[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Obesity and Obesity-Related Disorders

  • NUTRITION AND OBESITY (S MCCLAVE AND E OMER, SECTION EDITORS)
  • Published:
Current Gastroenterology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

The prevalence of overweight and obesity has been increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. Gut microbiota intimately influence host energy metabolism, and immune response. Studies indicate a prominent role of gut dysbiosis in propagating inflammation that is associated with the development of obesity and obesity-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This article will review the current literature on gut microbiome and its impact on obesity and obesity-related disorders.

Recent Findings

An altered gut microbial composition in obesity and obesity-related disorders is associated with enhanced energy extraction from the non-digestible dietary carbohydrates, increased gut permeability, increased production of proinflammatory metabolites, such as lipopolysaccharides, resulting in systemic inflammation and insulin resistance.

Summary

Gut microbiota modulation can be achieved either by dietary manipulation or by administration of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and/or fecal microbiota transplantation aiming at the improvement of the gut dysbiosis in obesity and metabolic disorders. Further clinical trials are required to better elucidate the dose, and frequency of these interventions and also their long-term impact on host metabolism.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
£29.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

  1. Obesity and overweight, World Health Organisation. Accessed on September 30, 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight.

  2. Adult Obesity Facts, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed on September 30, 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html.

  3. Boulangé CL, Neves AL, Chilloux J, Nicholson JK, Dumas M-E. Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease. Genome Med. 2016;8(1):1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Lazarus E, Bays HE. Cancer and Obesity: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022. Obesity Pillars. 2022;3:100026.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Sircana A, Framarin L, Leone N, Berrutti M, Castellino F, Parente R, et al. Altered gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes: just a coincidence? Curr Diab Rep. 2018;18(10):1–11.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bozzi Cionci N, Baffoni L, Gaggìa F, Di Gioia D. Therapeutic microbiology: the role of Bifidobacterium breve as food supplement for the prevention/treatment of paediatric diseases. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1723.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Rodríguez JM, Murphy K, Stanton C, Ross RP, Kober OI, Juge N, et al. The composition of the gut microbiota throughout life, with an emphasis on early life. Microb Ecol Health Dis. 2015;26(1):26050.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Soderborg TK, Clark SE, Mulligan CE, Janssen RC, Babcock L, Ir D, et al. The gut microbiota in infants of obese mothers increases inflammation and susceptibility to NAFLD. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):1–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kumbhare SV, Patangia DV, Patil RH, Shouche YS, Patil NP. Factors influencing the gut microbiome in children: from infancy to childhood. J Biosci. 2019;44(2):1–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Moles L, Gomez M, Heilig H, Bustos G, Fuentes S, de Vos W, et al. Bacterial diversity in meconium of preterm neonates and evolution of their fecal microbiota during the first month of life. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(6):e66986.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Hu J, Nomura Y, Bashir A, Fernandez-Hernandez H, Itzkowitz S, Pei Z, et al. Diversified microbiota of meconium is affected by maternal diabetes status. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(11):e78257.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Indiani CMdSP, Rizzardi KF, Castelo PM, Ferraz LFC, Darrieux M, Parisotto TM. Childhood obesity and firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio in the gut microbiota: a systematic review. Childhood Obes. 2018;14(8):501–9.

  13. Yatsunenko T, Rey FE, Manary MJ, Trehan I, Dominguez-Bello MG, Contreras M, et al. Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography. Nature. 2012;486(7402):222–7.

  14. Tanase DM, Gosav EM, Neculae E, Costea CF, Ciocoiu M, Hurjui LL, et al. Role of gut microbiota on onset and progression of microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Nutrients. 2020;12(12):3719.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Qin J, Li R, Raes J, Arumugam M, Burgdorf KS, Manichanh C, et al. A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing. Nature. 2010;464(7285):59–65.

  16. Sikalidis AK, Maykish A. The gut microbiome and type 2 diabetes mellitus: discussing a complex relationship. Biomedicines. 2020;8(1):8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Kabouridis PS, Pachnis V. Emerging roles of gut microbiota and the immune system in the development of the enteric nervous system. J Clin Investig. 2015;125(3):956–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Badgeley A, Anwar H, Modi K, Murphy P, Lakshmikuttyamma A. Effect of probiotics and gut microbiota on anti-cancer drugs: Mechanistic perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2021;1875(1):188494.

