[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/ Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Durability and strength properties of particle boards from polystyrene–wood wastes

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper presents the results of experimental study on the production of particle boards from wastes of wood and expanded polystyrene foam (EPS). Two different particle sizes of wood wastes and two different dosages of EPS resin were used as binders in the boards (WPP). Modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and physical properties were analysed. Effects of long-term immersion in water for 7–28 days on the properties of the particleboards were similarly evaluated. SEM and FTIR were used to analyse the specimens. The results showed that water absorption decreased as EPS content was increased from 1.5 to 2.0 and thickness swelling indicated that WPP with 0.85 mm particle sizes and 1.5 resin dosages had the least value between 2.38 and 3.51% after 7–28 days of prolonged immersion in water. MOR and MOE indicated that the optimum performances of the WPP boards were recorded before the prolonged immersion in water at 4.3 MPa and 187.8 MPa. WPP with 0.85 and 1.75 mm particle sizes with 2.0 resin dosage had good post immersion performance. This study demonstrated that wood and EPS wastes are sustainable materials for producing composite wood based panels that are still durable in moist environment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
£29.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ogunwusi AA (2014) Prospects for increasing pulp and paper capacities in Nigeria. p 124. Published by Toyab Multilinks Investment Nigeria Ltd

  2. Ojuri OO, Oluwatuyi OE (2018) Compacted sawdust ash-lime stabilised soil-based hydraulic barriers for waste containment. Proc Inst Civ Eng Waste Resour Manag 171(2):52–60

    Google Scholar 

  3. Owoyemi JM, Zakariya HO, Elegbede IO (2016) Sustainable wood waste management in Nigeria. Environ Soc Econ Stud 4(3):1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Khazaeian A, Ashori A, Dizaj MY (2015) Suitability of sorghum stalk fibers for production of particleboard. Carbohydr Polym 120:15–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Akinyemi AB, Afolayan JO, Oluwatobi EO (2016) Some properties of composite corn cob and sawdust particle boards. Constr Build Mater 127:436–441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Battegazzore D, Alongi J, Frache A, Wågberg L, Carosio F (2017) Layer by layer-functionalized rice husk particles: a novel and sustainable solution for particleboard production. Mater Today Commun 13:92–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Tabarsa T, Jahanshahi S, Ashori A (2011) Mechanical and physical properties of wheat straw boards bonded with a tannin modified phenol–formaldehyde adhesive. Compos B Eng 42(2):176–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Banjo A, Micheal O (2016) Prospects of coir fibre as reinforcement in termite mound clay bricks. Acta Technol Agric 19(3):57–62

    Google Scholar 

  9. Panyakaew S, Fotios S (2011) New thermal insulation boards made from coconut husk and bagasse. Energy Build 43(7):1732–1739

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Garzón-Barrero NM, Shirakawa MA, Brazolin S, de Lara IAR, Savastano H Jr (2016) Evaluation of mold growth on sugarcane bagasse particleboards in natural exposure and in accelerated test. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 115:266–276

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Yang TH, Lin CJ, Wang SY, Tsai MJ (2007) Characteristics of particleboard made from recycled wood-waste chips impregnated with phenol formaldehyde. Build Environ 42(1):189–195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Mamza PA, Ezeh EC, Gimba EC, Arthur DE (2014) Comparative study of phenol formaldehyde and urea formaldehyde particleboards from wood waste for sustainable environment. Int J Sci Technol Res 3(9):53–61

    Google Scholar 

  13. Tay CC, Hamdan S, Osman MSB (2016) Properties of sago particleboards resinated with UF and PF resin. Adv Mater Sci Eng. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5323890

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Li R, Lan C, Wu Z, Huang T, Chen X, Liao Y, Xie Y (2017) A novel particleboard using unsaturated polyester as a formaldehyde-free adhesive. Constr Build Mater 148:781–788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Joseph S, Sreekala MS, Oommen Z, Koshy P, Thomas S (2002) A comparison of the mechanical properties of phenol formaldehyde composites reinforced with banana fibres and glass fibres. Compos Sci Technol 62(14):1857–1868

