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Imaging of metabolic and overload disorders in tissues and organs

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Abstract

Metabolic and overload disorders are a heterogeneous group of relatively uncommon but important diseases. While imaging plays a key role in the early detection and accurate diagnosis in specific organs with a pivotal role in several metabolic pathways, most of these diseases affect different tissues as part of a systemic syndromes. Moreover, since the symptoms are often vague and phenotypes similar, imaging alterations can present as incidental findings, which must be recognized and interpreted in the light of further biochemical and histological investigations. Among imaging modalities, MRI allows, thanks to its multiparametric properties, to obtain numerous information on tissue composition, but many metabolic and accumulation alterations require a multimodal evaluation, possibly using advanced imaging techniques and sequences, not only for the detection but also for accurate characterization and quantification. The purpose of this review is to describe the different alterations resulting from metabolic and overload pathologies in organs and tissues throughout the body, with particular reference to imaging findings.

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Author notes

  1. Federico Bruno and Domenico Albano have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM), SIRM Foundation, Milan, Italy

    Federico Bruno, Domenico Albano, Diletta Cozzi, Giuliana Giacobbe, Giulia Grazzini, Pierpaolo Palumbo, Roberta Grassi, Vittorio Miele & Antonio Barile

  2. Emergency Radiology, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Lorenzo Natali 1, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy

    Federico Bruno

  3. IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

    Domenico Albano & Carmelo Messina

  4. Department of Clinical Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

    Andrea Agostini & Alessandra Bruno

  5. Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy

    Andrea Agostini & Andrea Giovagnoni

  6. Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia, Oncologia ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    Massimo Benenati

  7. Dipartimento Di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze E Diagnostica Avanzata, Sezione Di Scienze Radiologiche, Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy

    Roberto Cannella

  8. Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

    Roberto Cannella

  9. Radiology Unit, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome-Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy

    Damiano Caruso

  10. Department of Radiology, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy

    Michaela Cellina

  11. Department of Emergency Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy

    Diletta Cozzi, Ginevra Danti, Giulia Grazzini & Vittorio Miele

  12. Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy

    Federica De Muzio

  13. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena and Department of Radiological Sciences, Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy

    Francesco Gentili

  14. Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

    Giuliana Giacobbe, Francesca Grassi & Roberta Grassi

  15. Dipartimento Di Scienze Biomediche Per La Salute, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy

    Salvatore Gitto

  16. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Neuroradiology, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy

    Irene Grazzini

  17. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Carmelo Messina

  18. Experimental Imaging Center, School of Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy

    Anna Palmisano

  19. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Abruzzo Health Unit 1, Area of Cardiovascular and Interventional Imaging, L’Aquila, Italy

    Pierpaolo Palumbo

  20. Medical Oncology Division, Igea SpA, Naples, Italy

    Roberta Fusco

  21. Division of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale-IRCCS Di Napoli, Naples, Italy

    Vincenza Granata

  22. Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital “Umberto I-Lancisi-Salesi”, Ancona, Italy

    Andrea Giovagnoni

  23. Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy

    Antonio Barile

Authors
  1. Federico Bruno
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  2. Domenico Albano
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  3. Andrea Agostini
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  5. Roberto Cannella
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  6. Damiano Caruso
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  7. Michaela Cellina
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  10. Federica De Muzio
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  19. Alessandra Bruno
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  23. Vincenza Granata
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  24. Andrea Giovagnoni
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  25. Vittorio Miele
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  26. Antonio Barile
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Consortia

on behalf of the Young SIRM Working Group

Contributions

FB and DA had the idea for the article. All authors critically revised the manuscript, commented on drafts of the manuscript, and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Federico Bruno.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Bruno, F., Albano, D., Agostini, A. et al. Imaging of metabolic and overload disorders in tissues and organs. Jpn J Radiol 41, 571–595 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-022-01379-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-022-01379-7

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