Abstract
For 5G applications, a novel 4-port linearly polarized multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) proximity coupled antenna is presented and discussed. The orthogonal arrangement of the antenna components enables us to achieve more than 30 dB isolation. FEM-based Ansys high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) electromagnetic solver is used for the modeling and simulation of this module. The suggested antenna works at a single frequency band, 5.35–5.60 GHz, thereby addressing the critical sub-6 GHz regions for 5G outdoor applications. The significant difference between co-polarization and cross-polarization levels justifies the radiation attributes of the antenna. The envelope correlation coefficient and diversity gain are calculated to justify its MIMO antenna performance. At resonating frequency, positive gain value and radiation efficiency of more than 80% are recorded. Fabricated antenna results are found in consonance with the simulated results.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availabilty
Not applicable.
References
Nadeem, Q.-U.-A., Kammoun, A., Debbah, M., & Alouini, M.-S. (2018). Design of 5G full dimension massive MIMO systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 66(2), 726–740. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2762685
Ojaroudiparchin, N., Shen, M., & Pedersen, G. F. (2015). Multi-layer 5G mobile phone antenna for multi-user MIMO communications. In 2015 23rd Telecommunications Forum Telfor (TELFOR) (pp. 559–562). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/TELFOR.2015.7377529
Osseiran, A., Boccardi, F., Braun, V., Kusume, K., Marsch, P., Maternia, M., Queseth, O., Schellmann, M., Schotten, H., Taoka, H., Tullberg, H., Uusitalo, M. A., Timus, B., & Fallgren, M. (2014). Scenarios for 5G mobile and wireless communications: the vision of the METIS project. IEEE Communications Magazine, 52(5), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2014.6815890
Singh, V., Mishra, B., & Singh, R. (2019). Anchor shape gap coupled patch antenna for WiMAX and WLAN applications. COMPEL—The international Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 38(1), 263–286. https://doi.org/10.1108/COMPEL-12-2017-0546
Dwivedi, A. K., Sharma, A., Singh, A. K., & Singh, V. (2022). Novel design of cylindrical DRA built MIMO antenna for 5G future prospective covering (n78/n79) bands (pp. 79–88). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2761-3_7
Desai, A., Palandoken, M., Kulkarni, J., Byun, G., & Nguyen, T. K. (2021). Wideband flexible/transparent connected-ground MIMO Antennas for Sub-6 GHz 5G and WLAN applications. IEEE Access, 9, 147003–147015. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3123366
Sghaier, N., & Latrach, L. (2021). Design and analysis of wideband MIMO antenna arrays for 5G smartphone application. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078721000659
Dwivedi, A. K., Sharma, A., Pandey, A. K., & Singh, V. (2021). Two port circularly polarized MIMO antenna design and investigation for 5G communication systems. Wireless Personal Communications, 120(3), 2085–2099. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08461-9
Saxena, S., Kanaujia, B. K., Dwari, S., Kumar, S., Choi, H. C., & Kim, K. W. (2020). Planar four-port dual circularly-polarized MIMO antenna for Sub-6 GHz band. IEEE Access, 8, 90779–90791. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2993897
Rajkumar, S., Vivek Sivaraman, N., Murali, S., & Selvan, K. T. (2017). Heptaband swastik arm antenna for MIMO applications. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, 11(9), 1255–1261. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2016.1098
Ramachandran, A., Mathew, S., Rajan, V., & Kesavath, V. (2017). A compact triband quad-element MIMO antenna using SRR ring for high isolation. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 16, 1409–1412. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2016.2640305
Wang, S., Hwang, L., Lee, C., Hsu, C., & Chang, F. (2015). MIMO antenna design with built-in decoupling mechanism for WLAN dual-band applications. Electronics Letters, 51(13), 966–968. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2014.4352
Dwivedi, A. K., Sharma, A., Singh, A. K., & Singh, V. (2020). Quad-port ring dielectric resonator based MIMO radiator with polarization and space diversity. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 62(6), 2316–2327. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.32329
Sharawi, M. S. (2013). Printed multi-band MIMO antenna systems and their performance metrics [wireless corner]. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 55(5), 218–232. https://doi.org/10.1109/MAP.2013.6735522
Funding
No funds, grants, or other support was received.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Conceptualization and methodology [NKN]; writing—revised draft preparation: [KKVP]; Analysis and investigation: [KKVP]; writing—original draft preparation and supervision: [NKN].
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
There are no potential conflict of interest.
Consent for Publication
I, Nagesh Kallollu Narayanaswamy, give my consent for the publication of identifiable details, which can include a photograph(s) and/or videos and/or figures and/or details within the text (“Material”) to be published in the above Journal and Article.
Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate
Not applicable.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Varma Penmatsa, K.K., Narayanaswamy, N.K. Split Ring Loaded Quad Port MIMO Antenna for LTE-46/LTE-U Bands of Sub-6 GHz. Wireless Pers Commun 131, 1381–1392 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10487-0
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10487-0