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Femoral head segmentation based on improved fully convolutional neural network for ultrasound images

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Abstract

Developmental dysplasia of the hip is a medical term representing the hip joint instability that appears mainly in infants. The assessment metric of physician is based on the femoral head coverage rate, which needs to segment the femoral head area in 2D ultrasound images. In this paper, we propose an approach to automatically segment the femoral head. The proposed method consists of two parts, firstly, mean filtering, morphological processing and least squares operation are used to detect the ilium and acetabular bone baseline to coarsely obtain the region of interest of the femoral head, then followed by an improved fully convolutional neural network named FNet which integrates the convolution encoder–decoder architecture, pooling indices and residual connection operation for more accurate segmentation. FNet is trained in a cascaded way, which can help the network learn more features with a limited dataset and thus further improve the segmentation performance. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieved an average dice, recall and IoU value of 0.946, 0.937 and 0.897. Moreover, the features learned by convolutional layers are visualized to demonstrate that FNet can focus on significant features, which is helpful to restore the contour of the femoral head more precisely. In conclusion, the proposed method is capable of segmenting femoral head accurately and guiding the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Shenzhen Children’s Hospital for providing data to support this project. This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0110700), National Natural Science Foundation of China (61771056), Key projects of Beijing Natural Science Foundation (4161004) and Beijing Science and Technology Plan Project (Z161100000216143, Z171100000117001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China

    Lei Chen, Yutao Cui & Hong Song

  2. Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China

    Bingxuan Huang & Bei Xia

  3. School of Optics and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China

    Jian Yang

  4. Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China

    Di Zhao

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  1. Lei Chen
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  2. Yutao Cui
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  4. Bingxuan Huang
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  7. Bei Xia
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Correspondence to Hong Song.

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Chen, L., Cui, Y., Song, H. et al. Femoral head segmentation based on improved fully convolutional neural network for ultrasound images. SIViP 14, 1043–1051 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-020-01637-z

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