Abstract
Wikipedia has grown to be the biggest online encyclopedia in terms of comprehensiveness, reach and coverage. However, although different websites and social network platforms have received considerable academic attention, Wikipedia has largely gone unnoticed. In this study, we fill this research gap by investigating how Wikipedia is used in scholarly publications since its launch in 2001. More specifically, we review and analyze the intellectual structure of Wikipedia’s scholarly publications based on 3790 Web of Science core collection documents written by 10,636 authors from 100 countries over two decades (2001–2021). Results show that the most influential outlets publishing Wikipedia research include journals such as Plos one, Nucleic Acids Research, the Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, IEEE Access, and Information Processing and Management. Results also show that the author collaboration network is very sparsely connected, indicating the absence of close collaboration among the authors in the field. Furthermore, results reveal that the Wikipedia research institutions’ collaboration network reflects a North–South divide as very limited cooperation occurs between developed and developing countries’ institutions. Finally, the multiple correspondence analysis applied to obtain the Wikipedia research conceptual map reveals the breadth, diversity, and intellectual thrust of the Wikipedia’s scholarly publications. Our analysis has far-reaching implications for aspiring researchers interested in Wikipedia research as we retrospectively trace the evolution in research output over the last two decades, establish linkages between the authors and articles, and reveal trending topics/hotspots within the broad theme of Wikipedia research.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ajiferuke, I., Burrel, Q., Tague, J.: Collaborative coefficient: a single measure of the degree of collaboration in research. Scientometrics 14, 421–433 (1988)
Aleixandre, J., Aleixandre-Tudo, J., Bolanos-Pizarro, M., Aleixandre-Benavent, R.: Mapping the scientific research in organic farming: a bibliometric review. Scientometrics 105, 295–309 (2015)
Al-Khalifa, H.: Scientometric assessment of Saudi publication productivity in computer science in the period of 1978–2012. Int. J. Web Inf. Syst. 10, 194–208 (2014)
Arazy, O., Nov, O., Patterson, R., Yeo, L.: Information quality in Wikipedia: the effects of group composition and task conflict. J. Manag. Inf. Syst. 27, 71–98 (2011)
Aria, M., Cuccurullo, C.: Bibliometrix: An R-Tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. J. Inform. 11, 959–975 (2017)
Aryadoust, V., Ang, B: Exploring the frontiers of eye tracking research in language studies: a novel co-citation scientometric review. Comput. Assist. Lang. Learn. (Forthcoming)
Ávila-Robinson, A., Wakabayashi, N.: Changes in the structures and directions of destination management and marketing research: a bibliometric mapping study, 2005–2016. J. Destin. Mark. Manag. 10, 101–111 (2018)
Azad, H., Deepak, A.: A new approach for query expansion using Wikipedia and WordNet. Inf. Sci. 492, 147–163 (2019)
Baker, H., Kumar, S., Pandey, N.: Abibliometric analysis of managerial finance: a retrospective. Manag. Finance 46, 1495–1517 (2020)
Bakshy, E., Hofman, J., Mason, W., Watts, D.: Everyone’s an influencer. In: King, I., Nejdl, W., Li, H. (eds.) Proceedings of the 4th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining – WSDM’11, p. 65. ACM Press, New York (2011)
Banckendorff, P.: Themes and trends in Australian and New Zealand tourism research: a social network analysis of citations in two leading journals (1994–2007). J. Hosp. Tour. Manag. 16, 1–15 (2009)
Barabasi, A., Jeong, H., Neda, Z., Ravasz, E., Schubert, A., Vicsek, T.: Evolution of the social network of scientific collaboration. Phys. A 311, 590–614 (2000)
