Abstract
Billions of RDF triples are currently available on the Web through the Linked Open Data cloud (e.g., DBpedia, LinkedGeoData and New York Times). Governments, universities as well as companies (e.g., BBC, CNN) are also producing huge collections of RDF triples and exchanging them through different serialization formats (e.g., RDF/XML, Turtle, N-Triple, etc.). However, RDF descriptions (i.e., graphs and serializations) are verbose in syntax, often contain redundancies, and could be generated differently even when describing the same resources, which would have a negative impact on their processing. Hence, we propose here an approach to clean and eliminate redundancies from such RDF descriptions as a means of transforming different descriptions of the same information into one representation, which can then be tuned, depending on the target application (information retrieval, compression, etc.). Experimental tests show significant improvements, namely in reducing RDF description loading time and file size.
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Notes
- 1.
- 2.
We use disparities to designate different serializations of the same information.
- 3.
- 4.
Following the W3C Recommendation, we consider that all the prefixes have to be unique for each namespace.
- 5.
DT is a set of datatypes: string, number, date, etc.
- 6.
Lang is a set of language tags: @fr, @en, etc.
- 7.
\(st_{i}^{+}\), \(u_{i}\), \(p_{i}\), \(bn_{i}\), and \(l_{i}\) represent corresponding extended statements, IRIs, predicates, blank nodes, and literals.
- 8.
An unused namespace is a namespace which is mention in the serialization file but which is not use in any of the statements, i.e., it will not appear in the Graph.
- 9.
This is comparable to the notion of map function in [4] except that the authors do not consider namespaces.
- 10.
- 11.
Available at http://rdfn.sigappfr.org/.
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Acknowledgments
This work has been partly supported by FINCyT (Fund for Innovation, Science and Technology) of Peru.
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Ticona-Herrera, R., Tekli, J., Chbeir, R., Laborie, S., Dongo, I., Guzman, R. (2015). Toward RDF Normalization. In: Johannesson, P., Lee, M., Liddle, S., Opdahl, A., Pastor López, Ó. (eds) Conceptual Modeling. ER 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9381. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25264-3_19
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