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  • Original Article
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Epidemiology

Increased sedentary behaviour is associated with unhealthy dietary patterns in European adolescents participating in the HELENA study

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 68, pages 300–308 (2014)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Background/Objectives:

To assess dietary patterns (DPs) in European adolescents and to examine their relationship with several indicators of sedentary behaviour.

Subjects/Methods:

A multinational cross-sectional study was carried out in 2202 adolescents (45.4% boys) aged 12.5–17.5 years. A self-reported questionnaire with information on sedentary behaviours, separately for weekdays and weekend days, and two non-consecutive 24 h-recalls were used. Principal component analysis was used to obtain DPs, and linear regression examined the association between DPs scores and sedentary behaviour.

Results:

Four DPs for boys (‘plant based’, ‘snacking’, ‘breakfast’ and ‘health conscious’) and five DPs for girls (‘confectionary and snacking’, ‘plant based’, ‘breakfast’, ‘animal protein’ and ‘health conscious’) were obtained. Boys who spent >4 h/day watching television (TV) had lower adherence to the ‘plant based’, ‘breakfast’ and ‘health conscious’ DPs, and higher adherence to the ‘snacking’ DP. Higher computer use and internet use for recreational reason were associated with higher adherence to the ‘snacking’ DP. In girls, TV viewing and using internet for recreational reasons for >4 h/day was associated with higher adherence to the ‘confectionary and snacking’ and lower adherence with ‘health conscious’ DP. Also, studying between 2 and 4 h during weekend days was associated with lower adherence to the ‘snacking’ and with higher adherence to the ‘plant based’ and ‘breakfast’ DPs.

Conclusion:

Adolescents’ DPs are related with the time spent in several sedentary behaviours. Such findings may help to generate interventions focusing on decreasing unhealthy dietary habits and specific sedentary behaviours.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all members of the study teams and especially the adolescents and their parents for their participation in the study. This work was carried out as part of the HELENA study (www.helenastudy.com/). We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the European Community sixth RTD Framework Programme (Contract FOOD-CT-2005-007034). In addition the first author, AM Santaliestra-Pasías, received financial support by Fundación Cuenca Villoro (Spain) and M Cuenca-García received financial support by Spanish Ministry of Education (AP-2008-03806). The content of this article reflects only the authors’ views, and the European Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

Author information

Author notes

  1. A M Santaliestra-Pasías, T Mouratidou, I Huybrechts, L Beghin, M Cuenca-García, M J Castillo, M Galfo, L Hallstrom, A Kafatos, Y Manios, A Marcos, D Molnar, M Plada, R Pedrero-Chamizo, K Widhalm, I De Bourdeaudhuij and L A Moreno: See Appendix.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

    A M Santaliestra-Pasías, T Mouratidou & L A Moreno

  2. Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    I Huybrechts

  3. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Dietary Exposure Assessment group (DEX), Lyon, France

    I Huybrechts

  4. Inserm U955, IFR 114/IMPRT, Faculty of Medicine, University Lille 2, Lille, France

    L Beghin

  5. CIC 9301-CH&U-Inserm of Lille, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France

    L Beghin

  6. Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

    M Cuenca-García & M J Castillo

  7. National Research Institute for Food and Nutrition (INRAN), Rome, Italy

    M Galfo

  8. Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden

    L Hallstrom

  9. Public Health Department, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Märlardalens University, Västeras, Sweden

    L Hallstrom

  10. Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece

    A Kafatos & M Plada

  11. Argonafton 47, Ilioupolis, Athens, Greece

    A Kafatos

  12. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harakopio University, Athens, Greece

    Y Manios

  13. Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Inmunonutrition Research Group, Instituto del Frío, Institute of Food Science and Technology an Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain

    A Marcos

  14. Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary

    D Molnar

  15. Department of Health and Human Performance, ImFINE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    R Pedrero-Chamizo