  19. Bisanz JE, Upadhyay V, Turnbaugh JA, Ly K, Turnbaugh PJ. Diet induces reproducible alterations in the mouse and human gut microbiome. bioRxiv. 2019:541797.

  20. Claesson MJ, Jeffery IB, Conde S, Power SE, O’connor EM, Cusack S, et al. Gut microbiota composition correlates with diet and health in the elderly. Nature. 2012;488(7410):178–84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Cho I, Yamanishi S, Cox L, Methé BA, Zavadil J, Li K, et al. Antibiotics in early life alter the murine colonic microbiome and adiposity. Nature. 2012;488(7413):621–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Stirling G, Wilsey B. Empirical relationships between species richness, evenness, and proportional diversity. Am Nat. 2001;158(3):286–99.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Thavamani A, Salem I, Sferra TJ, Sankararaman S. Impact of altered gut microbiota and its metabolites in cystic fibrosis. Metabolites. 2021;11(2):123.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Sze MA, Schloss PD. Looking for a signal in the noise: revisiting obesity and the microbiome. MBio. 2016;7(4):e01018-e1116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Tsukumo DM, Carvalho BM, Carvalho Filho MA, Saad MJ. Translational research into gut microbiota: new horizons on obesity treatment: updated 2014. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59:154–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Khan MJ, Gerasimidis K, Edwards CA, Shaikh MG. Role of gut microbiota in the aetiology of obesity: proposed mechanisms and review of the literature. J Obes. 2016. p. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7353642.

  27. Scheepers L, Penders J, Mbakwa C, Thijs C, Mommers M, Arts I. The intestinal microbiota composition and weight development in children: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. Int J Obes. 2015;39(1):16–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Maya-Lucas O, Murugesan S, Nirmalkar K, Alcaraz LD, Hoyo-Vadillo C, Pizano-Zárate ML, et al. The gut microbiome of Mexican children affected by obesity. Anaerobe. 2019;55:11–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Le Chatelier E, Consortium M. Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers Nature. 2013;500:541-6.

  30. Turnbaugh PJ, Hamady M, Yatsunenko T, Cantarel BL, Duncan A, Ley RE, et al. A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins. Nature. 2009;457(7228):480–4.

  31. Kim M-H, Yun KE, Kim J, Park E, Chang Y, Ryu S, et al. Gut microbiota and metabolic health among overweight and obese individuals. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):1–11. This observation study described gut microbiota in metabolically health and unhealthy overweight and obese participants.

  32. Schwimmer JB, Johnson JS, Angeles JE, Behling C, Belt PH, Borecki I, et al. Microbiome signatures associated with steatohepatitis and moderate to severe fibrosis in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2019;157(4):1109–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Stanislawski MA, Lozupone CA, Wagner BD, Eggesbø M, Sontag MK, Nusbacher NM, et al. Gut microbiota in adolescents and the association with fatty liver: the EPOCH study. Pediatr Res. 2018;84(2):219–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Xu Z, Jiang W, Huang W, Lin Y, Chan FK, Ng SC. Gut microbiota in patients with obesity and metabolic disorders—a systematic review. Genes Nutr. 2022;17(1):1–18. This systematic review evaluated 60 studies and described the gut microbiota differences in participants with obesity in the West vs. East.

  35. Rizzatti G, Lopetuso L, Gibiino G, Binda C, Gasbarrini A. Proteobacteria: a common factor in human diseases. BioMed research international. 2017;2017.

  36. Ley RE, Bäckhed F, Turnbaugh P, Lozupone CA, Knight RD, Gordon JI. Obesity alters gut microbial ecology. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2005;102(31):11070–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Turnbaugh P, Ley R, Mahowald M, Magrini V, Mardis E, Gordon J. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. 2006;444(7122):1027–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Ley RE, Turnbaugh PJ, Klein S, Gordon JI. Human gut microbes associated with obesity. Nature. 2006;444(7122):1022–3.

  39. Bisanz JE, Upadhyay V, Turnbaugh JA, Ly K, Turnbaugh PJ. Meta-analysis reveals reproducible gut microbiome alterations in response to a high-fat diet. Cell Host Microbe. 2019;26(2):265–72. e4.

