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Use of Landsat-8 OLI data for delineating fracture systems in subsoil regions: implications for groundwater prospection in the Waddai area, eastern Chad

  • ArabGU2016
  • Published:
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Abstract

The use of satellite images for mapping and analyzing linear structures and fracture systems in subsoil regions is essential to understand the subsurface groundwater path ways and traps. In this study, we apply Optimal Index Factor (OIF), principal component analysis (PCA), and directional filtering (Sobel) of several Landsat 8 bands for the wooded Waddai area in NE Chad. The application of the Sobel directional filter to these bands showed a robust performance for enhancing the discontinuity features and allowed better identification of the fault/fracture systems by the automated lineament extraction techniques. The results indicate that the ENE and WSW structural trends control the distribution and migration of groundwater, in good agreement with previous hydrological studies and published hydrogeological maps. New highly potential areas for groundwater exploration are identified on a lineament density map and verified by ground truth urban distribution.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the support we received from colleagues in the Geology and Oceanology Laboratory, Faculty of Science Tetouan, Abdelmalek Essaadi University. The authors would like to thank Dr. Waleed Lagrab (Abdelmalek Essaadi University) for the technical assistance and guidance. Basem Zoheir likes to acknowledge the help offerred by Bill Hauer (NASA) to obtain the staellite data. Tow anonymous reviewers are thanked for their constructive comments that helped in imporving this first draft of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Geology and Oceanology, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science- Tetouan, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco

    Mahamat Ouchar Al-Djazouli, Karim Elmorabiti & Omayma Amellah

  2. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt

    Basem Zoheir

  3. Institute of Geosciences, University of Kiel, Ludewig-Meyn Str. 10, 24118, Kiel, Germany

    Basem Zoheir

  4. Laboratory of Geodynamics and Geomatics (L2G), Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco

    Abdelmejid Rahimi

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  1. Mahamat Ouchar Al-Djazouli
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Correspondence to Mahamat Ouchar Al-Djazouli.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Current Advances in Geology of North Africa

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Al-Djazouli, M.O., Elmorabiti, K., Zoheir, B. et al. Use of Landsat-8 OLI data for delineating fracture systems in subsoil regions: implications for groundwater prospection in the Waddai area, eastern Chad. Arab J Geosci 12, 241 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-019-4354-8

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