  16. Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, Austria

    K Widhalm

  17. Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    I De Bourdeaudhuij

Authors
  1. A M Santaliestra-Pasías
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  2. T Mouratidou
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  3. I Huybrechts
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  4. L Beghin
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  5. M Cuenca-García
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  6. M J Castillo
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  7. M Galfo
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  8. L Hallstrom
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  9. A Kafatos
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  10. Y Manios
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  11. A Marcos
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  12. D Molnar
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  14. R Pedrero-Chamizo
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  16. I De Bourdeaudhuij
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  17. L A Moreno
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Consortia

on behalf of the HELENA study group

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A M Santaliestra-Pasías.

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Competing interests

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Appendix

Appendix

Appendix HELENA Study Group

Co-ordinator: Luis A Moreno.

Core Group members: Luis A Moreno, Fréderic Gottrand, Stefaan De Henauw, Marcela González-Gross, Chantal Gilbert.

Steering Committee: Anthony Kafatos (President), Luis A Moreno, Christian Libersa, Stefaan De Henauw, Sara Castelló, Fréderic Gottrand, Mathilde Kersting, Michael Sjöstrom, Dénes Molnár, Marcela González-Gross, Jean Dallongeville, Chantal Gilbert, Gunnar Hall, Lea Maes, Luca Scalfi.

Project Manager: Pilar Meléndez.

Universidad de Zaragoza (Spain). Luis A Moreno, Jesús Fleta, José A Casajús, Gerardo Rodríguez, Concepción Tomás, María I Mesana, Germán Vicente-Rodríguez, Adoración Villarroya, Carlos M Gil, Ignacio Ara, Juan Revenga, Carmen Lachen, Juan Fernández Alvira, Gloria Bueno, Aurora Lázaro, Olga Bueno, Juan F León, Jesús Ma Garagorri, Manuel Bueno, Juan Pablo Rey López, Iris Iglesia, Paula Velasco, Silvia Bel, Luis A Gracia Marco, Theodora Mouratidou.

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (Spain). Ascensión Marcos, Julia Wärnberg, Esther Nova, Sonia Gómez, Ligia Esperanza Díaz, Javier Romeo, Ana Veses, Belén Zapatera, Tamara Pozo, David Martínez.

Université de Lille 2 (France). Laurent Beghin, Christian Libersa, Frédéric Gottrand, Catalina Iliescu, Juliana Von Berlepsch.

Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (Germany). Mathilde Kersting, Wolfgang Sichert-Hellert, Ellen Koeppen.

Pécsi Tudományegyetem (University of Pécs) (Hungary). Dénes Molnar, Eva Erhardt, Katalin Csernus, Katalin Török, Szilvia Bokor, Mrs Angster, Enikö Nagy, Orsolya Kovács, Judit Répasi.

University of Crete School of Medicine (Greece). Anthony Kafatos, Caroline Codrington, María Plada, Angeliki Papadaki, Katerina Sarri, Anna Viskadourou, Christos Hatzis, Michael Kiriakakis, George Tsibinos, Constantine Vardavas, Manolis Sbokos, Eva Protoyeraki, Maria Fasoulaki.

Institut für Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften—Ernährungphysiologie. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität (Germany). Peter Stehle, Klaus Pietrzik, Marcela González-Gross, Christina Breidenassel, Andre Spinneker, Jasmin Al-Tahan, Miriam Segoviano, Anke Berchtold, Christine Bierschbach, Erika Blatzheim, Adelheid Schuch, Petra Pickert.

University of Granada (Spain). Manuel J Castillo, Ángel Gutiérrez, Francisco B Ortega, Jonatan R Ruiz, Enrique G Artero, Vanesa España, David Jiménez-Pavón, Palma Chillón, Cristóbal Sánchez-Muñoz, Magdalena Cuenca.

