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Chemical characteristics and source apportionment of PM2.5 in Wuhan, China

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Abstract

Continuous online measurements of fine particulate matter mass (PM2.5) and its chemical composition were carried out at an urban monitoring site in Wuhan from March 2017 to February 2018. The PM2.5 mass concentration ranged from 6.3 to 223 μg/m3, with the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. Water soluble ions (WSIs) were the most abundant component in PM2.5 (28.8 ± 22.9 μg/m3), followed by carbonaceous aerosol (11.9 ± 10.4 μg/m3) and elements (5.5 ± 6.7 μg/m3). It is noteworthy that six episodes of sustained high PM were observed during the study period. Five major contributors of PM2.5 were identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF) to be the iron and steel industry, fugitive dust, secondary photochemistry, traffic-related emission and biomass burning, contributing 26.3%, 5.5%, 29.5%, 29.2% and 9.6% to PM2.5, respectively. Furthermore, conditional probability function (CPF), trajectory analysis and potential source contribution function (PSCF) were used to identify the influences of local activities and regional source. Local sources mainly include Wuhan iron and steel group, construction sites and urban trunk roads, etc. Three pollution transport pathways of PM2.5 in Wuhan were identified to be northwest, east and south pathway, with the relative contribution of 40%, 17% and 43%, respectively. Western Henan, northern Shaanxi and southwestern Shanxi were identified to be the major potential source regions of PM2.5 in Wuhan.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partially supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2019YFS0495), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41173092) and The Excellent Dissertation Cultivation Funds of Wuhan University of Technology (2016-YS-058).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China

    Fan Huang, Jiabin Zhou & Kuan Li

  2. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Fan Huang & Jiabin Zhou

  3. Hubei Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Wuhan, 430072, China

    Nan Chen

  4. School of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China

    Yuhua Li

  5. College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China

    Shuiping Wu

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  1. Fan Huang
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Huang, F., Zhou, J., Chen, N. et al. Chemical characteristics and source apportionment of PM2.5 in Wuhan, China. J Atmos Chem 76, 245–262 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-019-09395-0

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