This paper shows a common platform which serves as an evaluation and basis for policy based control engine for such a "smart" data center with much broader reach -- from chip core to the cooling tower. In this paper, we propose a data center solution, which has three components: Cooling, Power and Compute. These three components collectively improve efficiency and manageability of the data center by supporting greater compaction, flexible building blocks that can be dynamically configured, dynamic optimization, better monitoring and visualization, and policy-based control. Coefficient of performance (COP) of the ensemble is defined that represents an overall measure of the efficiency of performance of energy flow during the operation of a data center.

References

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Patel, C. D, Shah, A., " Cost Model for Planning, Development and Operation of a Data Center", Hewlett-Packard Laboratories Technical Report, HPL-2005-107(R.1), June 9, 2005
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Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc, Atlanta, 2003
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C. D. Patel, "A vision of energy aware computing -- from chips to data centers", The International Symposium on Micro-Mechanical Engineering, ISMME2003-K15, December, 2003
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Bash, C. E., Patel, C. D., Sharma, R. K., "Efficient Thermal Management of Data Centers -- Immediate and Long-Term Research Needs", Intl. J. HVAC&R Res., Vol.9, No.2, pp., Apr 2003
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Patel, C. D., Bash, C. E., Sharma, R. K, Beitelmal, A and Friedrich, R. J., "Smart Cooling of Datacenters", Proceedings of IPACK'03 -- The PacificRim/ASME International Electronics Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition, Kauai, HI, IPACK-35059, July 2003
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Sharma, R. K. et al., Jan/Feb 2005, "Balance of Power: Dynamic Thermal Management for Internet Data Centers", IEEE Internet Computing, Vol.9, No.1, pp 42--49
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Sharma R, Bash, C. E, Patel, C. D, June 2002, "Dimensionless Parameters for Evaluation of Thermal Design and Performance of Large Scale Data Centers", AIAA-2002-3091, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Conference, St. Louis
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Bash, C. E., Patel, Sharma, "Dynamic Thermal Management of Air-Cooled Datacenters, ASME/IEEE ITherm 2006, San Diego, CA
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Bash, C. E., Forman, G., "Cool Job Allocation: Measuring the Power Savings of Placing Jobs at Cooling-Efficient Locations in the Data Center", USENIX, June 2007, San Jose, CA
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Moore, J., Chase, J., Ranganathan, P., Sharma, R., "Making Scheduling "Cool": Temperature-Aware Workload Placement in Data Centers", Usenix 2004
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Patel, C. D, Sharma, R, Bash, C. E., Beitelmal, M, "Energy Flow in the Information Technology Stack: Coefficient of Performance of the Ensemble and its Impact on the Total Cost of Ownership", HP Labs External Technical Report, HPL-2006-55, March 21, 2006

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cover image ACM Other conferences
COMPUTE '08: Proceedings of the 1st Bangalore Annual Compute Conference
January 2008
195 pages
ISBN:9781595939500
DOI:10.1145/1341771
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Publication History

Published: 18 January 2008

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Author Tags

  1. data center management
  2. energy efficiency
  3. smart cooling
  4. smart data center
  5. sustainability

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COMPUTE08
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COMPUTE08: ACM Bangalore Chapter COMPUTE 2008
January 18 - 20, 2008
Bangalore, India

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Overall Acceptance Rate 114 of 622 submissions, 18%

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Cited By

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  • (2020)Scalable energy-efficient parallel sorting on a fine-grained many-core processor arrayJournal of Parallel and Distributed Computing10.1016/j.jpdc.2019.12.011138:C(32-47)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2020
  • (2014)An Integrated Modeling Approach to Evaluate and Optimize Data Center Sustainability, Dependability and CostEnergies10.3390/en70102387:1(238-277)Online publication date: 8-Jan-2014
  • (2013)Green web servicesProceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Green and Sustainable Software10.5555/2662693.2662696(8-15)Online publication date: 20-May-2013
  • (2013)Green web services: Improving energy efficiency in data centers via workload predictions2013 2nd International Workshop on Green and Sustainable Software (GREENS)10.1109/GREENS.2013.6606416(8-15)Online publication date: May-2013
  • (2012)Visual exploration of frequent patterns in multivariate time seriesInformation Visualization10.1177/147387161143076911:1(71-83)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2012
  • (2012)Fundamentals of Data Center Airflow ManagementEnergy Efficient Thermal Management of Data Centers10.1007/978-1-4419-7124-1_2(39-136)Online publication date: 15-Feb-2012
  • (2011)Low-energy automated scheduling of computing resourcesProceedings of the 1st ACM/IEEE workshop on Autonomic computing in economics10.1145/1998561.1998566(11-18)Online publication date: 14-Jun-2011
  • (2011)Temporal data mining approaches for sustainable chiller management in data centersACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology10.1145/1989734.19897382:4(1-29)Online publication date: 15-Jul-2011
  • (2011)A visual analytics approach for peak-preserving prediction of large seasonal time seriesProceedings of the 13th Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization10.1111/j.1467-8659.2011.01918.x(691-700)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2011
  • (2011)Sustainability and dependability evaluation on data center architectures2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics10.1109/ICSMC.2011.6083698(398-403)Online publication date: Oct-2011
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