Behrendt, S., Peter, F., Zimmermann, D.: An encyclopedia for stock markets? Wikipedia searches and stock returns. Int. Rev. Financ. Anal. 72, 101563 (2020)
Block, J., Fisch, C., Rehan, F.: Religion and entrepreneurship: a map of the field and a bibliometric analysis. Manag. Rev. q. 70, 591–627 (2020)
Bouzembrak, Y., Kluche, M., Gavai, A., Marvin, H.: Internet of Things in food safety: literature review and a bibliometric analysis. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 94, 54–64 (2019)
-Brazzeal, B.: Citations to Wikipedia in chemistry journals: a preliminary study. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, 67 (http://www.istl.org/11-fall/refereed2.html) (2011)
Brown, A.: Wikipedia as a data source for political scientists: Accuracy and completeness of coverage. Polit. Sci. Polit. 44, 339–343 (2011)
Burt, R.: Structural Holes. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA (1992)
Burt, R.: The social capital of opinion leaders. Ann. Am. Acad. Pol. Soc. Sci. 566, 37–54 (1999)
Cai, K., Spangler, S., Chen, Y., Zhang, L.: Leveraging sentiment analysis for topic detection. Web Intell. Agent Syst. 8, 291–302 (2010)
Callon, M., Courtial, J., Laville, F.: Co-word analysis as a tool for describing the network of interactions between basic and technological research: the case of polymer chemistry. Scientometrics 22, 155–205 (1991)
Chen, C.: Visualization of knowledge structures. Handb. Softw. Eng. Knowl. Eng. 2, 700–744 (2002)
Chen, C., Leydesdorff, L.: Patterns of connections and movements in dual-map overlays: a new method of publication portfolio analysis. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. 65, 334–351 (2014)
Chen, X., Liu, Y.: Visualization analysis of high-speed railway research based on CiteSpace. Transp. Policy 85, 1–17 (2020)
Chen, C., Paul, R.: Visualizing a knowledge domain’s intellectual structure. Computer 34, 65–71 (2001)
Chen, C., Song, I., Yuan, X., Zhang, J.: The thematic and citation landscape of data and knowledge engineering (1985–2007). Data Knowl. Eng. 67, 234–250 (2008)
Chen, C., Hu, Z., Liu, S., Tseng, H.: Emerging trends in regenerative medicine: a scientometric analysis in CiteSpace. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 12, 593–608 (2012)
Chen, C., Dublin, R., Kim, M.: Orphan drugs and rare diseases: a scientometric review (2000–2014). Expert Opin. Orphan Drugs 2, 709–724 (2014)
Chen, X., Zou, D., Xie, H.: Fifty years of British journal of educational technology: a topic modeling based bibliometric perspective. Br. J. Edu. Technol. 51, 692–708 (2020a)
Chen, X., Zou, D., Cheng, G., Xie, H.: Detecting latent topics and trends in educational technologies over four decades using structural topic modeling: a retrospective of all volumes of computers & education. Comput. Educ. 151, 103855 (2020b)
Chen, X., Zou, D., Xie, H., Cheng, G.: Twenty years of personalized language learning: topic modeling and knowledge mapping. Educ. Technol. Soc. 24, 205–222 (2021)
Chi, E.: Using information scent to model user information needs and actions on the web. In Proceedings of the SIGGHI Conference on Human Factor in Computing Systems. ACM, pp. 490–497 (2001)
Chun-Hao, C., Jian-Min, Y.: A bibliometric study of financial risk literature: a historic approach. Appl. Econ. 44, 2827–2839 (2012)
Cobo, M., Lopez-Herrera, A., Herrera-Viedma, E., Herrera, F.: An approach for detecting, quantifying, and visualizing the evolution of a research field: a practical application to the fuzzy sets theory field. J. Informetr. 5, 146–166 (2011a)
Cobo, M., Lopez-Herrera, A., Herrera-Viedma, E., Herrera, F.: Science mapping software tools: review, analysis, and cooperative study among tools. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 62, 1382–1402 (2011b)
Colicchia, C., Creazza, A., Noe, C., Strozzi, F.: Information sharing in supply chains: a review of risks and opportunities using the systematic literature network analysis (SLNA). Supply Chain Manag. 24, 5–21 (2019)
