Abstract
Communication between cells assumes particular importance in multicellular organisms. The growth, migration and differentiation of cells in the embryo, and their organization into specific tissues, depend on signals transmitted from one cell to another. In the adult, cell signalling orchestrates normal cellular behaviour and responses to wounding and infection. The consequences of breakdowns in this signalling underlie cancer, diabetes and disorders of the immune and cardiovascular systems. Conserved protein domains that act as key regulatory participants in many of these different signalling pathways are highlighted.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 51 print issues and online access
£199.00 per year
only £3.90 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on SpringerLink
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sadowski, I., Stone, J. C. & Pawson, T. Molec. cell. Biol. 6, 4396–4408 (1986).
Mayer, B. J., Hamaguchi, M. & Hanafusa, H. Nature 332, 272–275 (1988).
Tyers, M. et al. Nature 333, 470–473 (1988).
Pawson, T. & Schlessinger, J. Curr. Biol. 3, 434–442 (1993).
Anderson, D. et al. Science 250, 979–982 (1990).
Matsuda, M., Mayer, B. J., Fukui, Y. & Hanafusa, H. Science 248, 1537–1539 (1990).
Valius, M. & Kazlauskas, A. Cell 73, 321–334 (1993).
Piccione, E. et al. Biochemistry 32, 3197–3202 (1993).
Felder, S. et al. Molec. cell. Biol. 13, 1449–1455 (1993).
Panayotou, G. et al. Molec. cell. Biol. 13, 3567–3576 (1993).
Waksman, G., Shoelson, S., Pant, N., Cowburn, D. & Kuriyan, J. Cell 72, 779–790 (1993).
Eck, M. I., Shoelson, S. E. & Harrison, S. C. Nature 362, 87–91 (1993).
Pascal, S. M. et al. Cell 77, 461–472 (1994).
Lee, C-H. et al. Structure 2, 423–438 (1994).
Songyang, Z. et al. Cell 72, 767–778 (1993).
Sugimoto, S., Wandlers, T. J., Shoelson, S. E., Neel, B. G. & Walsh, C. T. J. biol. Chem. 269, 13614–13622 (1994).
Sabe, H., Hata, A., Okada, M., Nakagawa, H. & Hanafusa, H. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 984–3988 (1994).
Rotin, D., Honegger, A. M., Margolis, B. L., Ullrich, A. & Schlessinger, J. J. biol. Chem. 267, 9678–9683 (1992).
Kavanaugh, W. M. & Williams, L. T. Science, 266, 1862–1865 (1994).
Blaike, P. et al. J. biol. Chem. 269, 32031–32034 (1994).
Drubin, D. G., Mulholland, J., Zhu, Z. & Botstein, D. Nature 343, 288–290 (1990).
Leto, T. L. et al. Science 248, 727–730 (1990).
Ren, R., Mayer, B. J., Cicchetti, P. & Baltimore, D. Science 259, 1157–1161 (1993).
Yu, H. et al. Cell 76, 933–945 (1994).
Chen, J. K., Lane, W. S., Brauer, A. W., Tanaka, A. & Schreiber, S. L. J. Am. chem. Soc. 115, 12591–12592 (1993).
Feng, S., Chen, J. K., Yu, H., Simon, J. A. & Schreiber, S. L. Science 266, 1241–1246 (1994).
Lim, W. A., Richards, F. M. & Fox, R. O. Nature 372, 375–379 (1994).
Musacchio, A., Saraste, M. & Wilmanns, M. Nature struct. Biol. 1, 546–551 (1994).
Wittekind, M. et al. Biochemistry 33, 13531–13539 (1994).
Rickles, R. et al. EMBO J. 13, 5598–5604 (1994).
Cherniack, A. D., Klarlund, J. K. & Czech, M. P. J. biol. Chem. 269, 4717–4720 (1994).
Mayer, B. J., Ren, R., Clark, K. L. & Baltimore, D. Cell 73, 629–630 (1993).
Haslam, R. J., Koide, H. B. & Hemmings, B. A. Nature 363, 309–310 (1993).
Musacchio, A., Gibson, T., Price, P., Thompson, J. & Saraste, M. Trends biochem. Sci. 18, 343–348 (1993).
Riddihough, G. Nature struct. Biol. 1, 755–757 (1994).
Harlan, J. E., Hajduk, P. J., Yoon, H. S. & Fesick, S. W. Nature 371, 168–170 (1994).
Ferguson, K. M., Lemmon, M. A., Schlessinger, J. & Sigler, P. B. Cell 79, 199–209 (1994).
Timm, D. et al. Nature struct. Biol. 1, 782–788 (1994).
