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Potentials of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks as biomarkers for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

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Abstract

Chemoresistance, radioresistance, and facile spreading of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) make the practically clinical treatment invalid. Such dismal outcome mainly originates from the lack of effective biomarkers which are highly desirable to understand the pathogenesis of LSCC, and strives to find promising novel biomarkers to improve early screening, effective treatment, and prognosis evaluation in LSCC. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a kind of non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides, can participate in the process of tumorigenesis and progression through many regulatory modalities, such as epigenetic transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional regulation. Meanwhile, microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), essentially involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, are aberrantly expressed in cancer-related genomic regions or susceptible sites. An increasing number of studies have shown that lncRNAs are important regulators of miRNAs expression in LSCC, and that miRNAs can also target to regulate the expression of lncRNAs, and they can target to regulate downstream messenger RNAs (mRNAs) transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally, thereby affecting various physiopathological processes of LSCC. Complex cross-regulatory networks existing among lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs can regulate the tumorigenesis and development of LSCC. Such networks may become promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in the research field of LSCC. In this review, we mainly summarize the latest research progress on the regulatory relationships among lncRNAs, miRNAs, and downstream mRNAs, and highlight the potential applications of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory networks as biomarkers for the early diagnosis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, chemoresistance, radioresistance, and prognosis of LSCC, aiming to provide important clues for understanding the pathogenesis of LSCC and developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely thank for the help from Dr. Chunyu Cao in the Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, and Prof. Xuelin Yang in Analysis and Testing Center, China Three Gorges University for writing suggestions.

Funding

This work was supported by open research fund from The Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy of China Three Gorges University (grant no. 2022KZL2-01). In addition, it is funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 81602559), and sponsored by Research Fund for Excellent Dissertation of China Three Gorges University (2019SSPY107) and by Youth Science Fund Program of China Three Gorges University (grant no. 1115064).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China

    Yan Lv & Yanhua Wang

  2. Department of Morphology, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Life Science Building, No.8 Daxue Road, Yichang, 443002, China

    Yanhua Wang

  3. The Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China

    Zhikai Zhang

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  1. Yan Lv
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YL wrote and revised the manuscript. YW reviewed the literature, and approved the version to be published. ZZ participated in the revision and polishing of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yanhua Wang.

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Lv, Y., Wang, Y. & Zhang, Z. Potentials of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks as biomarkers for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Human Cell 36, 76–97 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13577-022-00799-x

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