Coquide, C., Emann, L., Lages, J., Shepelyansky, D.: World influence and interactions of universities from Wikipedia networks. Eur. Phys. J. B 92(1), 3 (2019)
Corbet, S., Dowling, M., Gao, X., Huang, S., Lucey, B., Vigne, S.: An analysis of the intellectual structure of research on financial economics of precious metals. Resour. Policy 63, 101416 (2019)
Corte, V., Gaudio, G., Sepe, F.: Ethical food and the Kosher certification: a literature review. Br. Food J. 120, 2270–2288 (2018)
Cress, U., Kimmerle, J.: A systemic and cognitive view on collaborative knowledge building with wikis. Int. J. Comput. Support. Collab. Learn. 3, 105–122 (2008)
Cuccurullo, C., Aria, M., Sarto, F.: Foundations and trends in performance management: a twenty-five years bibliometric analysis in business and public administration domains. Scientometrics 108, 595–611 (2016)
da Silva, S., Antonio, N., Carvalho, J.: Analysis of the service dominant logic network, authors, and articles. Serv. Ind. J. 37, 125–152 (2017)
de la Hoz-Correa, A., Munoz-Leiva, F., Bakuca, M.: Past themes and future trends in medical tourism research: a co-word analysis. Tour. Manag. 65, 200–211 (2018)
Demiroz, F., Haase, T.: The concept of resilience: a bibliographic analysis of the emergency and disaster management literature. Local Gov. Stud. 45, 308–327 (2019)
Dewald, N.: Future voices in public services. Public Serv. Q. 10, 245–251 (2014)
Diekmann, F., Ford, R., Harisson, S., Regnier, E., Venkatesh, R.: Bibliometric analysis of the literature on Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.). J. Agric. Food Inf. 14, 290–320 (2013)
DiMaggio, P., Hargittai, E., Neuman, W., Robinson, J.: Social implications of the internet. Ann. Rev. Sociol. 27, 307–336 (2001)
Ding, Y.: Scientific collaboration and endorsement: network analysis of co-authorship and citation networks. J. Informetr. 5, 187–203 (2011)
Dobusch, L., Kapeller, J.: A guide to paradigmatic self-marginalization: lessons for post-Keynesian economists. Rev. Polit. Econ. 24, 469–487 (2012)
Ezell, J.: Empathy plasticity: decolonizing and reorganizing wikipedia and other online spaces to address racial equity. Ethn. Racial Stud. (Forthcoming)
Fang, Y., Yin, J., Wu, B.: Climate change and tourism: a scientometric analysis using CiteSpace. J. Sustain. Tour. 26, 108–126 (2018)
Findlay, K., van Rensburg, O.: Using interaction networks to map communities on Twitter. Int. J. Mark. Res. 60, 169–189 (2018)
Flanagin, A., Metzger, M.: From encyclopedia britannica to wikipedia. Inf. Commun. Soc. 14, 355–374 (2011)
Forte, A., Larco, V., Bruckman, A.: Decentralization in Wikipedia governance. J MIS 26(1), 49–72 (2009)
Francisco, G., Enrique, C., Bartolome, M., Mercedes, U.: Identifying the ‘knowledge base’ or ‘intellectual structure’ of research on international business, 2000–2015: a citation/co-citation analysis of JIBS. Int. Bus. Rev. 28, 713–726 (2019)
Gaede, J., Rowlands, I.: Visualizing social acceptance research: a bibliometric review of the social acceptance literature for energy technology and fuels. Energy Res. Soc. Sci. 40, 142–158 (2018)
Garfield, E., Malin, M., & Small, H.: Citation data as science indicators. Eds. Y. Elkana, J. Lederberg, R. Merton, R. Thackray, A., & H. Zuckerman, pp. 179–208. Wiley, New York (1978)
Gavel, Y., Iselid, L.: Web of science and scopus: a journal title overlap study. Online Inf. Rev. 32, 8–21 (2008)
Gaviria-Marin, M., Merigo, J., Popa, S.: Twenty years of the journal of knowledge management: a bibliometric analysis. J. Knowl. Manag. 22, 1655–1687 (2018)
Gheisari, M., Esmaeili, B.: Applications and requirements of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) for construction safety. Saf. Sci. 118, 230–240 (2019)
Giles, J.: Internet encyclopedias go head to head. Nature 438, 900–901 (2006)