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Keskisaari A, Kärki T (2017) Raw material potential of recyclable materials for fiber composites: a review study. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 19(3):1136–1143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Masri T, Ounis H, Sedira L, Kaci A, Benchabane A (2018) Characterization of new composite material based on date palm leaflets and expanded polystyrene wastes. Constr Build Mater 164:410–418

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Pao CNZ, Yeng CM (2018) Properties and characterization of wood plastic composites made from agro-waste materials and post-used expanded polyester foam. J Thermoplast Compos Mater, 0892705718772877

  19. Homkhiew C, Boonchouytan W, Cheewawuttipong W, Ratanawilai T (2018) Potential utilization of rubberwood flour and sludge waste from natural rubber manufacturing process as reinforcement in plastic composites. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 20(3):1792–1803

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Song W, Wei W, Li X, Zhang S (2016) Utilization of polypropylene film as an adhesive to prepare formaldehyde-free, weather-resistant plywood-like composites: process optimization, performance evaluation, and interface modification. BioResources 12(1):228–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Song W, Zhang K, Chen Z, Hong G, Lin J, Hao C, Zhang S (2018) Effect of xylanase–laccase synergistic pretreatment on physical–mechanical properties of environment-friendly self-bonded bamboo particleboards. J Polym Environ 26(10):4019–4033

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Poletto M, Dettenborn J, Zeni M, Zattera AJ (2011) Characterization of composites based on expanded polystyrene wastes and wood flour. Waste Manag 31(4):779–784

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Osemeahon SA, Archibong CA (2011) Development of urea formaldehyde and polyethylene waste as a copolymer binder for emulsion paint formulation. J Toxicol Environ Health Sci 3(4):101–108

    Google Scholar 

  24. Frihart CR (2005) In: Rowell RM (ed) Handbook of wood chemistry and wood composites. CRC Press, pp 215–278

  25. Gällstedt M, Mattozzi A, Johansson E, Hedenqvist MS (2004) Transport and tensile properties of compression-molded wheat gluten films. Biomacromol 5(5):2020–2028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. El Wakil NA, Abou Zeid RE, Fahmy Y, Mohamed AY (2007) Modified wheat gluten as a binder in particleboard made from reed. J Appl Polym Sci 106(6):3592–3599

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. ASTM D 1037 (2012). Standard test methods for evaluating properties of wood based fibres and particle panel materials. American Society of Testing Materials Publication

  28. BS EN 310 (1993) Wood based panels. Determination of modulus of elasticity in bending and of bending strength. British Standard Institution Publication

  29. Hse CY, Fu F, Pan H (2008) Melamine-modified urea formaldehyde resin for bonding particleboards. For Prod J 58(4):6–61

    Google Scholar 

  30. Oh Y, Kim K (2011) Evaluation of melamine-modified urea-formaldehyde resin for plywood flooring adhesive application. Sci For 39(90):199–203

    Google Scholar 

  31. Dhakal HN, Zhang ZY, Richardson MOW (2007) Effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hemp fibre reinforced unsaturated polyester composites. Compos Sci Technol 67(7–8):1674–1683

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Khazaei J (2008) Water absorption characteristics of three wood varieties. Cercetări Agronomice Moldova 41(2):134–145

    Google Scholar 

  33. Khalil HA, Jawaid M, Bakar AA (2011) Woven hybrid composites: water absorption and thickness swelling behaviours. BioResources 6(2):1043–1052

    Google Scholar 

  34. Saad MJ, Kamal I (2012) Mechanical and physical properties of low density kenaf core particleboards bonded with different resins. J Sci Technol 4(1):1–16

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  35. Chaharmahali M, Mirbagheri J, Tajvidi M, Najafi SK, Mirbagheri Y (2010) Mechanical and physical properties of wood-plastic composite panels. J Reinf Plast Compos 29(2):310–319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Iulianelli G, Tavares MB, Luetkmeyer L (2010) Water absorption behaviour and impact strength of PVC/wood flour composites. Chem Technol 4(3):1–5

    Google Scholar 

  37. Kord B (2011) Effect of wood flour content on the hardness and water uptake of thermoplastic polymer composites. World Appl Sci J 12(9):1632–1634