Istituto Nazionalen di Ricerca per gli Alimenti e la Nutrizione (Italy). Davide Arcella, Elena Azzini, Emma Barrison, Noemi Bevilacqua, Pasquale Buonocore, Giovina Catasta, Laura Censi, Donatella Ciarapica, Paola D'Acapito, Marika Ferrari, Myriam Galfo, Cinzia Le Donne, Catherine Leclercq, Giuseppe Maiani, Beatrice Mauro, Lorenza Mistura, Antonella Pasquali, Raffaela Piccinelli, Angela Polito, Raffaella Spada, Stefania Sette, Maria Zaccaria.

University of Napoli ‘Federico II’ Dept of Food Science (Italy). Luca Scalfi, Paola Vitaglione, Concetta Montagnese.

Ghent University (Belgium). Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Stefaan De Henauw, Tineke De Vriendt, Lea Maes, Christophe Matthys, Carine Vereecken, Mieke de Maeyer, Charlene Ottevaere, Inge Huybrechts.

Medical University of Vienna (Austria). Kurt Widhalm, Katharina Phillipp, Sabine Dietrich, Birgit Kubelka, Marion Boriss-Riedl.

Harokopio University (Greece). Yannis Manios, Eva Grammatikaki, Zoi Bouloubasi, Tina Louisa Cook, Sofia Eleutheriou, Orsalia Consta, George Moschonis, Ioanna Katsaroli, George Kraniou, Stalo Papoutsou, Despoina Keke, Ioanna Petraki, Elena Bellou, Sofia Tanagra, Kostalenia Kallianoti, Dionysia Argyropoulou, Katerina Kondaki, Stamatoula Tsikrika, Christos Karaiskos.

Institut Pasteur de Lille (France). Jean Dallongeville, Aline Meirhaeghe.

Karolinska Institutet (Sweden). Michael Sjöstrom, Jonatan R Ruiz, Francisco B Ortega, María Hagströmer, Anita Hurtig Wennlöf, Lena Hallström, Emma Patterson, Lydia Kwak, Julia Wärnberg, Nico Rizzo.

Asociación de Investigación de la Industria Agroalimentaria (Spain). Jackie Sánchez-Molero, Sara Castelló, Elena Picó, Maite Navarro, Blanca Viadel, José Enrique Carreres, Gema Merino, Rosa Sanjuán, María Lorente, María José Sánchez.

Campden BRI (United Kingdom). Chantal Gilbert, Sarah Thomas, Elaine Allchurch, Peter Burgess.

SIK - Institutet foer Livsmedel och Bioteknik (Sweden). Gunnar Hall, Annika Astrom, Anna Sverkén, Agneta Broberg.

Meurice Recherche & Development asbl (Belgium). Annick Masson, Claire Lehoux, Pascal Brabant, Philippe Pate, Laurence Fontaine.

Campden & Chorleywood Food Development Institute (Hungary). Andras Sebok, Tunde Kuti, Adrienn Hegyi.

Productos Aditivos SA (Spain). Cristina Maldonado, Ana Llorente.

Cárnicas Serrano SL (Spain). Emilio García.

Cederroth International AB (Sweden). Holger von Fircks, Marianne Lilja Hallberg, Maria Messerer.

Lantmännen Food R&D (Sweden). Mats Larsson, Helena Fredriksson, Viola Adamsson, Ingmar Börjesson.

European Food Information Council (Belgium). Laura Fernández, Laura Smillie, Josephine Wills.

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Spain). Marcela González-Gross, Jara Valtueña, David Jiménez-Pavón, Ulrike Albers, Raquel Pedrero, Agustín Meléndez, Pedro J Benito, Juan José Gómez Lorente, David Cañada, Alejandro Urzanqui, Rosa María Torres, Paloma Navarro.

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Santaliestra-Pasías, A., Mouratidou, T., Huybrechts, I. et al. Increased sedentary behaviour is associated with unhealthy dietary patterns in European adolescents participating in the HELENA study. Eur J Clin Nutr 68, 300–308 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2013.170

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