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Exosomes: Cell-Free Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are an important cause of death and disease worldwide. Because injured cardiac tissue cannot be repaired itself, it is urgent to develop other alternate therapies. Stem cells can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells for the treatment of CVDs. Therefore, cell therapy has recently been considered a viable treatment option that can significantly improve cardiac function. Nonetheless, implanted stem cells rarely survive in the recipient heart, suggesting that the benefits of stem cell therapy may involve other mechanisms. Exosomes derived from stem cells have a myocardial protection function after myocardial injury, and may be a promising and effective therapy for CVDs. Here, we discuss the application and mechanism of exosomes derived from stem cells in the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs and provide evidence for the application of exosomes in CVDs.

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Abbreviations

AMI:

Acute myocardial infarction

CVDs:

Cardiovascular diseases

CPCs:

Cardiac progenitor cells

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

EVs:

Extracellular vesicles

HUVECs:

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cell

miRNAs, miRs:

MicroRNAs

mRNAs:

Messenger RNAs

lncRNAs:

Long noncoding RNAs

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Funding

This study was funded by the Ningbo Health Branding Subject Fund (PPXK2018-01), Ningbo medical science and technology project (2016Z01), Zhejiang Provincial Public Service and Application Research Foundation, China (LGF20H250001), and Ningbo HwaMei research fund (2019HMZD09).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, HwaMei Hospital (previously named Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Xibei Street, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China

    Nana He, Dongjuan Wang & Honghua Ye

  2. Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China

    Nana He & Shun Zhang

  3. Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China

    Nana He & Shun Zhang

  4. Department of Medicine, University of Ningbo, Ningbo, China

    Yuelin Zhang

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  1. Nana He
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  3. Shun Zhang
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  4. Dongjuan Wang
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  5. Honghua Ye
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Correspondence to Honghua Ye.

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He, N., Zhang, Y., Zhang, S. et al. Exosomes: Cell-Free Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 13, 713–721 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-020-09966-7

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