  40. Duncan SH, Lobley G, Holtrop G, Ince J, Johnstone A, Louis P, et al. Human colonic microbiota associated with diet, obesity and weight loss. Int J Obes. 2008;32(11):1720–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Sarkar A, Yoo JY, Valeria Ozorio Dutra S, Morgan KH, Groer M. The association between early-life gut microbiota and long-term health and diseases. J Clin Med. 2021;10(3):459.

  42. Chelimo C, Camargo CA, Morton SM, Grant CC. Association of repeated antibiotic exposure up to age 4 years with body mass at age 4.5 years. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(1):e1917577-e. This study noted the association between early childhood antibiotic exposure and increased likelihood of obesity.

  43. Chen L-W, Xu J, Soh SE, Aris IM, Tint M-T, Gluckman PD, et al. Implication of gut microbiota in the association between infant antibiotic exposure and childhood obesity and adiposity accumulation. Int J Obes. 2020;44(7):1508–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Ridaura VK, Faith JJ, Rey FE, Cheng J, Duncan AE, Kau AL, et al. Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice. Science. 2013;341(6150):1241214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Castro A, Macedo-de La Concha L, Pantoja-Meléndez C. Low-grade inflammation and its relation to obesity and chronic degenerative diseases. Rev Méd Hosp Gen Méx. 2017;80(2):101–5.

  46. Saad M, Santos A, Prada P. Linking gut microbiota and inflammation to obesity and insulin resistance. Physiology. 2016;31:283–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Cani PD, Amar J, Iglesias MA, Poggi M, Knauf C, Bastelica D, et al. Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2007;56(7):1761–72.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. de La Serre CB, Ellis CL, Lee J, Hartman AL, Rutledge JC, Raybould HE. Propensity to high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats is associated with changes in the gut microbiota and gut inflammation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2010;299(2):G440-G8.

  49. Kobyliak N, Virchenko O, Falalyeyeva T. Pathophysiological role of host microbiota in the development of obesity. Nutr J. 2015;15(1):1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Muccioli GG, Naslain D, Bäckhed F, Reigstad CS, Lambert DM, Delzenne NM, et al. The endocannabinoid system links gut microbiota to adipogenesis. Mol Syst Biol. 2010;6(1):392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Coppola S, Avagliano C, Calignano A, Berni CR. The protective role of butyrate against obesity and obesity-related diseases. Molecules. 2021;26(3):682.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Chambers ES, Viardot A, Psichas A, Morrison DJ, Murphy KG, Zac-Varghese SE, et al. Effects of targeted delivery of propionate to the human colon on appetite regulation, body weight maintenance and adiposity in overweight adults. Gut. 2015;64(11):1744–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Samuel BS, Shaito A, Motoike T, Rey FE, Backhed F, Manchester JK, et al. Effects of the gut microbiota on host adiposity are modulated by the short-chain fatty-acid binding G protein-coupled receptor, Gpr41. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2008;105(43):16767–72.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Bäckhed F, Ding H, Wang T, Hooper LV, Koh GY, Nagy A, et al. The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2004;101(44):15718–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Kim KN, Yao Y, Ju SY. Short chain fatty acids and fecal microbiota abundance in humans with obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2019;11(10):2512.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Liu H, Wang J, He T, Becker S, Zhang G, Li D, et al. Butyrate: a double-edged sword for health? Adv Nutr. 2018;9(1):21–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Houtman TA, Eckermann HA, Smidt H, de Weerth C. Gut microbiota and BMI throughout childhood: the role of firmicutes, bacteroidetes, and short-chain fatty acid producers. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Canfora EE, Jocken JW, Blaak EE. Short-chain fatty acids in control of body weight and insulin sensitivity. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2015;11(10):577–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Li Z, Yi C-X, Katiraei S, Kooijman S, Zhou E, Chung CK, et al. Butyrate reduces appetite and activates brown adipose tissue via the gut-brain neural circuit. Gut. 2018;67(7):1269–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Geurts L, Neyrinck AM, Delzenne NM, Knauf C, Cani PD. Gut microbiota controls adipose tissue expansion, gut barrier and glucose metabolism: novel insights into molecular targets and interventions using prebiotics. Benefic Microbes. 2014;5(1):3–17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Zhang W-Q, Zhao T-T, Gui D-K, Gao C-L, Gu J-L, Gan W-J, et al. Sodium butyrate improves liver glycogen metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Agric Food Chem. 2019;67(27):7694–705.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Den Besten G, Bleeker A, Gerding A, van Eunen K, Havinga R, van Dijk TH, et al. Short-chain fatty acids protect against high-fat diet–induced obesity via a PPARγ-dependent switch from lipogenesis to fat oxidation. Diabetes. 2015;64(7):2398–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Wahlström A, Sayin SI, Marschall H-U, Bäckhed F. Intestinal crosstalk between bile acids and microbiota and its impact on host metabolism. Cell Metab. 2016;24(1):41–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Parséus A, Sommer N, Sommer F, Caesar R, Molinaro A, Ståhlman M, et al. Microbiota-induced obesity requires farnesoid X receptor. Gut. 2017;66(3):429–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Vael C, Verhulst SL, Nelen V, Goossens H, Desager KN. Intestinal microflora and body mass index during the first three years of life: an observational study. Gut Pathogens. 2011;3(1):1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Ignacio A, Fernandes M, Rodrigues V, Groppo F, Cardoso A, Avila-Campos M, et al. Correlation between body mass index and faecal microbiota from children. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(3):258. e1–e8.

