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Microbial endophytes: application towards sustainable agriculture and food security

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Abstract

Microbial endophytes are ubiquitous and exist in each recognised plant species reported till date. Within the host plant, the entire community of microbes lives non-invasively within the active internal tissues without causing any harm to the plant. Endophytes interact with their host plant via metabolic communication enables them to generate signal molecules. In addition, the host plant’s genetic recombination with endophytes helps them to imitate the host’s physicochemical functions and develop identical active molecules. Therefore, when cultured separately, they begin producing the host plant phytochemicals. The fungal species Penicillium chrysogenum has portrayed the glory days of antibiotics with the invention of the antibiotic penicillin. Therefore, fungi have substantially supported social health by developing many bioactive molecules utilised as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, immunomodulatory and anticancerous agents. But plant-related microbes have emanated as fountainheads of biologically functional compounds with higher levels of medicinal perspective in recent years. Researchers have been motivated by the endless need for potent drugs to investigate alternate ways to find new endophytes and bioactive molecules, which tend to be a probable aim for drug discovery. The current research trends with these promising endophytic organisms are reviewed in this review paper.

Key points

• Identified 54 important bioactive compounds as agricultural relevance

• Role of genome mining of endophytes and “Multi-Omics” tools in sustainable agriculture

• A thorough description and graphical presentation of agricultural significance of plant endophytes

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India

    Vagish Dwibedi, Mahavir Joshi, Rajinder Kaur, Gurleen Kaur, Gursharan Kaur & SukhminderJit Kaur

  2. School of Pharmaceutical & Population Health Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248009, India

    Santosh Kumar Rath

  3. Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 14007, India

    Davinder Singh

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VD: conceptualization, investigation, original draft and review and editing. SKR: data creation, software, formal analysis and review and editing. RK: investigation, formal analysis and review and editing. MJ: investigation, formal analysis and review and editing. GK: investigation and formal analysis. SJK: conceptualization, methodology, validation, project administration and review and editing.

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Dwibedi, V., Rath, S.K., Joshi, M. et al. Microbial endophytes: application towards sustainable agriculture and food security. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 106, 5359–5384 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-12078-8

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