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Epigenetic characterization of chromatin in cycling cells of pedunculate oak, Quercus robur L.

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Abstract

Cycling cells of Quercus robur have a simple nuclear organization where most of the heterochromatin is visible as DAPI-positive chromocenters, which correspond to DAPI bands at the (peri)centromeric region of each of the 24 chromosomes of the oak complement. Immunofluorescence using 5-mC revealed dispersed distribution of the signal throughout the interphase nucleus/chromosomes without enrichment within DAPI-positive chromocenters/bands, suggesting that DNA methylation was not restricted to constitutive heterochromatin, but was associated with both euchromatic and heterochromatic domains. While H3K9ac exhibited typical euchromatin-specific distribution, the distributional pattern of histone methylation marks H3K9me1, H3K27me2, and H3K4me3 showed some specificity. The H3K9me1 and H3K27me2, both heterochromatin-associated marks, were not restricted to chromocenters, but showed additional dispersed distribution within euchromatin, while H3K27me2 mark also clustered in foci that did not co-localize with chromocenters. Surprisingly, even though H3K4me3 was distributed in the entire chromatin, many chromocenters were enriched with this euchromatin-specific modification. We discuss the distribution of the epigenetic marks in the context of the genome composition and lifestyle of Q. robur.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport Grant 119-1191196-1224 and by AUF (Agence Universitaire de Francophonie) PSCI Grant. We thank the anonymous reviewers who contributed to the improvement of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia

    V. Vičić, D. Barišić, T. Horvat, I. Biruš & Vlatka Zoldos

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  1. V. Vičić
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  2. D. Barišić
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  3. T. Horvat
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Correspondence to Vlatka Zoldos.

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Communicated by A. Kremer

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Supplementary Fig. S1

Immunolocalization of histone modification marks in A. thaliana interphase nuclei. Scale bar is 5 μm (JPEG 297 kb)

High resolution image (EPS 6967 kb)

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Vičić, V., Barišić, D., Horvat, T. et al. Epigenetic characterization of chromatin in cycling cells of pedunculate oak, Quercus robur L.. Tree Genetics & Genomes 9, 1247–1256 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-013-0632-x

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