Abstract
Energy efficiency is an important problem in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we consider the energy efficiency problem in a heterogeneous wireless sensor network which consists of energy-constrained sensor nodes and resource-rich relay nodes. We firstly formulate the minimum relay-connected sensor cover (MRCSC) problem for heterogeneous sensor networks. The purpose of this problem is to activate as small number of sensor nodes as possible while satisfying two requirements simultaneously: (1) all active sensor nodes must cover the task area completely; (2) all active sensor nodes must be relay connected to the backbone network formed by all relay nodes. Then we propose a distributed algorithm to construct the MRCSC of a randomly deployed heterogeneous sensor network. The basic idea of this algorithm is to construct the minimum sensor cover firstly and then ensure its relay connectivity afterwards. To construct the minimum sensor cover, we present a principle for selecting sensing nodes based on the triangle lattice. In order to guarantee the relay connectivity of selected sensing nodes, we propose verification and reinforcement procedures. Extensive simulations show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the coverage performance comparable to OGDC algorithm and effectively improve the relay connectivity of the sensor cover with small number of additional sensor nodes.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Akyildiz, I.F., Su, W., Sankarasubramaniam, Y., Cayirci, E.: Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey. Computer Networks (Elsevier) Journal, 393–422 (2004)
Elson, J., Estrin, D.: Sensor Networks: A Bridge to the Physical World. Wireless Sensor Networks (2004)
Cheng, X.Z., Du, D.Z., Wang, L.S., Xu, B.G.: Relay Sensor Playcement in Wireless Sensor Networks. IEEE Transactions on Computers (2001)
Cardei, M., Wu, J.: Energy-Efficient Coverage Problems in Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Networks. Journal of Computer Communications, Special Issue on Sensor Networks (2005)
Slijepcevic, S., Potkonjak, M.: Power Efficient Organization of Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Proc. of IEEE ICC 2001, Helsinki, Finland (2001)
Cardei, M., Wu, J.: Coverage in wireless Sensor Networks. Handbook of Sensor Networks. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2004)
Liu, B., Towsley, D.: A Study of the Coverage of Large-scale Sensor Networks. In: Proc. of the 1st IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Systems, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA (2004)
Zhang, H., Hou, J.C.: Maintaining sensing coverage and connectivity in large sensor networks. Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks: An International Journal 1, 89–123 (2005)
Paolo, S.: Topology control in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. ACM Comput. Surv. 37, 164–194 (2005)
Gupta, H., Das, S.R., Gu, Q.: Connected Sensor Cover: Self Organization of Sensor Networks for Efficient Query Execution. In: Proc. of the 4th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing. ACM Press, Annapolis (2003)
Yarvis, M., Kushalnagar, N., Singh, H., Rangarajan, A., Liu, Y., Singh, S.: Exploiting Heterogeneity in Sensor Networks. In: Proc. of IEEE INFOCOM (2005)
Mhatre, V., Rosenberg, C., Kofman, D., Mazumdar, R., Shroff, N.: A Minimum Cost Heterogeneous Sensor Network with a Lifetime Constraint. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 4, 4–15 (2005)
Mhatre, V., Rosenberg, C.: Homogeneous vs heterogeneous clustered sensor networks: a comparative study. In: Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications, pp. 3646–3651 (2004)
Lee, J.-J., Krishnamachari, B., Kuo, C.-C.J.: Impact of heterogeneous deployment on lifetime sensing coverage in sensor networks. In: Proc. of the 1st Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on SECON, pp. 367–376 (2004)
Cardei, I.: Energy-Efficient Target Coverage in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Proc. of IEEE International Conference on MASS, pp. 397–406 (2006)
Cardei, M., Wu, J., Lu, M.: Improving network lifetime using sensors with adjustable sensing ranges. International Journal of Sensor Networks 1, 41–49 (2006)
Cardei, M., Yang, S., Wu, J.: Fault-Tolerant Topology Control for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Proc. of IEEE Internatonal Conference on MASS, pp. 1–9 (2007)
Ning, L., Hou, J.C.: Topology control in heterogeneous wireless networks: Problems and Solution. In: Proc. of 13th Joint Conf. on IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (2004)
Kershner, R.: The Number of Circles Covering a Set. American Journal of Mathematics 61, 665–671 (1939)
Ye, F., Zhong, G., Lu, S., Zhang, L.: PEAS: A Robust Energy Conserving Protocol for Long-lived Sensor Networks. In: Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (2003)
Zhao, J., Govindan, R., Estrin, D.: Computing aggregates for monitoring wireless sensor networks. In: Proc. of IEEE International Workshop on Sensor Network Protocols and Applications, pp. 139–148 (2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 ICST Institute for Computer Science, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Jiang, J., Wen, J., Wu, G., Zhang, H., Dou, W. (2010). Constructing Minimum Relay Connected Sensor Cover in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Zheng, J., Mao, S., Midkiff, S.F., Zhu, H. (eds) Ad Hoc Networks. ADHOCNETS 2009. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 28. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11723-7_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11723-7_32
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-11722-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-11723-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)