Touhara, K., Inglese, J., Pitcher, J. A., Shaw, G. & Lefkowitz, R. J. J. biol. Chem. 269, 10217–10220 (1994).
Yao, L., Kawakami, Y. & Kawakami, T. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 9175–9179 (1994).
Lefkowitz, R. L. Cell, 74, 409–412 (1993).
Thomas, J. D. et al. Science 261, 355–358 (1993).
Ullrich, A. & Schlessinger, J. Cell 61, 203–212 (1990).
Rönnstrand, L. et al. EMBO J. 11, 3911–3919 (1992).
Valius, M., Bazenet, C. & Kazlauskas, A. Molec. cell. Biol. 13, 133–143 (1993).
Kashishian, A. & Cooper, J. A. Molec. Biol. Cell. 4, 49–57 (1993).
Fantl, W. J. et al. Cell 69, 413–423 (1992).
Twamley-Stein, G. M., Pepperkok, R., Ansorge, W. & Courtneidge, S. A. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 7696–7700 (1993).
Satoh, T., Fantl, W. J., Escobedo, J. A., Williams, L. T. & Kaziro, Y. Molec. cell. Biol. 13, 3706–3713 (1993).
Ponzetto, C. et al. Cell 77, 261–271 (1994).
Sun, X. J. et al. Nature 352, 73–77 (1991).
Sun, X. J., Crimmins, D. L., Myers, M. G. Jr, Miralpeix, M. & White, M. F. Molec. cell. Biol. 13, 7418–7428 (1993).
Reth, M. Nature 338, 383–384 (1989).
Weiss, A. Cell 73, 209–212 (1993).
Iwashima, M., Irving, B. A., van Oers, N. S. C., Chan, A. C. & Weiss, A. Science 263, 1136 (1994).
Arpaia, E., Shahar, M., Dadi, H., Cohen, A. & Roifman, C. M. Cell 76, 947–958 (1994).
Chan, A. C. et al. Science 264, 1599 (1994).
Prasad, K. V. S. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 2834–2838 (1994).
Pagès, F. et al. Nature 369, 327–329 (1994).
Darnell, J. E. Jr, Kerr, I. M. & Stark, G. R. Science 264, 1415–1421 (1994).
Stahl, N. & Yancopoulos, G. D. Cell 74, 587–590 (1993).
Watling, D. et al. Nature 366, 166–170 (1993).
Müller, M. et al. Nature 366, 129–135 (1993).
Maruyamam, K., Miyata, K. & Yoshimura, A. J. biol. Chem. 269, 5976–5980 (1994).
Yi, T., Mui, A. L.-F., Krystal, G. & Ihle, J. N. Molec. cell. Biol. 13, 7577–7586 (1993).
Boulton, T. G., Stahl, N. & Yancopoulos, G. D. J. biol. Chem. 269, 11648–11655 (1994).
Schindler, C., Fu, X-Y., Improta, T., Aeborsold, R. & Darnell, J. E. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89, 7836–7839 (1992).
Fu, X.-Y. Cell 70, 323–335 (1992).
Shuai, K., Stark, G. R., Kerr, I. M. & Darnell, J. E. Science 261, 1744–1746 (1993).
Shuai, K. et al. Cell 76, 821–828 (1994).
Clark, S. G., Stern, M. J. & Horvitz, H. R. Nature 356, 340–344 (1992).
Simon, L. A., Dodson, G. S. & Rubin, G. M. Cell 73, 169–177 (1993).
Olivier, J. P. et al. Cell 73, 179–191 (1993).
Rozakis-Adcock, M., Fernley, R., Wade, J., Pawson, T. & Bowtell, D. Nature 363, 83–85 (1993).
Egan, S. E. et al. Nature 363, 45–51 (1993).
Li, N. et al. Nature 363, 85–88 (1993).
Gale, W. N., Kaplan, D., Lowenstein, E. J., Schlessinger, J. & Bar-Sagi, D. Nature 363, 88–92 (1993).
Buday, L. & Downward, J. Cell 73, 611–620 (1993).
Batzer, A. G., Rotin, D., Urena, J. M., Skolnik, E. Y. & Schlessinger, J. Molec. cell. Biol. 14, 5192–5201 (1994).
Quilliam, L. A. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 8512–8516 (1994).
Aronheim, A. et al. Cell 78, 949–961 (1994).
Marshall, C. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 4, 82–89 (1994).
Arvidsson, A-K. et al. Molec. cell. Biol. 14, 6715–6726 (1994).
Rozakis-Adcock, M. et al. Nature 360, 689–692 (1992).
Li, W. et al. Molec. cell. Biol. 14, 509–517 (1994).
Bennett, A. M., Tang, T. L., Sugimoto, S., Walsh, C. T. & Neel, B. G. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 7335–7339 (1994).