  67. Lv Y, Qin X, Jia H, Chen S, Sun W, Wang X. The association between gut microbiota composition and BMI in Chinese male college students, as analysed by next-generation sequencing. Br J Nutr. 2019;122(9):986–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Qin J, Li Y, Cai Z, Li S, Zhu J, Zhang F, et al. A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes. Nature. 2012;490(7418):55–60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Monga Kravetz A, Testerman T, Galuppo B, Graf J, Pierpont B, Siebel S, et al. Effect of gut microbiota and PNPLA3 rs738409 variant on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese youth. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105(10):e3575–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Zhu L, Baker SS, Gill C, Liu W, Alkhouri R, Baker RD, et al. Characterization of gut microbiomes in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients: a connection between endogenous alcohol and NASH. Hepatology. 2013;57(2):601–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Tricò D, Di Sessa A, Caprio S, Chalasani N, Liu W, Liang T, et al. Oxidized derivatives of linoleic acid in pediatric metabolic syndrome: is their pathogenic role modulated by the genetic background and the gut microbiota? Antioxid Redox Signal. 2019:241–250.

  72. Gallardo-Becerra L, Cornejo-Granados F, García-López R, Valdez-Lara A, Bikel S, Canizales-Quinteros S, et al. Metatranscriptomic analysis to define the Secrebiome, and 16S rRNA profiling of the gut microbiome in obesity and metabolic syndrome of Mexican children. Microb Cell Fact. 2020;19(1):1–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Del Chierico F, Manco M, Gardini S, Guarrasi V, Russo A, Bianchi M, et al. Fecal microbiota signatures of insulin resistance, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome in youth with obesity: a pilot study. Acta Diabetol. 2021;58(8):1009–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. Diabetes, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed on September 30, 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/research/reports/children-diabetes-rates-rise.html.

  75. Divers J, Mayer-Davis EJ, Lawrence JM, Isom S, Dabelea D, Dolan L, et al. Trends in incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among youths—selected counties and Indian reservations, United States, 2002–2015. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(6):161.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Larsen N, Vogensen FK, Van Den Berg FW, Nielsen DS, Andreasen AS, Pedersen BK, et al. Gut microbiota in human adults with type 2 diabetes differs from non-diabetic adults. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(2):e9085.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Nilsson A, Akrami R, Lee YS, De Vadder F, Arora T, et al. Dietary fiber-induced improvement in glucose metabolism is associated with increased abundance of Prevotella. Cell Metab. 2015;22(6):971–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Adachi K, Sugiyama T, Yamaguchi Y, Tamura Y, Izawa S, Hijikata Y, et al. Gut microbiota disorders cause type 2 diabetes mellitus and homeostatic disturbances in gut-related metabolism in Japanese subjects. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2019:18–101.

  79. Nookaew KFTV, Bergström I, Behre G, Fagerberg CJ, Nielsen B, Bäckhed J F. Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control. Nature. 2013;498:99–103.

  80. Kwan S-Y, Sabotta CM, Joon A, Wei P, Petty LE, Below JE, et al. Gut Microbiome Alterations Associated with Diabetes in Mexican Americans in South Texas. Msystems. 2022:e00033–22.

