Abstract
The paradigm of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) involves data management and the interconnection between machines-objects-people and processes. The key words of the revolution underway are:
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1.
information in real environments: AR (Augmented Reality);
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data management: Big Data and A.I (Artificial Intelligence);
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digital collaboration;
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intelligent objects: IoT (Internet of Things);
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5.
additive manufacturing: 3D printing.
Compared to the previous industrial revolutions (18th century: mechanical loom vs. iron and steel; 19th century: production line vs. reinforced concrete, 20th century: automation manufacturing vs. precast concrete), today buildings are fully involved in Industry 4.0, alongside all other industrial sectors and services sectors. Therefore, the new approach to production and the use of products involves objects, subjects and processes, integrated among each other through the generation of common information in continuous evolution. Such information needs to be collected (in a structured way), processed (precisely and statistically), redistributed (openly and transparently). With regard to the quality of the works and to the competitiveness of the sector, Regulation no. 305/2011 (European Commission, Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council, Official Journal of the European Union, Strasbourg, [5]) obliges all producers to declare the technical characteristics of construction products before their commercialization. Today such information on products must be made available in an open and standardized form (Reg. no. 1025/2012, par. 3), guaranteeing data transparency for the public and private sectors. In the building sector, the main means to convey information has historically been represented by designs and related documents. In the first technological transit, from the drafting machine to CAD (Computer Aided Design), not much changed, if not in a merely technological sense, more than in a procedural sense. The use of CAD (vector software), as in the case of the drafting machine, involves the management of vectors and texts for the representation of concepts. The interaction between technicians takes place through the use of analogical or digital means, thus “static”, remote from the process.
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Notes
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BS 1192-1:2007—Collaborative production of architectural, engineering and construction information—Code of practice.
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CDE rules are those indicated in Regulation BS 1192-1:2007, since the sole additional specifications of the specific technical regulation (PAS) 1192-2:2013 cannot be used.
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BS 1192-2:2013—Single source of information for any given project, used to collect, manage and disseminate all relevant approved project document for multidisciplinary teams in a managed process. Note: a CDE may use a project server, an extranet, a file-based retrieval system or other suitable toolset.
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BS 1192-1:2007.
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PAS 1192-2:2013.
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UNI 11337-1:2017.
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Understood both as general client and as the client of the single stages of the process: strategy, planning, construction or execution (one or more stages).
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UNI 11337-5:2017:
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Informative Tender Specifications (CI—Capitolato Informativo): Clarification of needs and information requisites required by the client to the Appointed party.
Note—The Information Tender Specifications correspond, in their essential lines, to the Employer Information Requirement (EIR) of PAS 1192-2:2013.
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Only in this way the various WIPs remain reserved to the sole compilers of the information. Although filtered, the access to each part of the CDE (as for all DBs) is always open to the System Manager, which allows to have a truly reserved WIP, with the exclusion of who is also System Manager.
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The functionalities of self-composition of the objects starting from the information coming from INNOVance were tested with Autodesk’s Revit 2013.
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Daniotti, B., Pavan, A., Lupica Spagnolo, S., Caffi, V., Pasini, D., Mirarchi, C. (2020). Collaborative Working in a BIM Environment (BIM Platform). In: BIM-Based Collaborative Building Process Management. Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32889-4_4
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