[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Normative language approach a framework for understanding

  • Session 6: Principles of Database Design
  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Conceptual Modeling — ER '96 (ER 1996)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 1157))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The development of information systems often presents communication problems between developers and users, because the languages used by both groups are too different. While users communicate in their ordinary language, developers make use of artificial, constructed languages (e.g. diagram languages) for the development of a specialised problem solution. However, an intensive communication between both groups is necessary, as users determine the system requirements. Furthermore, the expert knowledge of the field of application constitutes the decisive resources, which usually only users are able to contribute.This paper proposes to solve the language problem by introducing a regulated language (normative language).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abbott, R.J.: Program Design by Informal English Descriptions. In: Communications of the ACM 26 (1983) 11, pp 882–894.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Barros, P.A.: The Nature of Bias and Defects in the Software Specification Process. Technical Report CS-TR-2822. Maryland: University Press 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Blum, B.I.: Formalism and Prototyping in the Software Process. In: Colburn, R.T.; Fetzer, J.H. (eds.): Program Verification. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers 1993, pp 213–238 (Printed from: Information and Decision Technologies 15 (1989), pp 327–341).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Boehm, B.W.: Software Engineering: R&D Trends and Defense Needs. In: Wegner, P. (ed.): Research Directions in Software Technology. Cambridge: MIT Press 1979, pp 44–86.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Brodie, M.L.; Mylopoulos, J.; Schmidt, J.W. (eds.): On Conceptual Modelling. Perspectives from Artificial Intelligence, Databases, and Programming Languages. New York: Springer 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Buchholz, E.; Düsterhöft, A.; Thalheim, B.: Exploiting Knowledge Gained from Natural Language for EER Database Design. Technical Report I-10/94. Cottbus: Technische UniversitÄt 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Burg, J.F.M.; Riet, van de R.P.: Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics of COLOR-X Event Models: Specifying the Dynamics of Information and Communication Systems. Technical Report IR-392. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Carnap, R.: Introduction to Semantics. Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1948.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Carnap, R.: Meaning Postulates. In: Philosophical Studies 3 (1952), pp 65–73.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Cook, S.; Daniels, J.: Designing Object Systems. Object-Oriented Modelling with Syntropy. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Düsterhöft, A.: Zur interaktiven natürlichsprachlichen Unterstützung im Daten-bankentwurf. PhD Thesis. Cottbus: Brandenburgische Technische UniversitÄt Cottbus 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Feenstra, R.B.; Wieringa, R.J.: LCM 3.0. A Language for Describing Conceptual Models. Technical Report. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Fillmore, C.J.: The Case for Case. In: Bach, E.; Harms, T.R.(eds.): Universals in Linguistic Theory. New York: Holt, Rinehardt & Winston, pp 1–118.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gethmann, C.F.: Protologik. Untersuchungen zur formalen Pragmatik von Begründungsdiskursen. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Hagelstein, J.: Declarative Approach to Information Systems Requirements. In: Knowledge Based Systems 1 (1988) 4, pp 211–220.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kamlah, W.; Lorenzen, P.: Logical Propaedeutic. Lanham: University Press of America 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kristen, G.: Object Orientation. The KISS Method. From Information Architecture to Information System. Wokingham: Addison-Wesley 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Lorenzen, P.: Lehrbuch der Konstruktiven Wissenschaftstheorie. Mannheim: BI-Wissenschaftsverlag 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Lorenzen, P.: Constructive Philosophy. Amherst: University of Massachussetts Press 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  20. McMenamin, M.; Palmer, J.F.: Essential Systems Analysis. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Meyer, B.: Object-Oriented Software Construction. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Mittelstra\, J.: Der Flug der Eule. Von der Vernunft der Wissenschaft und der Aufgabe der Philosophie. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Moynihan, T.: An Experimental Comparison of Object-Orientation and Functional-Decomposition as Paradigms for Communicating Systems Functionality to Users. In: Zupancic, J.; Wrycza. S. (eds.): Proc. of 4th Int. Conf. Information Systems Development-ISD'94, Bled 1994. Kranj: Moderna Organizacija 1994, pp 605–613.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Opdahl, A.L.; Sindre, G.: A Taxonomie for Real-World Modelling Concepts. In: Information Systems 19 (1994) 3, pp 229–241.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ortner, E.: KASPER — Ein Projekt zur natürlichsprachlichen Entwicklung von Informationssystemen. In: Wirtschaftsinformatik 36 (1994) 6, pp 570–579.