Abstract
Both environmental and hormonal factors and their interactions affect stomatal behavior. Methodologies for identifying hormonal interactions affecting stomatal function are reviewed. Although there is abundant evidence that abscisic acid (ABA) closes stomata, evidence that the other classical plant hormones (auxins, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins) in isolation alter stomatal response often comes from exogenous applications to detached epidermes and leaves, rather than correlation of endogenous concentrations with stomatal conductance (gs). Evidence for hormonal interactions comes from isolated tissues with exogenous hormones supplied at nonphysiological concentrations, or from variation in stomatal response to xylem ABA concentration in planta. The roles of hormonal changes in causing stomatal closure following changes in soil environment are considered. Although soil drying induces multiple changes in xylem sap composition, analysis of stomatal responses suggests a dominant role for increased endogenous ABA concentrations and relatively little evidence of roles for other hormones. A similar picture emerges from studies of soil compaction. Although soil flooding decreases ABA export from the root system, there is some evidence that apoplastic ABA accumulation elicits stomatal closure. Stomatal closure following nitrogen deprivation does not appear to involve ABA and may provide a suitable experimental system to investigate roles for other hormones. The availability of mutant or transgenic lines with altered hormone homeostasis or sensitivity provides opportunities to screen for altered stomatal behavior in response to different environments, and may provide new evidence that hormonal interactions are important in the control of stomatal behavior.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V Altuzar M Pacheco SA Tomas JL Arriaga O Zelaya-Angel F Sanchez-Sinencio (2001) ArticleTitleAnalysis of ethylene concentration in the Mexico City atmosphere by photoacoustic spectroscopy. Anal Sci 17 S541–S543 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjsVehsLs%3D
BE Anderson JM Ward JI Schroeder (1994) ArticleTitleEvidence for an extracellular reception site for abscisic acid in Commelina guard cells. Plant Physiol 104 1177–1183 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXjtF2ltL8%3D Occurrence Handle12232155
SM Assmann JA Snyder Y-RJ Lee (2000) ArticleTitleABA-deficient (aba1) and ABA-insensitive (abi1-1, abi2-1) mutants of Arabidopsis have a wild-type stomatal response to humidity. Plant Cell Env 23 387–395 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjsFCktLs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-3040.2000.00551.x
J Badenoch-Jones CW Parker DS Letham S Singh (1996) ArticleTitleEffect of cytokinins supplied via the xylem at multiples of endogenous concentrations on transpiration and senescence in derooted seedlings of oat and wheat. Plant Cell Env 19 504–516 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XjslCrtr0%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb00384.x
A Bahrun CR Jensen F Asch VO Mogensen (2002) ArticleTitleDrought-induced changes in xylem pH, ionic composition, and ABA concentration act as early signals in field-grown maize (Zea mays L.). J Exp Bot 53 251–263 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhtlWktLw%3D Occurrence Handle11807129 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jexbot/53.367.251
A Bano K Dörffling D Bettin H Hahn (1993) ArticleTitleAbscisic acid and cytokinins as possible root-to-shoot signals in xylem sap of rice plants in drying soil. Aust J Plant Physiol 20 109–115 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXisFWmt7Y%3D Occurrence Handle10.1071/PP9930109
EH Beck (1996) ArticleTitleRegulation of shoot/root ratio by cytokinins from roots in Urtica dioica: opinion. Plant Soil 185 3–12 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXntlOnsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF02257560
NL Biddington TH Thomas (1978) ArticleTitleThe influence of different cytokinins on the transpiration and senescence of excised oat leaves. Physiol Plant 42 369–374 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE1cXkt1Sgtbg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1399-3054.1978.tb04098.x
PG Blackman WJ Davies (1983) ArticleTitleThe effects of cytokinins and ABA on stomatal behaviour of maize and Commelina. J Exp Bot 34 1619–1626 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXmtlCnug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/34.12.1619
PG Blackman WJ Davies (1984) ArticleTitleAge-related changes in stomatal response to cytokinins and abscisic acid. Ann Bot 54 121–125 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXltVGksL8%3D
C Borel A Frey A Marion-Poll T Simmoneau F Tardieu (2001) ArticleTitleDoes engineering abscisic acid biosynthesis in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia modify stomatal response to drought? Plant Cell Env 24 477–489 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXkt1Oit7s%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00698.x
C Borel T Simonneau D This F Tardieu (1997) ArticleTitleStomatal conductance and ABA concentration in the xylem sap of barley lines of contrasting genetic origins. Aust J Plant Physiol 24 607–615 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXotVejsrk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1071/PP96097
KJ Bradford (1983) ArticleTitleInvolvement of plant growth substances in the alteration of leaf gas exchange of flooded tomato plants. Plant Physiol 73 480–483 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXlvFajsLw%3D Occurrence Handle16663243 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.73.2.480
KJ Bradford TC Hsiao (1982) ArticleTitleStomatal behaviour and water relations of waterlogged tomato plants. Plant Physiol 70 1508–1513 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BC3cnhsVykug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle16662706 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.70.5.1508
KJ Bradford SF Yang (1980) ArticleTitleXylem transport of 1-amino-cyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid, an ethylene precursor, in waterlogged tomato plants. Plant Physiol 65 322–326 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXht1Gju7w%3D Occurrence Handle16661182 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.65.2.322
WJ Burrows DJ Carr (1969) ArticleTitleEffects of flooding the root system of sunflower plants on the cytokinin content of the xylem sap. Physiol Plant 22 1105–1112 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE3cXltFyqtg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle20925658 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1399-3054.1969.tb09098.x
FS Chapin III (1990) Effects of nutrient deficiency on plant growth: evidence for a centralised stress-response system. WJ Davies B Jeffcoat (Eds) Importance of root to shoot communication in the responses to environmental stress. Bristol British Society for Plant Growth Regulation 135–148
MJ Cooper J Digby PJ Cooper (1972) ArticleTitleEffects of plant hormones on the stomata of barley: a study of the interaction between abscisic acid and kinetin. Planta 105 43–49 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE38XkslWgtrc%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00385162
MJ Correia JS Pereira (1995) ArticleTitleThe control of leaf conductance of white lupin by xylem ABA concentration decreases with the severity of water deficits. J Exp Bot 46 101–110 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjslKiu7g%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/46.1.101
MJ Correia JS Pereira MM Chaves ML Rodrigues CA Pacheco (1995) ArticleTitleABA xylem concentrations determine maximum daily leaf conductance of field-grown Vitis vinifera L. plants. Plant Cell Env 18 511–521 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXmsVKitr4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-3040.1995.tb00551.x
MJ Correia ML Rodrigues MI Ferreira JS Pereira (1997) ArticleTitleDiurnal change in the relationship between stomatal conductance and abscisic acid in the xylem sap of field-grown peach trees. J Exp Bot 48 1727–1236 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXnt1OntbY%3D
MD Cramer OW Nagel SH Lips H Lambers (1995) ArticleTitleReduction, assimilation and transport of N in normal and gibberellin-deficient tomato plants. Physiol Plant 95 347–354 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XltFCn Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb00848.x
VSR Das IM Rao AS Raghavendra (1976) ArticleTitleReversal of abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure by benzyladenine. New Phytol 76 449–452 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE28XksVaisLk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1469-8137.1976.tb01480.x
IC Dodd R Stikic WJ Davies (1996) ArticleTitleChemical regulation of gas exchange and growth of plants in drying soil in the field. J Exp Bot 47 1475–1490 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XntVamu7Y%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/47.10.1475
IC Dodd LP Tan J He (2003) ArticleTitleDo increases in xylem sap pH and/or ABA concentration mediate stomatal closure following nitrate deprivation? J Exp Bot 54 1281–1288 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXivFCjurc%3D Occurrence Handle12654879 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/erg122
ME Donkin TL Wang ES Martin (1983) ArticleTitleAn investigation into the stomatal behaviour of a wilty mutant of Pisum sativum. J Exp Bot 34 825–834 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/34.7.825
