Abstract
Fiber-optic communication systems predominantly when employ in the nonlinear regime, generally do not perform truly as theory would speculate. This paper researched the theoretical model, power budget and transmission power penalties of the high capacity long haul optical network under the influence of nonlinear impairments. The presume model is affirmed using important nonlinear factors like effective area, launch power, received power, refractive index and length of the fiber. The power budget and transmission performance of the high capacity long haul optical network are analyzed on the basis of bit error rate and optical signal noise to ratio against launch power, length of the fiber, effective area and nonlinear refractive index. The simulation results manifest significant impact of nonlinear impairments on power budget and transmission power penalties of the high capacity long haul optical networks.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agrawal, G. P. (2013). Nonlinear fiber optics (5th ed.). New York: Academic Press.
Boyd, R. W. (2008). Nonlinear optics (3rd ed.). London: Academic Press Inc.
Semrau, Daniel. (2018). The impact of transceiver noise on digital nonlinearity compensation. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 36(3), 695–702.
Dar, R., & Feder, M. (2015). Inter-channel nonlinear interference noise in WDM systems: modeling and mitigation. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 33(5), 1044–1053.
Shtaif, M., Dar, R., Mecozzi, A., & Feder, M. (2014). Nonlinear interference noise in WDM systems and approaches for its cancelation. In Proceeding of European conference on optical communications (ECOC), Cannes.
Dar, R., Feder, M., Mecozzi, A., & Shtaif, M. (2014). Accumulation of nonlinear interference noise in fiber-optic systems. Optics Express, 22, 14199–14211.
Dar, R., Geller, O., Feder, M., Mecozzi, A., & Shtaif, M. (2014). Mitigation of inter-channel nonlinear interference in WDM systems. In Proceeding of European conference on optical communications (ECOC), Cannes.
Dar, R., & Winzer, P. J. (2017). Nonlinear interference mitigation: methods and potential gain. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 35(4), 903–930.
Marsella, D., Secondini, M., Agrell, E., & Forestieri, F. (2015). A simplestrategy for mitigating XPM in proceeding of nonlinear WDM optical systems. In Optical fiber communication conference (OFC), Optical Society of America.
Zhu, P., & Li, J. (2016). Dispersion-tolerant upstream PON transmission scheme with improved power budget based on optical carrier suppression. In: Proceeding of 15th international conference on optical communications and networks (ICOCN), Hangzhou, China.
Khan, Y. (2014). Power budget analysis of colorless hybrid WDM/TDM-PON scheme using downstream DPSK and re-modulated upstream OOK data signals. Journal of Optical Communications, 35(3), 231–237.
Qiu, M., Zhuge, Q., Chagnon, M., Gao, Y., Xu, X., Morsy-Osman, M., et al. (2014). Digital subcarrier multiplexing for fiber nonlinearity mitigation in coherent optical communication systems. Optics Express, 22, 18770–18777.
Serena, P. (2016). Nonlinear signal noise interaction in optical links with nonlinear equalization. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 34, 1476–1483.
Lin, B., & Li, J. (2014). Effect of fiber nonlinearity on the power budget for direct detection OFDM-PON. In Proceeding of IEEE/CIC international conference on communications in China (ICCC).
Yousefi, M. I., & Kschischang, F. R. (2014). Information transmission using the nonlinear Fourier transform, part I: Mathematical tools. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 60, 4312–4328.
Wahls, S., & Poor, H. V. (2015). Fast numerical nonlinear Fourier transforms. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 61, 6957–6974.
Eliasson, H., Johannisson, P., Karlsson, M., & Andrekson, P. A. (2015). Mitigation of nonlinearities using conjugate data repetition. Optics Express, 23, 2392–2402.
Le, S. T., Prilepsky, J. E., & Turitsyn, S. K. (2014). Nonlinear inverse synthesis for high spectral efficiency transmission in optical fibers. Optics Express, 22, 26720–26741.
Yankov, M. P., Fehenberger, T., & Barletta, L. (2015). Low complexity tracking of laser and nonlinear phase noise in WDM optical fiber systems. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 33, 4975–4984.
Lin, C., Chandrasekhar, S., Winzer, P. J. (2015). Experimental study of the limits of digital nonlinearity compensation in DWDM systems. In Proceeding of optical fiber communication conference (OFC), Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA.
Golani, O., Dar, R., Feder, M., & Shtaif, M. (2016). Modeling the bit-error-rate performance of nonlinear fiber-optic systems. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 34, 3482–3489.
Dar, R., Feder, M., Mecozzi, A., & Shtaif, M. (2016). Pulse collision picture of inter-channel nonlinear interference noise in fiber-optic communications. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 34, 593–607.
Ali, F., Khan, Y., Ali, A., et al. (2018). Minimization of nonlinear impairments and its impact on transmission performances of high-capacity long-haul optical networks. Journal of Optical Communications. https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2018-0092.
Keiser, G. (2008). Optical fiber communication (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
http://harrisbroadcast.com/applicationnotes/fiberoptics/calculator/default.asp.
Fujita, M. J., Ramesh, S. K., & Russell, L. (2003). Fiber optic communication link design. California.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khan, Y., Ali, F. & Ali, A. Impact of Nonlinear Impairments on Power Budget and Transmission Power Penalties in High Capacity Long Haul Optical Networks. Wireless Pers Commun 106, 1001–1013 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06200-9
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06200-9