  81. De La Cuesta-Zuluaga J, Mueller NT, Corrales-Agudelo V, Velásquez-Mejía EP, Carmona JA, Abad JM, et al. Metformin is associated with higher relative abundance of mucin-degrading Akkermansia muciniphila and several short-chain fatty acid–producing microbiota in the gut. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(1):54–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; national heart, lung, and blood institute; American heart association; world heart federation; international atherosclerosis society; and international association for the study of obesity. Circulation. 2009;120(16):1640–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Guo Y, Luo S, Ye Y, Yin S, Fan J, Xia M. Intermittent fasting improves cardiometabolic risk factors and alters gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;106(1):64–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Guevara-Cruz M, Flores-López AG, Aguilar-López M, Sánchez-Tapia M, Medina-Vera I, Díaz D, et al. Improvement of lipoprotein profile and metabolic endotoxemia by a lifestyle intervention that modifies the gut microbiota in subjects with metabolic syndrome. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019;8(17):e012401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Baffy G. Kupffer cells in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the emerging view. J Hepatol. 2009;51(1):212–23.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Abu-Shanab A, Quigley EM. The role of the gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;7(12):691–701.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Arslan N. Obesity, fatty liver disease and intestinal microbiota. World J Gastroenterol: WJG. 2014;20(44):16452.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Vaure C, Liu Y. A comparative review of toll-like receptor 4 expression and functionality in different animal species. Front Immunol. 2014;5:316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Quigley EM, Monsour HP, editors. The gut microbiota and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Seminars in Liver Disease; 2015: Thieme Medical Publishers.

  90. Jiang W, Wu N, Wang X, Chi Y, Zhang Y, Qiu X, et al. Dysbiosis gut microbiota associated with inflammation and impaired mucosal immune function in intestine of humans with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Sci Rep. 2015;5(1):1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  91. LA David MC, Carmody RN, Gootenberg DB, Button JE, Wolfe BE, Ling AV, Devlin AS, Varma Y, Fischbach MA, Biddinger SB, Dutton RJ, Turnbaugh PJ. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome. Nature. 2014;505(7484):559–63.

  92. Zhang CZM, Wang S, Han R, Cao Y, Hua W, Mao Y, Zhang X, Pang X, Wei C, Zhao G. Interactions between gut microbiota, host genetics and diet relevant to development of metabolic syndromes in mice. ISME J. 2010;4:232–41.

  93. Del Chierico FVP, Dallapiccola B, Putignani L. Mediterranean diet and health: food effects on gut microbiota and disease control. Int J Mol Sci. 2014;15:1678–99.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Haro C M-BM, Rangel-Zúñiga OA, Alcalá-Díaz JF, Gómez-Delgado F, Pérez-Martínez P, Delgado-Lista J, Quintana-Navarro GM, Tinahones FJ, Landa BB, López-Miranda J, Camargo A, Pérez-Jiménez F. Two Healthy Diets Modulate Gut Microbial Community Improving Insulin Sensitivity in a Human Obese Population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;10:233–42.

  95. De Filippis F PN, Vannini L, Jeffery IB, La Storia A, Laghi L, Serrazanetti DI, Di Cagno R, Ferrocino I, Lazzi C, Turroni S. High-level adherence to a Mediterranean diet beneficially impacts the gut microbiota and associated metabolome. Gut. 2016;65:1812–21.

  96. Fava FRGR, Griffin BA, Gibson GR, Tuohy KM, Lovegrove JA. The type and quantity of dietary fat and carbohydrate alter faecal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid excretion in a metabolic syndrome ‘at-risk’population. Int J Obes. 2013;37:216–23.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Oh N, Lee J, Kim H, Kwon M, Seo J, Roh S. Comparison of Cell-Free Extracts from Three Newly Identified Lactobacillus plantarum Strains on the Inhibitory Effect of Adipogenic Differentiation and Insulin Resistance in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. BioMed Res Int. 2021. p. 2021.

  98. Andreasen AS, Larsen N, Pedersen-Skovsgaard T, Berg RM, Møller K, Svendsen KD, et al. Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM on insulin sensitivity and the systemic inflammatory response in human subjects. Br J Nutr. 2010;104(12):1831–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Stenman L, Waget A, Garret C, Klopp P, Burcelin R, Lahtinen S. Potential probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis 420 prevents weight gain and glucose intolerance in diet-induced obese mice. Benefic Microbes. 2014;5(4):437–45.