Glänzel, W., Schubert, A.: Analyzing scientific networks through co-authorship. In: Moed, H., Glanzel, W., Schmoch, U. (eds.) Handbook of Quantitative Science and Technology Research: The Use of Publication and Patent Statistics in Studies of S&T Systems. Springer, Dordrecht (2005)
Glötzl, F., Aigner, E.: Orthodox core-heterodox periphery? Contrasting citation networks of economics departments in Vienna. Rev. Polit. Econ. 30, 210–240 (2018)
Gobel, S., Munzert, S.: Political advertising on the Wikipedia marketplace of information. Soc. Sci. Comput. Rev. 36, 157–175 (2018)
Gonzales-Valiente, C.: Redes de citación de revistas iberoamericanas de bibliotecología y ciencia de la información en Scopus. Bibliotecas Anal. Investig. 15, 83–98 (2019)
Gruzd, A., Wellman, B., Takhteyev, Y.: Imagining Twitter as an imagined community. Am. Behav. Sci. 55, 1294–1318 (2011)
Gupta, R., Pandey, R., Sebastian, V.: International entrepreneurial orientation (IEO): a bibliometric overview of scholarly research. J. Bus. Res. 125, 74–88 (2021)
Haythornthwaite, C.: Social network analysis: An approach and technique for the study of information exchange. Library Inform. Sci. Res. 18, 323–342 (1996)
Himelboim, I., Han, J.: Cancer talk on Twitter: community structure and information sources in breast and prostate cancer social networks. J. Health Commun. 19, 210–225 (2014)
Himelboim, I., Smith, M., Shneiderman, B.: Tweeting apart: applying network analysis to detect selective exposure clusters in Twitter. Commun. Methods Meas. 7, 195–223 (2013)
Hjorland, B.: Citation analysis: a social and dynamic approach to knowledge organization. Inf. Process. Manage 49, 1313–1325 (2013)
Holub, M., Johnson, J.: Bitcoin research across disciplines. Inf. Sci. 34, 114–126 (2018)
Hu, J., Zhang, Y.: Structure and patterns of cross-national big data research collaborations. J. Doc. 73, 1119–1136 (2017)
Jayantha, W., Oladinrin, O.: Knowledge mapping of office workspace: a scientometric review of studies. Facilities (Forthcoming)
Jiang, Y., Bai, W., Zhang, X., Hu, J.: Wikipedia-based information content and semantic similarity computation. Inf. Process. Manag. 53, 248–265 (2017)
Jiang, Y., Ritchie, B., Benckendorff, P.: Bibliometric visualization: an application to tourism crisis and disaster research. Curr. Issue Tour. 22, 1925–1957 (2019)
Jullien, N.: What we know about Wikipedia: a review of the literature analyzing the project(s). 86 (2012)
Keegan, B., Gergle, D., Contractor, N.: Hot off the Wiki: structures and dynamics of Wikipedia’s coverage of breaking news events. Am. Behav. Sci. 57, 595–622 (2013)
Khan, G., Wood, J.: Knowledge networks of the information technology management domain: A social network analysis approach. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. 39, 367–397 (2016)
Khasseh, A., Soheili, F., Moghaddam, N., Chelak, A.: Intellectual structure of knowledge in iMetrivs: a co-word analysis. Inf. Process. Manag. 53, 705–720 (2017)
Kim, M., Chen, C.: A scientometric review of emerging trends and new developments in recommendation systems. Scientometrics 104, 239–263 (2015)
Kim, J., Kim, S., Lee, C.: Anticipating technological convergence: link prediction using Wikipedia hyperlinks. Technovation 79, 25–34 (2019)
Knoke, D., Yang, S.: Social Network Analysis. SAGE, Los Angeles, CA (2010)
Koppen, L., Phillips, J., Papageorgiou, R.: Analysis of reference sources used in drug-related Wikipedia articles. J. Med. Libr. Assoc. 103, 140–144 (2015)
Korfiatis, N., Poulos, M., Bokos, G.: Evaluating authoritative sources using social networks: an insight from Wikipedia. Online Inf. Rev. 30, 252–262 (2006)
Kosterich, A., Weber, M.: Transformation of a modern newsroom workforce: a case study of NYC journalist network histories from 2011 to 2015. J. Pract. 13, 431–457 (2019)
Krauskopf, E.: A bibliometric analysis of the Journal of Infection and Public Health: 2008–2016. J. Infect. Public Health 11, 224–229 (2018)
