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Social Stories for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Validating the Content of a Virtual Reality Program

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Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects socio-emotional skills and perspective-taking abilities. Although social stories in a form of virtual reality program can help children with ASD, developing them and identifying appropriate responses might be subjective and thus challenging. Using Delphi method, and guided by general case training, we involved 63 parents and clinicians of individuals with ASD, in two rounds of online iteration to refine the stories. Scenarios that reached a 75% agreement level were accepted. This project is the first study to develop and validate a library of 75 short socio-emotional stories that illustrate various types and intensities of emotion in three social contexts of home, school, and community as the content of a virtual reality program.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to express our sincere thanks to funding agencies, the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research and UBC Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies for their great support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Occupational Therapy, Dalhousie University, 5869 University Avenue, Halifax, NS, Canada

    Parisa Ghanouni

  2. Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada

    Tal Jarus, Jill G. Zwicker, Kristin Mow & Alyssa Ledingham

  3. Department of Pediatrics (Division of Developmental Pediatrics), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    Jill G. Zwicker

  4. Child & Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada

    Jill G. Zwicker

  5. Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children, Vancouver, Canada

    Jill G. Zwicker

  6. CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    Jill G. Zwicker

  7. Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology and Special Education, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    Joseph Lucyshyn

Authors
  1. Parisa Ghanouni
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  2. Tal Jarus
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  3. Jill G. Zwicker
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  4. Joseph Lucyshyn
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  5. Kristin Mow
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  6. Alyssa Ledingham
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Contributions

Dr. Ghanouni, Dr. Jarus, Kristin Mow, and Alyssa Ledingham were involved in study design, ethics application, analysis of data, and writing or editing the manuscript. Dr. Zwicker and Dr. Lucyshyn were involved in the study design, editing, and reviewing the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Parisa Ghanouni.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the University Behavioural Research Ethics Board.

Informed Consent

We obtained written informed consent from all participants prior to the study.

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Ghanouni, P., Jarus, T., Zwicker, J.G. et al. Social Stories for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Validating the Content of a Virtual Reality Program. J Autism Dev Disord 49, 660–668 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3737-0

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