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Feedback in written instruction: The place of response certitude

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Abstract

This paper reviews written feedback from an information-processing perspective. The first section discusses the question of feedback as a reinforcer, and describes the feedback paradigm used as a conceptual guide for the following sections. In the second section we evaluate research on the form and content of feedback. In the last section, a model is developed that applies concepts from servocontrol theory to the feedback sequence. Finally, we report three experiments which support the major predictions of the control model.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instructional Science Research Facility, Arizona State University, Payne Hall — FPE 0611, 85287-0611, Tempe, Arizona

    Raymond W. Kulhavy & William A. Stock

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  1. Raymond W. Kulhavy
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  2. William A. Stock
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Kulhavy, R.W., Stock, W.A. Feedback in written instruction: The place of response certitude. Educ Psychol Rev 1, 279–308 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01320096

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