Miki, H. et al. J. biol. Chem. 269, 5489–5492 (1994).
Scaife, R., Gout, I., Waterfield, M. D. & Margolis, R. L. EMBO J. 13, 2574–2582 (1994).
Seedorf, K. et al. J. biol. Chem. 269, 16009–16014 (1994).
Tanaka, S. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 3443–3447 (1994).
Matsuda, M. et al. Molec. cell. Biol. 14, 5495–5500 (1994).
Boguski, M. S. & McCormick, F. Nature 366, 643–654 (1993).
Maekawa, M. et al. Molec. cell. Biol. 14, 6879–6885 (1994).
Downward, J., Graves, J. D., Warne, P. H., Rayter, S. & Cantrell, D. A. Nature 346, 719–723 (1990).
Settleman, J., Albright, C. F., Foster, L. C. & Weinberg, R. A. Nature 359, 153–154 (1992).
McGlade, J. et al. EMBO J. 12, 3073–3081 (1993).
Nobes, C. & Hall, A. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 4, 77–81 (1994).
Superti-Furga, G., Fumagalli, S., Koegl, M., Courtneidge, S. A. & Draetta, G. EMBO J. 12, 2625–2634 (1993).
Rosen, M. K. et al. Nature (in the press).
Eck, M. J., Atwell, S. K., Shoelson, S. E. & Harrison, S. C. Nature 368, 764–769 (1994).
Kypta, R. M., Goldberg, Y., Ulug, E. T. & Courtneidge, S. A. Cell 62, 481–492 (1990).
Mori, S. et al. EMBO J. 12, 2257–2264 (1993).
Cobb, B. S., Schaller, M. D., Leu, T.-H. & Parsons, J. T. Molec. cell. Biol. 14, 147–155 (1994).
Flynn, D. C., Leu, T-H., Reynolds, A. B. & Parsons, T. Molec. cell. Biol. 13, 7892–7900 (1993).
Courtneidge, S. A. & Fumagalli, S. Trends Cell Biol. 4, 345–347 (1994).
Taylor, S. J. & Shalloway, D. Nature 368, 867–871 (1994).
Fumagalli, S., Totty, N. F., Hsuan, J. J. & Courtneidge, S. A. Nature 368, 871–874 (1994).
Wong, G. et al. Cell 69, 551–558 (1992).
Richard, S. et al. Molec. cell. Biol. (in the press).
Reynolds, A. B., Kanner, S. B., Wang, H.-C. R. & Parson, J. T. Molec. cell. Biol. 9, 3951–3958 (1989).
Sakai, R. et al. EMBO J. 13, 3748–3756 (1994).
Holtzman, D. A., Yang, S. & Drubin, D. G. J. Cell Biol. 122, 635–644 (1993).
Chenevert, J., Corrado, K., Bender, A., Pringle, J. R. & Herskowitz, I. Nature 356, 77–79 (1992).
Woods, D. F. & Bryant, P. J. Cell 66, 451–464 (1991).
Bar-Sagi, D., Rotin, D., Batzer, A., Mandiyan, V. & Schlessinger, J. Cell 74, 83–91 (1993).
Rotin, D. et al. EMBO J. 13, 4440–4450 (1994).
McPhail, L. C. J. Exp. Med. 180, 2011–2015 (1994).
de Mendez, I., Garrett, M. C., Adams, A. G. & Leto, T. L. J. biol. Chem. 269, 16326–16332 (1994).
Finan, P. et al. J. biol. Chem. 269, 13752–13755 (1994).
Sumimoto, H. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 5345–5349 (1994).
Schmeicel, K. L. & Beckerle, M. C. Cell 79, 211–219 (1994).
Peifer, M., Berg, S. & Reynolds, A. B. Cell 76, 789–791 (1994).
Fortini, M. F. & Artavanis-Tsakonas, S. Cell 75, 1245–1247 (1993).
Chan, T. A. et al. Oncogene 9, 1253–1259 (1993).
Perkins, L. A., Larsen, I. & Perrimon, N. Cell 70, 225–236 (1992).
Feller, S. M., Knudsen, B. & Hanafusa, H. EMBO J. 13, 2341–2351 (1994).
Ren, R., Ye, Z-S. & Baltimore, D. Genes Dev. 8, 783–795 (1994).
Rodriguez-Viciana, P. et al. Nature 370, 527–532 (1994).
Gustafson, T. A. et al. Molec. cell. Biol. (in the press).
Stahl, N. et al. Science (in the press).
Songyang, Z. et al. Nature 373, 536–539 (1995).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pawson, T. Protein modules and signalling networks. Nature 373, 573–580 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1038/373573a0
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/373573a0