RE Drury (1969) ArticleTitleInteraction of plant hormones. Science 164 564–565 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaF1M7lslKrsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle5778007 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.164.3879.564
XG Duan DS Neuman JM Reiber RM Auge (1996) ArticleTitleMycorrhizal influence on hydraulic and hormonal factors implicated in the control of stomatal conductance during drought. J Exp Bot 47 1541–1550 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XntValt78%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/47.10.1541
PJ Dunleavy PD Ladley (1995) ArticleTitleStomatal responses of Vicia faba L. to indole acetic acid and abscisic acid. J Exp Bot 46 95–100 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjslKiu7s%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/46.1.95
MA Else KC Hall G Arnold WJ Davies MB Jackson (1995a) ArticleTitleExport of abscisic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, phosphate, and nitrate from roots to shoots of flooded tomato plants. Accounting for effects of xylem sap flow rate on concentration and delivery. Plant Physiol 107 377–384 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjvVGgsr4%3D
MA Else WJ Davies M Malone MB Jackson (1995b) ArticleTitleA negative hydraulic message from oxygen-deficient roots of tomato plants? Influence of soil flooding on leaf water potential, leaf expansion, and synchrony between stomatal conductance and root hydraulic conductivity. Plant Physiol 109 1017–1024 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXpsVOrsbc%3D
MA Else MB Jackson (1998) ArticleTitleTransport of 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) in the transpiration stream of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in relation to foliar ethylene production and petiole epinasty. Aust J Plant Physiol 25 453–458 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXks1Gksr8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1071/PP97105
A Fuβeder A Wartinger W Hartung E-D Schulze H Heilmeier (1992) ArticleTitleCytokinins in the xylem sap of desert-grown almond (Prunus dulcis) trees. Daily courses and their possible interactions with abscisic acid and leaf conductance. New Phytol 122 45–52 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1469-8137.1992.tb00051.x
N Goicoechea MC Antolin M Sanchez-Diaz (1997) ArticleTitleGas exchange is related to the hormone balance in mycorrhizal or nitrogen-fixing alfalfa subjected to drought. Physiol Plant 100 989–997 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXlvFCiurk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1399-3054.1997.tb00027.x
T Gollan U Schurr ED Schulze (1992) ArticleTitleStomatal response to drying soil in relation to changes in the xylem sap composition of Helianthus annuus. I. The concentration of cations, anions, amino acids in, and pH of, the xylem sap. Plant Cell Env 15 551–559 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xlt1yitbw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb01488.x
A Gomez-Cadenas FR Tadeo M Talon E Primo-Millo (1996) ArticleTitleLeaf abscission induced by ethylene in water-stressed intact seedlings of cleopatra mandarin requires previous abscisic acid accumulation in roots. Plant Physiol 112 401–408 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XlvFKhtLs%3D Occurrence Handle12226398
G Guinn DL Brummett (1993) ArticleTitleLeaf age, decline in photosynthesis, and changes in abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and cytokinin in cotton leaves. Field Crops Res 32 269–275 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0378-4290(93)90036-M
W Hartung EW Weiler JW Radin (1992) ArticleTitleAuxin and cytokinins in the apoplastic solution of dehydrated cotton leaves. J Plant Physiol 140 324–327 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XlsVOnsLw%3D
IE Henson CR Jensen NC Turner (1989) ArticleTitleLeaf gas exchange and water relations of lupins and wheat. III. Abscisic acid and drought-induced stomatal closure. Aust J Plant Physiol 16 429–442 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXhvFSgtg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1071/PP9890429
A Hewelt E Prinsen J Schell H Van Onckelen T Schmuelling (1994) ArticleTitlePromoter tagging with a promoterless ipt gene leads to cytokinin-induced phenotypic variability in transgenic tobacco plants: implications of gene dosage effects. Plant J 6 879–891 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjsFyqurc%3D Occurrence Handle7849758 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.1994.6060879.x