  100. Sharpton SR, Maraj B, Harding-Theobald E, Vittinghoff E, Terrault NA. Gut microbiome–targeted therapies in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019;110(1):139–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Dornas W, Lagente V. Intestinally derived bacterial products stimulate development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Pharmacol Res. 2019;141:418–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  102. Depommier C, Everard A, Druart C, Plovier H, Van Hul M, Vieira-Silva S, et al. Supplementation with Akkermansia muciniphila in overweight and obese human volunteers: a proof-of-concept exploratory study. Nat Med. 2019;25(7):1096–103.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Dao MC, Everard A, Aron-Wisnewsky J, Sokolovska N, Prifti E, Verger EO, et al. Akkermansia muciniphila and improved metabolic health during a dietary intervention in obesity: relationship with gut microbiome richness and ecology. Gut. 2016;65(3):426–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Deng L, Ou Z, Huang D, Li C, Lu Z, Liu W, et al. Diverse effects of different Akkermansia muciniphila genotypes on Brown adipose tissue inflammation and whitening in a high-fat-diet murine model. Microb Pathog. 2020;147:104353.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Everard A, Cani PD. Diabetes, obesity and gut microbiota. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2013;27(1):73–83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Eslick S, Thompson C, Berthon B, Wood L. Short-chain fatty acids as anti-inflammatory agents in overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev. 2022;80(4):838–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. Perraudeau F, McMurdie P, Bullard J, Cheng A, Cutcliffe C, Deo A, et al. Improvements to postprandial glucose control in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter, double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial of a novel probiotic formulation. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2020;8(1):e001319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  108. Zhang F, Cui B, He X, Nie Y, Wu K, Fan D. Microbiota transplantation: concept, methodology and strategy for its modernization. Protein Cell. 2018;9(5):462–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. Kootte RS, Levin E, Salojärvi J, Smits LP, Hartstra AV, Udayappan SD, et al. Improvement of insulin sensitivity after lean donor feces in metabolic syndrome is driven by baseline intestinal microbiota composition. Cell Metab. 2017;26(4):611–9. e6.

  110. Smits LP, Kootte RS, Levin E, Prodan A, Fuentes S, Zoetendal EG, et al. Effect of vegan fecal microbiota transplantation on carnitine-and choline-derived trimethylamine-N-oxide production and vascular inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(7):e008342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  111. Allegretti JR, Kassam Z, Mullish BH, Chiang A, Carrellas M, Hurtado J, et al. Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation with oral capsules in obese patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18(4):855–63. e2.

  112. Borody TJ, Clancy A. Fecal microbiota transplantation for ulcerative colitis—where to from here? Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;4.

  113. Kelly CR, Kahn S, Kashyap P, Laine L, Rubin D, Atreja A, et al. Update on fecal microbiota transplantation 2015: indications, methodologies, mechanisms, and outlook. Gastroenterology. 2015;149(1):223–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  114. Vrieze A, Van Nood E, Holleman F, Salojärvi J, Kootte RS, Bartelsman JF, et al. Transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2012;143(4):913–6. e7.

  115. Kong C, Gao R, Yan X, Huang L, Qin H. Probiotics improve gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese mice fed a high-fat or high-sucrose diet. Nutrition. 2019;60:175–84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Roshanravan N, Mahdavi R, Jafarabadi MA, Alizadeh E, Ghavami A, Saadat YR, et al. The effects of sodium butyrate and high-performance inulin supplementation on the promotion of gut bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila growth and alterations in miR-375 and KLF5 expression in type 2 diabetic patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Integr Med. 2018;18:1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  117. Wang H, Lu Y, Yan Y, Tian S, Zheng D, Leng D, et al. Promising treatment for type 2 diabetes: fecal microbiota transplantation reverses insulin resistance and impaired islets. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020;9:455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. Sato J, Kanazawa A, Azuma K, Ikeda F, Goto H, Komiya K, et al. Probiotic reduces bacterial translocation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomised controlled study. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics (Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology), UH Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Senthilkumar Sankararaman, Sujithra Velayuthan & Thomas Sferra

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Kimberly Noriega

  3. Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA

    Robert Martindale

Authors
  1. Senthilkumar Sankararaman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kimberly Noriega
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sujithra Velayuthan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Thomas Sferra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Robert Martindale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Senthilkumar Sankararaman.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Nutrition and Obesity.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sankararaman, S., Noriega, K., Velayuthan, S. et al. Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Obesity and Obesity-Related Disorders. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 25, 31–44 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-022-00859-0

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-022-00859-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation