[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/
Skip to main content

Advertisement

Reliability and survivability assessment of LTE-A architecture and networks

  • Theoretical Article
  • Published:
OPSEARCH Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the world of broadband network, Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) is facing a large demand due to its high-speed wireless data transmission, extensive coverage from base stations, and a luxury of upgrading protocol software. However, its efficiency depends mainly on the two significant attributes which are reliability and survivability. Further, the prospects of these attributes are mainly based on the LTE architecture and network. In this paper, a hierarchical model is developed based on the architecture of LTE-A networks. Stochastic modeling techniques such as continuous time Markov chains and reliability block diagram are used to obtain reliability, availability and survivability metrics. Further, these metrics are analyzed numerically using the hierarchical model.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
£29.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. System is an interdependent group of items forming a unified whole.

  2. Components are any hardware of software part of the network, such as, any link, base station, a part of base station, etc.

  3. Node is either a redistribution point or a communication endpoint.

  4. IMS stands for IP multimedia subsystem which facilitates the use of IP for packet communications.

  5. GSM stands for Global System for Mobile communication and is a digital mobile telephony system that is widely used in Europe and other parts of the world.

  6. Performability is a composite measure a system’s performance and its dependability.

References

  1. Akyildiz, I.F., Gutierrez-Estevez, D.M., Reyes, E.C.: The evolution to 4G cellular systems: LTE-Advanced. Phys. Commun. 3(4), 217–244 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Gautam, A., Dharmaraja, S.: A fluid queue driven analytical model for battery life of an user equipment in LTE-A networks. Phys. Commun. 30, 213–219 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wu, D., Eilert, J., Asghar, R., Liu, D., Nilsson, A., Tell, E., Alfredsson, E.: System architecture for 3GPP-LTE modem using a programmable baseband processor. Int. J. Embed. Real-Time Commun. Syst. (IJERTCS) 1(3), 44–64 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Saxena, A., Sindal, R.: LTE channel throughput assessment and comparison under different terrain. Int. J. Commun. Syst. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.3586

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Ahmad, I., Md Noor, R., Reza Z’aba, M.: LTE efficiency when used in traffic information systems: a stable interest aware clustering. Int. J. Commun. Syst. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.3853

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Dharmaraja, S., Jindal, V., Varshney, U.: Reliability and survivability analysis for UMTS networks: an analytical approach. IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manag. 5(3), 132–142 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Liu, Y., Trivedi, K.S.: A General framework for network survivability quantification, In: Proceedings of 12th GI/ITG conference on measuring, modelling and evaluation of computer and communication systems, pp. 369–378 (2004)

  8. Heegaard, P.E., Trivedi, K.S.: Network survivability modeling. Comput. Netw. 53(8), 1215–1234 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Dharmaraja, S., Vinayak, R., Trivedi, K.S.: Reliability and survivability of vehicular ad hoc networks: an analytical approach. Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 153, 28–38 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ikuno, J.C., Wrulich, M., Rupp, M.: System level simulation of LTE networks, In: Proceddings of 71st IEEE vehicular technology conference, pp. 1–5 (2010)

  11. Ghosh, A., Ratasuk, R., Mondal, B., Mangalvedhe, N., Thomas, T.: LTE-advanced: next-generation wireless broadband technology. IEEE Wirel. Commun. 17(3), 10–22 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Legg, P., Hui, G., Johansson, J.: A simulation study of LTE intra-frequency handover performance, In: Proceedings of IEEE 72nd vehicular technology conference fall, pp. 1–5 (2010)

  13. Zhang, L., Zhang, J., You, L., Zhou, S.: Reliability analysis of structures based on a probability-uncertainty hybrid model. Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. 35(1), 263–279 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Zhang, Y., Yu, T., Song, B.: A reliability allocation method of mechanism considering system performance reliability. Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. 35(7), 2240–2260 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Li, W., Xiaomin, M.A., Wu, J., Trivedi, K.S., Huang, X.L., Liu, Q.: Analytical model and performance evaluation of long term evolution for vehicle safety services. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 66(3), 1926–1939 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Goševa-Popstojanova, K., Trivedi, K.S.: Architecture-based approach to reliability assessment of software systems. Perform. Eval. 45(2), 179–204 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Li, Y., Cui, L., Lin, C.: Modeling and analysis for multi-state systems with discrete-time Markov regime-switching. Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 166, 41–49 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Gupta, V., Dharmaraja, S.: Semi-Markov modeling of dependability of VoIP network in the presence of resource degradation and security attacks. Reliabi. Eng. Syst. Saf. 96(12), 1627–1636 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Watanabe, K., Machida, M.: Outdoor lTE infrastructure equipment (eNodeB). Fujitsu Sci. Tech. J. 48(1), 27–32 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Gesbert, D., Shafi, M., Shiu, D.S., Smith, P.J., Naguib, A.: From theory to practice: an overview of MIMO space-time coded wireless systems. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 21(3), 281–302 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Shooma, M.L.: Reliability of Computer Systems and Networks: Fault Tolerance, Analysis, and Design. Wiley, Hoboken (2002)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  22. Fiondella, L., Gokhale, S.S.: rchitecture-based software reliability with error propagation and recovery, In: Proceedings of IEEE international symposium on performance evaluation of computer and telecommunication systems (SPECTS), pp. 38–45 (2013)

  23. Gupta, S., Khaitan, V.: Reliability and survivability analysis of long-term evolution vehicular Ad-Hoc networks: an analytical approach. J. Netw. Syst. Manag. 29, 11 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Trivedi, K.S.: Probability Statistics with Reliability, Queuing and Computer Science Applications. Wiley, Hoboken (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Zonoozi, M.M., Dassanayake, P.: User mobility modeling and characterization of mobility patterns. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 15(7), 1239–1252 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Guerin, R.A.: Channel occupancy time distribution in a cellular radio system. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 36(3), 89–99 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Sesia, S., Baker, M., Toufik, I.: LTE-the UMTS Long Term Evolution: From Theory to Practice. Wiley, Hoboken (2011)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  28. Pascual-Ortigosa, P., Sáenz-de-Cabezón, E., Wynn, H.P.: Algebraic reliability of multi-state k-out-of-n systems. Probab. Eng. Inf. Sci. 35(4), 903–927 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Huang, H.: The generalized entropy ergodic theorem for nonhomogeneous Markov chains indexed by a homogeneous tree. Probab. Eng. Inf. Sci. 34(2), 221–234 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Xie, L., Heegaard, P.E., Jiang, Y.: Survivability analysis of a two-tier infrastructure-based wireless network. Comput. Netw. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2017.03.023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Chen, D., Garg, S., Trivedi, K.S.: Network survivability performance evaluation: a quantitative approach with applications in wireless ad-hoc networks, In: Proceedings of the 5th ACM international workshop on modeling analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems, pp. 61–68 (2002)

Download references

Funding

Not applicable.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anupam Gautam.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gautam, A., Dharmaraja, S. Reliability and survivability assessment of LTE-A architecture and networks. OPSEARCH 60, 370–392 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12597-022-00607-y

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12597-022-00607-y

Keywords