Kumar, S., Pandey, N., Haldar, A.: Twenty years of public management review (PMR): a bibliometric overview. Public Manag. Rev. 22, 1876–1896 (2020)
Laengle, S., Modak, N., Merigo, J., de la Sotta, C.: Thirty years of the international journal of computer integrated manufacturing: a bibliometric analysis. Int. J. Comput. Integr. Manuf. 31, 1247–1268 (2018)
Lamprecht, D., Strohmaier, M., Helic, D., Nyulas, C., Tudorache, T., Noy, N., Mark, A.: Using ontologies to model human navigation behavior in information networks: a study based on Wikipedia. Semant. Web 6, 403–422 (2015)
Law, J., Bauin, S., Courtial, J., Wittaker, J.: Policy and the mapping of scientific change: a co-word analysis of research into environmental acidification. Scientometrics 14, 251–264 (1988)
Lee, M., Chen, T.: Revealing research themes and trends in knowledge management: from 1995 to 2010. Knowl.-Based Syst. 28, 47–58 (2012)
Leong, C., Lee, Y., Mak, W.: Mining sentiments in SMS texts for teaching evaluation. Expert Syst. Appl. 39, 2584–2589 (2012)
Levitt, P.: Religion on the move: mapping global cultural production and consumption. In: Bender, C., et al. (eds.) Religion on the Edge: De-Centering and Re-Centering the Sociology of Religion, pp. 159–176. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2012)
Lin, J., Himelboim, I.: Political brand communities as social network clusters: winning and training candidates in the GOP 2016 primary elections. J. Polit. Mark. 16, 1–29 (2018)
Linnenluecke M.K., Singh, A.: Conducting systematic literature reviews and bibliometric analyses. Aust. J. Manag. (Forthcoming)
Lotka, A.: The frequency distribution of scientific productivity (1926)
Mas-Tur, A., Brandtner, M., Ewert, R., Kursten, W.: Advances in management research: a bibliometric overview of the review of managerial science. RMS 14, 933–958 (2020)
McPherson, M., Smith-Lovin, L., Cook, J.: Birds of a feather: homophily in social networks. Ann. Rev. Sociol. 27, 415–444 (2001)
Merediz-Sola, I., Bariviera, A.: A bibliometric analysis of bitcoin scientific production. Res. Int. Bus. Finance 50, 294–305 (2019)
Mestyan, M., Yasseri, T., Kertesz, J.: Early prediction of movie box office success based on Wikipedia activity big data. PLoS ONE 8(8), e71226 (2013)
Milgram, S.: The small-world problem. Psychol. Today 2, 60–67 (1967)
Moat, H., Curme, C., Avakian, A., Kenett, D., Stanley, H., Preis, T.: Quantifying Wikipedia usage patterns before stock market moves. Sci. Rep. 3, 1801 (2013)
Moradi, S.: The scientometrics of literature on smart cities. Libr. Hi Tech (Forthcoming)
Mostafa, M.: Do products’ warning labels affect consumer safe behavior? A meta-analysis of the empirical evidence. J. Bus. Econ. Stud. 22, 24–39 (2015)
Mostafa, M.: Do consumers recall products’ warning labels? a meta-analysis. Int. J. Manag. Mark. Res. 9, 81–96 (2016)
Mulet-Forteza, C., Martorell-Cunill, O., Merigo, J., Genovart-Balaguer, J., Mauleon-Mendez, E.: Twenty-five years of the journal of travel & tourism marketing: a bibliometric ranking. J. Travel Tour. Mark. 35, 1201–1221 (2018)
Navarrete, T., Borowiecki, K.: Changes in cultural consumption: ethnographic collections in Wikipedia. Cult. Trends 25, 233–248 (2016)
Neff, M., Corley, E.: 35 years and 160,000 articles: a bibliometric exploration of the evolution of ecology. Scientometrics 80, 657–682 (2009)
Neuhaus, C., Neuhaus, E., Asher, A., Wrede, C.: The depth and breadth of Google Scholar: an empirical study. Libr. Acad. 6, 127–141 (2006)
Newman, M., Girvan, M.: Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Phys. Rev. E 69, 1–15 (2004)
Nisonger, T.: A methodological issue concerning the use of social sciences citation index journal citation reports impact factor data for journal ranking. Libr. Acquis. Pract. Theory 18, 447–458 (1994)
Okoli, C.: A brief review of studies of Wikipedia in peer-reviewed journals. In: 2009 Third International Conference on Digital Society, pp. 155–160. IEEE (2009)