NM Holbrook VR Shashidhar RA James R Munns (2002) ArticleTitleStomatal control in tomato with ABA-deficient roots: response of grafted plants to soil drying. J Exp Bot 53 1503–1514 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XktlWjtbk%3D Occurrence Handle12021298 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jexbot/53.373.1503
A Hussain CR Black IB Taylor JR Roberts (1999) ArticleTitleSoil compaction. A role for ethylene in regulating leaf expansion and shoot growth in tomato? Plant Physiol 121 1227–1237 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXotFyisr8%3D Occurrence Handle10594109 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.121.4.1227
LD Incoll PC Jewer (1987) Cytokinins and stomata. E Zeiger GD Farquhar IR Cowan (Eds) Stomatal function. Stanford University Press Stanford 281–292
MB Jackson DJ Campbell (1979) ArticleTitleEffects of benzyladenine and gibberellic acid on the responses of tomato plants to anaerobic root environments and to ethylene. New Phytol 82 331–340 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3MXls1ektrw%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1469-8137.1979.tb02658.x
MB Jackson KC Hall (1987) ArticleTitleEarly stomatal closure in waterlogged pea plants is mediated by abscisic acid in the absence of foliar water deficits. Plant Cell Env 10 121–130 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXkslCmt7w%3D
PE Jameson DS Letham R Zhang CW Parker J Badenoch-Jones (1987) ArticleTitleCytokinin translocation and metabolism in lupin species. I. Zeatin riboside introduced into the xylem at the base of Lupinus angustifolius stems. Aust J Plant Physiol 14 695–718 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXkslSnt7o%3D Occurrence Handle10.1071/PP9870695
PC Jewer LD Incoll (1980) ArticleTitlePromotion of stomatal opening in the grass Anthephora pubescens Nees by a range of natural and synthetic cytokinins. Planta 137 243–245
WS Jia J Zhang (1997) ArticleTitleComparison of exportation and metabolism of xylem-delivered ABA in maize leaves at different water status and xylem sap pH. Plant Growth Reg 21 43–49 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXivFWhsbY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1005722121030
I John R Drake A Farrell W Cooper P Lee P Horton D Grierson (1995) ArticleTitleDelayed leaf senescence in ethylene-deficient ACC-oxidase antisense tomato plants—molecular and physiological analysis. Plant J 7 483–490 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXltFCgsbY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.1995.7030483.x
AD Jokhan RJ Harink MB Jackson (1999) ArticleTitleConcentration and delivery of abscisic acid in xylem sap are greater at the shoot base than at a target leaf nearer to the shoot apex. Plant Biol 1 253–260 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXitlajsbg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1438-8677.1999.tb00251.x
LK Levitt DB Stein B Rubinstein (1987) ArticleTitlePromotion of stomatal opening by indoleacetic acid and ethrel in epidermal strips of Vicia faba L. Plant Physiol 85 318–321 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXjs1Sr Occurrence Handle16665694 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.85.2.318
J Leymarie A Vavasseur G Lasceve (1998) ArticleTitleCO2 sensing in stomata of abi1-1 and abi2-1 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol Biochem 36 539–543 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlsFOlu7k%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0981-9428(98)80180-0
A Livne Y Vaadia (1965) ArticleTitleStimulation of transpiration rate in barley leaves by kinetin and gibberellic acid. Physiol Plant 18 658–662 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaF2MXkvFaktbk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1399-3054.1965.tb06926.x
MR McAinsh JE Gray AM Hetherington CP Leckie C Ng (2000) ArticleTitleCa++ signalling in stomatal guard cells. Biochem Soc Trans 28 476–481 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmsVehsb8%3D Occurrence Handle10961943 Occurrence Handle10.1042/0300-5127:0280476
P McCourt (1999) ArticleTitleGenetic analysis of hormone signalling. Ann Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 50 219–243 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXkt1yksb4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.219
F Merritt A Kemper G Tallman (2001) ArticleTitleInhibitors of ethylene synthesis inhibit auxin-induced stomatal opening in epidermis detached from leaves of Vicia faba L. Plant Cell Physiol 42 223–230 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXhsFynu7k%3D Occurrence Handle11230577 Occurrence Handle10.1093/pcp/pce030
S Meyer B Genty (1999) ArticleTitleHeterogeneous inhibition of photosynthesis over the leaf surface of Rosa rubiginosa L. during water stress and abscisic acid treatment: induction of a metabolic component by limitation of CO2 diffusion. Planta 210 126–131 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmvFGjs7c%3D Occurrence Handle10592040 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s004250050661
R Morsucci N Curvetto S Delmastro (1991) ArticleTitleInvolvement of cytokinins and adenosine 3’,5’-cyclic-monophosphate in stomatal movement in Vicia faba. Plant Physiol Biochem 29 537–547 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xht1CqtL4%3D
BJ Mulholland IB Taylor CR Black JA Roberts JR Lenton (1996) ArticleTitleEffect of soil compaction on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) growth. I. Possible role for ABA as a root-sourced chemical signal. J Exp Bot 47 539–549 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XivFequrs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/47.4.539
BJ Mulholland A Hussain CR Black IB Taylor JA Roberts (1999) ArticleTitleDoes root-sourced ABA have a role in mediating growth and stomatal responses to soil compaction in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)? Physiol Plant 107 267–276 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXlt1ensA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1034/j.1399-3054.1999.100303.x
R Munns GR Cramer (1996) ArticleTitleIs coordination of leaf and root growth mediated by abscisic acid? Opinion. Plant Soil 185 33–49 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXntlyjug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF02257563
R Munns RW King (1988) ArticleTitleAbscisic acid is not the only stomatal inhibitor in the transpiration stream of wheat plants. Plant Physiol 88 703–708 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXitFaquw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle16666371 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.88.3.703
DS Neuman SB Rood BA Smit (1990) ArticleTitleDoes cytokinin transport from root-to-shoot in the xylem sap regulate leaf responses to root hypoxia? J Exp Bot 41 1325–1333 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXpvVGmsQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/41.10.1325
AB Ogunkanmi DJ Tucker TA Mansfield (1973) ArticleTitleAn improved bio-assay for abscisic acid and other antitranspirants. New Phytol 72 277–282 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE3sXktl2iur8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1469-8137.1973.tb02033.x
JB Passioura R Munns (1984) ArticleTitleHydraulic resistance of plants. II. Effects of rooting medium, and time of day, in barley and lupin. Aust J Plant Physiol 11 341–350 Occurrence Handle10.1071/PP9840341
MA Pemadasa (1982) ArticleTitleDifferential abaxial and adaxial stomatal responses to indole-3-acetic acid in Commelina communis L. New Phytol 90 209–219 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL38XhtF2gs7Y%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1469-8137.1982.tb03253.x
J Pospisilova H Synkova I Machackova J Catsky (1998) ArticleTitlePhotosynthesis in different types of transgenic tobacco plants with elevated cytokinin content. Biol Plant 40 81–89 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1000948602094
JW Radin LL Parker G Guinn (1982) ArticleTitleWater relations of cotton plants under nitrogen deficiency. V. Environmental control of abscisic acid accumulation and stomatal sensitivity to abscisic acid. Plant Physiol 70 1066–1070 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL38XlvFOntL0%3D Occurrence Handle16662614 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.70.4.1066
DM Reid C Crozier BMR Harvey (1971) ArticleTitleThe effects of flooding on the export of gibberellins from the root to the shoot. Planta 89 376–379 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00387239
CP Romano ML Cooper HJ Klee (1993) ArticleTitleUncoupling auxin and ethylene effects in transgenic tobacco and Arabidopsis plants. Plant Cell 5 181–189 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXitlSgsrs%3D Occurrence Handle12271061 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.5.2.181
AMSEDA Salama PF Wareing (1979) ArticleTitleEffects of mineral nutrition on endogenous cytokinins in plants of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). J Exp Bot 30 971–981 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXnsFWkug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/30.5.971
M Santakumari RA Fletcher (1987) ArticleTitleReversal of triazole-induced stomatal closure by gibberellic acid and cytokinins in Commelina benghalensis. Physiol Plant 71 95–99 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXlvFaqsLo%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1399-3054.1987.tb04623.x
U Schurr ED Schulze (1995) ArticleTitleThe concentration of xylem sap constituents in root exudate, and in sap from intact, transpiring castor bean plants (Ricinus communis L.). Plant Cell Env 18 409–420 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXlslCksbY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-3040.1995.tb00375.x
U Schurr ED Schulze (1996) ArticleTitleEffects of drought on nutrient and ABA transport in Ricinus communis. Plant Cell Env 19 665–674 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xktlynur4%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb00401.x
A Schwartz WH Wu EB Tucker SM Assmann (1994) ArticleTitleInhibition of inward K+ channels and stomatal response by abscisic acid—an intracellular locus of phytohormone action. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 91 4019–4023 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXjtF2ltLc%3D Occurrence Handle8171028 Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.91.9.4019
VR Shashidhar TG Prasad L Sudharshan (1996) ArticleTitleHormone signals from roots to shoots of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L). Moderate soil drying increases delivery of abscisic acid and depresses delivery of cytokinins in xylem sap. Ann Bot 78 151–155 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XlsVantLg%3D Occurrence Handle10.1006/anbo.1996.0107
PJ Snaith TA Mansfield (1982a) ArticleTitleControl of the CO2 responses of stomata by indol-3ylacetic acid and abscisic acid. J Exp Bot 33 360–365 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL38XksFamur8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/33.2.360
PJ Snaith TA Mansfield (1982b) ArticleTitleStomatal sensitivity to abscisic acid: can it be defined? Plant Cell Env 5 309–311 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL38XlsVWrsLs%3D
PJ Snaith TA Mansfield (1984) ArticleTitleStudies of the inhibition of stomatal opening by naphth-1-ylacetic acid and abscisic acid. J Exp Bot 35 1410–1418 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXhvV2j Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/35.10.1410
M Stoll B Loveys P Dry (2000) ArticleTitleHormonal changes induced by partial rootzone drying of irrigated grapevine. J Exp Bot 51 1627–1634 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnt12ju7o%3D Occurrence Handle11006312 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jexbot/51.350.1627
H Synkova K Van Loven J Pospisilova R Valcke (1999) ArticleTitlePhotosynthesis of transgenic Pssu-ipt tobacco. J Plant Physiol 155 173–182 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXltV2nsrY%3D
F Tardieu WJ Davies (1992) ArticleTitleStomatal response to abscisic acid is a function of current plant water status. Plant Physiol 98 540–545 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XitFWhtL4%3D Occurrence Handle16668674 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.98.2.540
F Tardieu J Zhang N Katerji O Bethenod S Palmer WJ Davies (1992) ArticleTitleXylem ABA controls the stomatal conductance of field-grown maize subjected to soil compaction or soil drying. Plant Cell Env 15 193–197 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xitlaiur8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb01473.x
F Tardieu J Zhang DJG Gowing (1993) ArticleTitleStomatal control by both [ABA] in the xylem sap and leaf water status: a test of a model for droughted or ABA-fed field-grown maize. Plant Cell Env 16 412–420
F Tardieu T Lafarge T Simmonneau (1996) ArticleTitleStomatal control by fed or endogenous xylem ABA in sunflower: interpretation of correlations between leaf water potential and stomatal conductance in anisohydric species. Plant Cell Env 19 75–84 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xhs1ejtbs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb00228.x
GE Taylor CA Gunderson (1986) ArticleTitleThe response of foliar gas exchange to exogenously applied ethylene. Plant Physiol 82 653–657 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXhsF2isg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle16665086 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.82.3.653
GE Taylor BM Ross-Todd CA Gunderson (1988) ArticleTitleAction of ozone on foliar gas exchange in Glycine max L. Merr: a potential role for endogenous stress ethylene. New Phytol 110 301–307 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXptVWisA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1469-8137.1988.tb00266.x
P Tissera PG Ayres (1986) ArticleTitleEndogenous ethylene affects the behaviour of stomata in epidermis isolated from rust-infected faba bean (Vicia faba L.). New Phytol 104 53–61 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL28XlvVOrsL8%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1469-8137.1986.tb00633.x
CL Trejo WJ Davies (1991) ArticleTitleDrought-induced closure of Phaseolus vulgaris L. stomata precedes leaf water deficit and any increase in xylem ABA concentration. J Exp Bot 42 1507–1515 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XlsFyjsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/42.12.1507
CL Trejo WJ Davies LMP Ruiz (1993) ArticleTitleSensitivity of stomata to abscisic acid. An effect of the mesophyll. Plant Physiol 102 497–502 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXkvFWmsL0%3D Occurrence Handle12231838
CL Trejo AL Clephan WJ Davies (1995) ArticleTitleHow do stomata read abscisic acid signals? Plant Physiol 109 803–811 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXpsVOrs7s%3D Occurrence Handle12228634
DJ Tucker TA Mansfield (1971) ArticleTitleA simple bioassay for detecting “antitranspirant” activity of naturally occurring compounds such as abscisic acid. Planta 98 157–163 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE3MXksF2ltLs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00385348
J Wang DS Letham E Cornish KR Stevenson (1997) ArticleTitleStudies of cytokinin action and metabolism using tobacco plants expressing either the ipt or the GUS gene controlled by a chalcone synthase promoter. I. Developmental features of the transgenic plants. Aust J Plant Physiol 24 661–672 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXotVejtLY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1071/PP96101
YY Wang R Zhou X Zhou (1994) ArticleTitleEndogenous levels of ABA and cytokinins and their relation to stomatal behaviour in dayflower (Commelina communis L.). J Plant Physiol 144 45–48 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXmt1Kmt7Y%3D
S Wilkinson JE Corlett L Oger WJ Davies (1998) ArticleTitleEffects of xylem pH on transpiration from wild-type and flacca tomato leaves: a vital role for abscisic acid in preventing excessive water loss even from well-watered plants. Plant Physiol 117 703–709 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjvFGksbc%3D Occurrence Handle9625724 Occurrence Handle10.1104/pp.117.2.703
S Wilkinson WJ Davies (2002) ArticleTitleABA-based chemical signalling: the co-ordination of responses to stress in plants. Plant Cell Env 25 195–210 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhslaktbY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00824.x
S Wilkinson WJ Davies (1997) ArticleTitleXylem sap pH increase: a drought signal received at the apoplastic face of the guard cell which involves the suppression of saturable ABA uptake by the epidermal symplast. Plant Physiol 113 559–573 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXht1Gitrc%3D Occurrence Handle12223626
CM Willmer AB Wilson HG Jones (1988) ArticleTitleChanging responses of stomata to abscisic acid and CO2 as leaves and plants age. J Exp Bot 39 401–410 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXktlGgsbk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/39.4.401
L Woodrow B Grodzinski (1989) ArticleTitleAn evaluation of the effects of ethylene on carbon assimilation in Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. J Exp Bot 40 361–368 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXlslWhu7w%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/40.3.361
J Zhang WJ Davies (1986) ArticleTitleChemical and hydraulic influences on the stomata of flooded plants. J Exp Bot 37 1479–1491 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXjtVeh Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/37.10.1479
J Zhang WJ Davies (1990) ArticleTitleChanges in the concentration of ABA in xylem sap as a function of changing soil water status can account for changes in leaf conductance and growth. Plant Cell Env 13 277–285 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXitFWmsQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb01312.x
J Zhang WJ Davies (1991) ArticleTitleAntitranspirant activity in xylem sap of maize plants. J Exp Bot 42 317–321 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXit1Gqt70%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jxb/42.3.317
Q Zhang WH Outlaw K Aghoram (2001) ArticleTitleRelationship between changes in the guard cell abscisic acid content and other stress-related physiological parameters in intact plants. J Exp Bot 52 301–308 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjtVajurc%3D Occurrence Handle11283175 Occurrence Handle10.1093/jexbot/52.355.301
Acknowledgements
I thank the BSSRC for a ROPA award to investigate root-to-shoot signalling in drying soil, and the Australian Research Council and University of Queensland for support of work on root-to-shoot signalling following nitrogen deprivation, and Martin McAinsh for helpful discussion.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dodd, I.C. Hormonal Interactions and Stomatal Responses . J Plant Growth Regul 22, 32–46 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-003-0023-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-003-0023-x