    Google Scholar 

  38. Farrokhpayam SR, Valadbeygi T, Sanei E (2016) Thin particleboard quality: effect of particle size on the properties of the panel. J Ind Acad Wood Sci 13(1):38–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Charoenwong C, Pisuchpen S (2010) Effect of adhesives and particle sizes on properties of composite materials from sawdust. In Proceedings of the 7th IMT-GT UNINET and the 3rd International PSU-UNS conferences on bioscience

  40. Malhotra N, Sheikh K, Rani S (2012) A review on mechanical characterization of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites. J Eng Res Stud 3(1):75–80

    Google Scholar 

  41. Papadopoulos A (2007) Property comparisons and bonding efficiency of UF and PMDI bonded particleboards as affected by key process variables. BioResources 1(2):201–208

    Google Scholar 

  42. Japanese Industrial Standard Committee (2003) Standard particleboard (A5908). Japanese Standards Association, Tokyo, Japan

    Google Scholar 

  43. Tamrakar S, Lopez-Anido RA (2011) Water absorption of wood polypropylene composite sheet piles and its influence on mechanical properties. Constr Build Mater 25(10):3977–3988

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Fiorelli J, Sartori DDL, Cravo JCM, Savastano Junior H, Rossignolo JA, Nascimento MFD, Lahr FAR (2013) Sugarcane bagasse and castor oil polyurethane adhesive-based particulate composite. Mater Res 16(2):439–446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Tabarsa T, Ashori A, Gholamzadeh M (2011) Evaluation of surface roughness and mechanical properties of particleboard panels made from bagasse. Compos B Eng 42(5):1330–1335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Osarenmwinda JO, Nwachukwu JC (2007) Effect of particle size on some properties of rice husk particleboard. Adv Mater Res 18:43–48 Trans Tech Publications

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Adhikary KB, Pang S, Staiger MP (2008) Long-term moisture absorption and thickness swelling behaviour of recycled thermoplastics reinforced with Pinus radiata sawdust. Chem Eng J 142(2):190–198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Sawpan MA, Pickering KL, Fernyhough A (2011) Effect of various chemical treatments on the fibre structure and tensile properties of industrial hemp fibres. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 42(8):888–895

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Amiandamhen SO, Meincken M, Tyhoda L (2018) The effect of chemical treatments of natural fibres on the properties of phosphate-bonded composite products. Wood Sci Technol 52(3):653–675

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Müller G, Schöpper C, Vos H, Kharazipour A, Polle A (2009) FTIR-ATR spectroscopic analyses of changes in wood properties during particle-and fibreboard production of hard-and softwood trees. BioResources 4(1):49–71

    Google Scholar 

  51. Vaskova I, Jeng R, Tyagi V, Rodriguez A, Sain M (2012) Extracellular proteins produced by different species of the fungus trichoderma on secondary paper mill sludge substrate. BioResources 7(1):1029–1039

    Google Scholar 

  52. Chiang TC, Hamdan S, Osman MS (2016) Urea formaldehyde composites reinforced with Sago fibres analysis by FTIR, TGA, and DSC. Adv Mater Sci Eng. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5954636

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Zhu D, Damodaran S (2014) Chemical phosphorylation improves the moisture resistance of soy flour based wood adhesive. J Appl Polym Sci. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.40451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Hajiha H, Sain M, Mei LH (2014) Modification and characterization of hemp and sisal fibers. J Nat Fibers 11(2):144–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Berruezo M, Ludueña LN, Rodriguez E, Alvarez VA (2014) Preparation and characterization of polystyrene/starch blends for packaging applications. J Plast Film Sheeting 30(2):141–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Nuruzatulifah AM, Nizam AA, Ain NN (2016) Synthesis and characterization of polystyrene nanoparticles with covalently attached fluorescent dye. Mater Today Proc 3:S112–S119

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural and Bio-systems Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara, Nigeria

    Banjo Ayobami Akinyemi, Clinton Emeka Okonkwo, Elijah Aina Alhassan & Mosunmola Ajiboye

Authors
  1. Banjo Ayobami Akinyemi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Clinton Emeka Okonkwo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Elijah Aina Alhassan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mosunmola Ajiboye
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Banjo Ayobami Akinyemi.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Akinyemi, B.A., Okonkwo, C.E., Alhassan, E.A. et al. Durability and strength properties of particle boards from polystyrene–wood wastes. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 21, 1541–1549 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-019-00905-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-019-00905-6

Keywords