Osareh, F.: Bibliometrics, citation analysis and co-citation analysis: a review of literature. Libri 46, 149–158 (1996)
Park, S., Lim, Y., Park, H.: Comparing Twitter and YouTube networks in information diffusion: The case of the “Occupy Wall Street” movement. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. 95, 208–217 (2015)
Pieters, P., Baumgartner, H., Vermunt, J., Bijmolt, T.: Importance and similarity in the evolving citation network of the international journal of research in marketing. Int. J. Res. Mark. 16, 113–127 (1999)
Pirolli, P., Fu, W.: SNIF-ACT: a model of information foraging on the World Wide Web. In: The 9th International Conference on User Modeling. Springer, New York (2003)
Pirolli, P., Card, S.: Information Foraging. Princeton University Press, Princeton (1999)
Portugal-Ferreira, M., Frias-Pinto, C., Ribeiro-Serra, F.: The transaction costs theory in international business research: a bibliometric study over three decades. Scientometrics 98, 1899–1922 (2014)
Price, D., Beaver, D.: Collaboration in an invisible college. Am. Psychol. 21, 1011–1018 (1966)
Prieto-Gutierrez, J., Segado-Boj, F.: Annals of library and information studies: a bibliometric analysis of the journal and a comparison with the top library and information studies in Asia and worldwide. Ser. Libr. (Forthcoming)
Qi, T., Wang, T., Ma, Y., Zhang, W., Zhu, Y.: A scientometric analysis of e-participation research. Int. J. Crowd Sci. 2, 136–148 (2018)
Qian, J., Law, R., Wei, J.: Knowledge mapping in travel website studies: a scientometric review. Scand. J. Hosp. Tour. 19, 192–209 (2019)
Qin, H., Prastyo, Y., Bass, M., Sanders, C., Prentice, E., Nguyen, Q.: Seeing the forest for the tree: a bibliometric analysis of environmental and resource sociology. Soc. Nat. Resour. 3, 1131–1148 (2020)
R Development Core Team: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria (www.R-project.org) (2021).
Ratkiewicz, J., Menczer, F., Fortunato, S., Flammini, A.: Traffic in social media II: modeling bursty popularity. In: IEEE Second International Conference on Social Computing, pp. 393–400 (2010)
Rivera, M., Pizam, A.: Advances in hospitality research: “from Rodney Dangerfield to Aretha Franklin.” Int. J. Contemp. Hosp. Manag. 27, 362–378 (2015)
Rodi, G., Loreto, V., Tria, F.: Search strategies of Wikipedia readers. PLoS ONE 12(2), e0170746 (2017)
Rollin, G., Lages, J., Shepelyansky, D.: Wikipedia network analysis of cancer interactions and world influence. PLoS ONE 14(9), e0222508 (2019)
Rosensweig, R.: Can history be open source? Wikipedia and the future of the past. J. Am. History 93, 117–146 (2006)
Ruiz-Alba, J., Guzman-Parra, V., Oblitas, J., Mediano, J.: Entrepreneurial intentions: a bibliometric analysis. J. Small Bus. Enterp. Dev. 2, 121–213 (2021)
Sankey, H.: Introductory note on the thermal efficiency of stream-engines. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, pp. 278–283 (1898)
Scott, J.: Social Network Analysis. Sage, London (2013)
Shafee, T., Masukume, G., Kipersztok, L., Das, D., Häggström, M., Heilman, J.: Evolution of Wikipedia’s medical content: past, present and future. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 71, 1122–1129 (2017)
Shannon, C., Weaver, W.: The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press, Champaign, IL (1949)
Shi, F., Teplitsky, M., Duede, E., Evans, J.: The wisdom of polarized crowds. Nat. Hum. Behav. 3, 329–336 (2019)
Shiau, W., Dwivedi, Y., Yang, H.: Co-citation and cluster analysis of extant literature on social networks. Int. J. Inf. Manag. 37, 390–399 (2017)
Shirky, C.: The Power of Organizing Without Organizations. Penguin Press, New York (2008)
Skupin, A.: The world of geography: visualizing a knowledge domain with cartographic means. Proc. Natl Acad Sci. U. S. a. 101, 5274–5278 (2004)
Skupin, A.: Discrete and continuous conceptualizations of science: Implications for knowledge domain visualization. J. Informetr. 3, 233–245 (2009)
Smith, N., Graham, T.: Mapping the anti-vaccination movement on Facebook. Inf. Commun. Soc. 22, 1310–1327 (2019)
Soundararajan, K., Ho, H., Su, B.: Sankey diagram framework for energy and exergy flows. Appl. Energy 136, 1035–1042 (2014)
Space, D., Owens, K.: Lexical co-occurrence and association strength. J. Psycholinguist. Res. 19, 317–330 (1990)
Su, H., Lee, P.: Mapping knowledge structure by keyword co-occurrence: a first look at journal papers in technology foresight. Scientometrics 85, 65–79 (2010)
Surowiecki, J., Silverman, M.: The wisdom of the crowds. Am. J. Phys. 75, 190 (2007)
Talukdar, D.: Research productivity patterns in the organizational behavior and human resource management literature. Int. J. Hum. Resour. Manag. 26, 467–484 (2015)
Tang, M., Liao, H., Wan, Z., Herrera-Viedma, E., Rosen, M.: Ten years of sustainability (2009 to 2018): a bibliometric overview. Sustainability 10, 1655 (2018a)
Tang, M., Liao, H., Rosen, M.: A bibliometric overview and visualization of the international journal of fuzzy systems between 2007 and 2017. Int. J. Fuzzy Syst. 20, 1403–1422 (2018b)
Tausczik, Y., Faasse, K., Pennebaker, J., Petrie, K.: Public anxiety and information seeking following the H1N1 outbreak: blogs, newspaper articles, and Wikipedia visits. Health Commun. 27, 179–185 (2012)
The Economist (January 9th 2921). The other giant, pp. 49–50
Thompson, N., Hanley, D.: Science is shaped by Wikipedia: evidence from a randomized control trial. MIT Sloan Research Paper No. 5238-17. SSRN-ID 3039505 (2019)
Tomaszewski, R., MacDonald, K.: A study of citations to Wikipedia in scholarly publications. Sci. Technol. Libr. 35, 246–261 (2016)
Trier, M., Molka-Danielsen, J.: Sympathy or strategy: social capital drivers for collaborative contributions to the IS community. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. 22, 317–335 (2013)
Valenzuela-Fernandez, L., Merigo, J., Lichtenthal, J., Nicolas, C.: A bibliometric analysis of the first 25 years of the journal of business-to-business marketing. J. Bus. Bus. Mark. 26, 75–94 (2019)
van Eck, N., Waltman, L.: Visualizing bibliometric networks. In: Ding, Y., Rousseau, R., Wolfram, D. (eds.) Measuring Scholarly Impact: Methods and Practice. Springer, New York (2014)
van Eck, N., Waltman, L.: VOSviewer, Version 1.6.13 (2019)
Vanni, T., Mesa-Frias, M., Sanchez-Garcia, R., Roesler, R., et al.: International scientific cooperation in HIV and HPV: a network analysis. PLoS ONE 9(3), e93376 (2014)
Vidgen, R., Henneberg, S., Naude, P.: What sort of community is the European conference on information systems? A social network analysis 1993–2005. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. 22, 317–335 (2007)
Vieira, F., Brito, C.: Science mapping in industrial marketing. J. Bus. Ind. Mark. 16, 5–19 (2015)
Vila-Lopez, N., Kuster-Boluda, I.: A bibliometric analysis on packaging research: towards sustainable and healthy packages. Br. Food J. 123, 684–701 (2021)
Vos, T., Heinderyckx, F.: Gatekeeping in Transition. Routledge, New York (2015)
Wakefield, R.: Networks of accounting research: a citation-based structural and network analysis. Br. Account. Rev. 40, 228–244 (2008)
Wallace, J.: Modeling contemporary gatekeeping: the rise of individuals, algorithms and platforms in digital new dissemination. Digit. Journal. 6, 274–293 (2018)
Wallace, D., Fleet, C.: The democratization of information? Ref. User Serv. Q. 45, 10–102 (2005)
Wamba, S., Mishra, D.: Big data integration with business processes: a literature review. Bus. Process. Manag. J. 23, 477–492 (2017)
Wang, C., Lim, M., Zhao, L., Tseng, M., Chien, C., Lev, B.: The evolution of omega-the international journal of management science over the past 40 years: a bibliometric overview. Omega
Wäsche, H., Dickson, G., Woll, A., Brandes, U.: Social network analysis in sport research: an emerging paradigm. Eur. J. Sport Soc. 14, 138–165 (2017)