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ortner, E.: Elemente einer methodenneutralen Konstruktionssprache für Informationssysteme. In: Informatik Forschung und Entwicklung 10 (1995), pp 148–160.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Ortner, E.; Schienmann, B.: Normsprachlicher Entwurf von Informationssystemen —Vorstellung einer Methode. In: Ortner, E.; Schienmann, B.: Thoma, H. (Hrsg.): Natürlichsprachlicher Entwurf von Informationssystemen. Grundlagen, Methoden, Werkzeuge, Anwendungen. Proc. GI/EMISA-Workshop 1996, Tutzing. Konstanz: UniversitÄts-Verlag 1996, pp 109–129.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Rescher, N.: Introduction to Logic. New York: St. Martin's Press 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Rolland, C.; Proix, C.: Natural Language Approach to Conceptual Modeling. In: Loucopoulos, P.; Zicari, R. (eds.): Conceptual Modeling, Databases, and Case. An Integrated View of Information Systems Development. New York: Wiley 1992, pp 447–463.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Rumbaugh, J.; Blaha, M.; Premerlani, W. et al.: Object-Oriented Modeling and Design. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Saeki, M.; Horai, H.; Enomoto, H.: Software Development Process from Natural Language Specification. In: Proc. of the 11th International Conference on Software Engineering. Washington: IEEE Computer Society Press 1989, pp 64–73.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Schienmann, B.: Objektorientierte Spezifikation betrieblicher Informationssysteme. In: König, W. (eds.): Wirtschaftsinformatik '95. Heidelberg: Physica 1995, pp 151–168.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Schienmann, B.: Objektorientierter Fachentwurf. Ein terminologiebasierter Ansatz für die Konstruktion von Anwendungssystemen. PhD Thesis. Konstanz: UniversitÄt 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Schnelle, H.: Sprachphilosophie und Linguistik. Prinzipien der Sprachanalyse a priori und a posteriori. Hamburg: Rowohlt 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Sowa, J.F.: Conceptual Structures: Information Processing in Mind and Machine. Reading: Addison-Wesley 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Sowa, J.F.: Toward the Epressive Power of Natural Language. In: J.F. Sowa (Hrsg.): Principles of Semantic Networks. Explorations in the Representation of Knowledge. San Mateo: Morgan Kaufmann 1991, pp 157–189.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Spaccapietra, S.; Parent, C.; Sunye, M. et al.: Object Orientation and Conceptual Modeling. In: Mayr, H.C.; Wagner, R. (eds): Objektorientierte Methoden für Informationssysteme. Proc. GI/EMISA-Fachtagung 1996, Klagenfurt. Berlin: Springer 1993, pp 3–17.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Suppes, P.: Introduction to Logic. Princeton: Van Nostrand 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Sykes, J.A.: English grammar as a sentence model for conceptual modelling using NIAM. In: Falkenberg, E.D.; Hesse, W.; Olive, A. (eds.): Information Systems Concepts. Towards an consolidation of views. London: Chapman & Hall 1995, pp 161–167.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Tjoa, A M.; Berger, L.: Transformation of Requirements Specifications Expressed in Natural Language into an EER Model. In: Elmasri, R.A.; Kouramajian, V.; Thalheim, B. (eds.): Entity Relationship Approach — ER '93, Proceedings. Berlin: Springer 1994, pp 206–217.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Vessey, I.; Conger, S.A.: Requirements Specification: Learning Object, Process, and Data Methodologies. In: Communications of the ACM 37 (1994) 5, pp 102–113.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Wedekind, H.: Datenbanksysteme I. Eine konstruktive Einführung in die Daten-verarbeitung in Wirtschaft und Verwaltung. 2. Auflage. Mannheim: BI-Wissenschaftsverlag 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Whorf, B.L.: Language, Thought and Reality. New York: Wiley 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Wieringa, J.R.: A Method for Building and Evaluating Formal Specifications of Object-Oriented Conceptual Models of Database Systems. Technical Paper IR-340. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Wieringa, J.R.; de Jonge, W., Spruit, P.: Using Dynamic Classes and Role Classes to Model Object Migration. In: Theory and Practice of Object Systems 1 (1995) 1, pp 61–83.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Woodfield, S.N.; Embley, D.W.; Kurtz, B.D.: Extending Analysis Paradigms. In: 9th Annual Int. Phoenix Conf. on Computers and Communications, Phoenix. Los Alamitos: IEEE Computer Society Press 1990, pp 441–446.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wirtschaftsinformatik 1, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Entwicklung von Anwendungssystemen Hochschulstra\e 1, D-64289, Darmstadt

    Erich Ortner

  2. UniversitÄt Konstanz Informationsmanagement, Postfach 5560, D-78434, Konstanz

    Bruno Schienmann

Authors
  1. Erich Ortner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bruno Schienmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Bernhard Thalheim

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ortner, E., Schienmann, B. (1996). Normative language approach a framework for understanding. In: Thalheim, B. (eds) Conceptual Modeling — ER '96. ER 1996. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1157. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0019928

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0019928

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-61784-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-70685-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation