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Paramyxovirus Glycoproteins and the Membrane Fusion Process

  • Virology (A Nicola, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

The family Paramyxoviridae includes many viruses that significantly affect human and animal health. An essential step in the paramyxovirus life cycle is viral entry into host cells, mediated by virus-cell membrane fusion. Upon viral entry, infection results in expression of the paramyxoviral glycoproteins on the infected cell surface. This can lead to cell-cell fusion (syncytia formation), often linked to pathogenesis. Thus, membrane fusion is essential for both viral entry and cell-cell fusion and an attractive target for therapeutic development. While there are important differences between viral-cell and cell-cell membrane fusion, many aspects are conserved. The paramyxoviruses generally utilize two envelope glycoproteins to orchestrate membrane fusion. Here, we discuss the roles of these glycoproteins in distinct steps of the membrane fusion process. These findings can offer insights into evolutionary relationships among Paramyxoviridae genera and offer future targets for prophylactic and therapeutic development.

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  1. Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, 240 Ott Road, Pullman, WA, 99164-0790, USA

    Hector C. Aguilar, Bryce A. Henderson & J. Lizbeth Zamora

  2. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA

    Hector C. Aguilar

  3. School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA

    Hector C. Aguilar, Bryce A. Henderson & Gunner P. Johnston

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Aguilar, H.C., Henderson, B.A., Zamora, J.L. et al. Paramyxovirus Glycoproteins and the Membrane Fusion Process. Curr Clin Micro Rpt 3, 142–154 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40588-016-0040-8

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