Watts, D., Strogatz, S.: Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks. Nature 393, 440–442 (1998)
West, R., Pineau, J., Precup, D.: Wikipedia: an online game for inferring semantic distances between concepts. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, pp. 1598–1603 (2009)
-West, R., Paranjape, A., Leskovec, J.: Mining missing hyperlinks from human navigation traces: a case study of Wikipedia. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 1242–1252. ACM (2015)
-Wetzstein, A., Feisel, E., Hartmann, E., Benton, W.: Uncovering the supplier selection knowledge structure: a systematic citation network analysis from 1991 to 2017. J. Purch. Supply Manag. (Forthcoming)
Wilkerson, B.: Using Wikipedia page views to measure the mass salience of US Supreme Court decisions. In: The Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, IL, April 16 (2015)
Wong, W., Mittas, N., Arvanitou, E., Li, Y.: A bibliometric assessment of software engineering themes. Schools and institutions (2013–2020). J. Syst. Softw. 180, 111029 (2021)
Wu, G., Cunningham, P.: Integration of multiple network views in Wikipedia. Knowl. Inf. Syst. 45, 473–490 (2015)
Xu, S., Zhang, X.: Impact of Wikipedia on market information environment: evidence on management disclosure and investor reaction. MIS Q. 37, 1043–1068 (2013)
Yang, H., Lai, C.: Understanding knowledge-sharing behavior in Wikipedia. Behavi. Inf. Technol. 30, 131–142 (2011)
Yang, G., Li, G., Li, C., Zhao, Y., Zhang, T., Liu, T., Chen, D., Huang, M.: Using the comprehensive patent citation network (CPC) to evaluate patent value. Scientometrics 105, 1319–1346 (2015)
Yang, S., Han, R., Wolfram, D., Zhao, Y.: Visualizing the intellectual structure of information science (2006–2015): introducing author-keyword coupling analysis. J. Informetr 10, 132–150 (2016)
Yasseri, T., Bright, J.: Predicting elections from online information flows: towards theoretically informed models. arXiv:1505–01818 (2015)
Zant, S., Frahm, K., Jaffres-Runser, K., Shepelyansky, D.: Interactions and influence of world painters from reduced Google matrix of Wikipedia networks. IEEE Access 6, 47735–47750 (2018b)
Zant, S., Frahm, K., Jaffres-Runser, K., Shepelyansky, D.: Analysis of world terror networks from the reduced Google matrix of Wikipedia. Eur. Phys. J. B 91 (2018a)
Zeleznik, D., Blazun, H., Kokol, P.: A bibliometric analysis of the journal of advanced nursing: 1976–2015. J. Adv. Nurs. 73, 2407–2419 (2017)
Zhang, S., Lyu, P., Yan, Y.: Global geographical and scientometric analysis of tourism-themed research. Scientometrics 105, 385–401 (2015)
Zhang, C., Zheng, X., Su, C., Huang, H., Yan, F., et al.: A bibliometric study of the journal of school health: 1965–2014. Chin. Nurs. Res. 4, 75–83 (2017)
Zhu, J., Hua, W.: Visualizing the knowledge domain of sustainable development research between 1987 and 2015: a bibliometric analysis. Scientometrics 110, 893–914 (2017)
Zong, Q., Shen, H., Yuan, Q., Hu, X., Hou, Z., Deng, S.: Doctoral dissertations of library and information science in China: a co-word analysis. Scientometrics 94, 781–799 (2013)
Zou, X., Yue, W., Vu, H.: Visualization and analysis of mapping knowledge domain of road safety. Accid. Anal. Prev. 118, 131–145 (2018)
Zupic, I., Cater, T.: Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organ. Res. Methods 18, 429–472 (2015)
Funding
The authors have not disclosed any funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
The authors have not disclosed any competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Mostafa, M.M. Twenty years of Wikipedia in scholarly publications: a bibliometric network analysis of the thematic and citation landscape. Qual Quant 57, 5623–5653 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-023-01626-7
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-023-01626-7