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Burkholderia cepacia XXVI siderophore with biocontrol capacity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

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Abstract

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is the causal agent of anthracnose in mango. Burkholderia cepacia XXVI, isolated from mango rhizosphere and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as a member of B. cepacia complex, was more effective than 6 other mango rhizosphere bacteria in inhibiting the model mango pathogen, C. gloeosporioides ATCC MYA 456. Biocontrol of this pathogen was demonstrated on Petri-dishes containing PDA by > 90 % reduction of surface colonization. The nature of the biocontrol metabolite(s) was characterized via a variety of tests. The inhibition was almost exclusively due to production of agar-diffusible, not volatile, metabolite(s). The diffusible metabolite(s) underwent thermal degradation at 70 and 121 °C (1 atm). Tests for indole acetic acid production and lytic enzyme activities (cellulase, glucanase and chitinase) by B. cepacia XXVI were negative, indicating that these metabolites were not involved in the biocontrol effect. Based on halo formation and growth inhibition of the pathogen on the diagnostic medium, CAS-agar, as well as colorimetric tests we surmised that strain XXVI produced a hydroxamate siderophore involved in the biocontrol effect observed. The minimal inhibitory concentration test showed that 0.64 μg ml−1 of siderophore (Deferoxamine mesylate salt-equivalent) was sufficient to achieve 91.1 % inhibition of the pathogen growth on Petri-dishes containing PDA. The biocontrol capacity against C. gloeosporioides ATCC MYA 456 correlated directly with the siderophore production by B. cepacia XXVI: the highest concentration of siderophore production in PDB on day 7, 1.7 μg ml−1 (Deferoxamine mesylate salt-equivalent), promoted a pathogen growth inhibition of 94.9 %. The growth of 5 additional strains of C. gloeosporioides (isolated from mango “Ataulfo” orchards located in the municipality of Chahuites, State of Oaxaca in Mexico) was also inhibited when confronted with B. cepacia XXVI. Results indicate that B. cepacia XXVI or its siderophore have the potential to be used as a biological control agent against C. gloeosporioides; thus diminishing environmental problems caused by the current practices to control this disease.

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Acknowledgments

We express our thanks to Dr. Eugene L. Madsen for his valuable help in the proper use of the English language. We extend our thanks to the Referees (anonymus) for suggestions which improved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-IPN, Unidad Irapuato, 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

    Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos, Guadalupe Coyolxauhqui Barrera-Galicia & Juan José Peña-Cabriales

  2. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias (INIFAP), Apatzingán, Michoacan, Mexico

    Mario Alberto Miranda-Salcedo

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  1. Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos
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  2. Guadalupe Coyolxauhqui Barrera-Galicia
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  3. Mario Alberto Miranda-Salcedo
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  4. Juan José Peña-Cabriales
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Correspondence to Juan José Peña-Cabriales.

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de los Santos-Villalobos, S., Barrera-Galicia, G.C., Miranda-Salcedo, M.A. et al. Burkholderia cepacia XXVI siderophore with biocontrol capacity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides . World J Microbiol Biotechnol 28, 2615–2623 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-012-1071-9

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