[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

On Measuring Engagement Level During Child-Robot Interaction in Education

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Robotics in Education (RiE 2019)

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 1023))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The introduction of social robots in education has been a major theme in robotics research in recent years. Various studies have been conducted that demonstrate the merits of using robots as teachers or teacher assistants. These studies are mainly focused on activities where the child interacts with the robot to achieve a certain educational or therapeutic goal. The principal reason that robots in education are observed to have a positive effect, is that children appear to be more engaged during the educational process when a robot is involved. This paper reviews the current literature on the subject of using social robots in education for the purposes of identifying the most appropriate methodologies in measuring the engagement levels of children during child-robot interactions, specifically focusing on interactions occurring in an educational or therapeutic setting.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
£29.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
GBP 19.95
Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
GBP 103.50
Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
GBP 129.99
Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Benitti, F.B.V.: Exploring the educational potential of robotics in schools: a systematic review. Comput. Educ. 58, 978–988 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Toh, L.P.E., Causo, A., Tzuo, P.-W., Chen, I.-M., Yeo, S.H.: A review on the use of robots in education and young children. J. Educ. Technol. Soc. 19, 148–163 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Alimisis, D.: Educational robotics: open questions and new challenges. Themes Sci. Technol. Educ. 6, 63–71 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Dimitrova, M., Wagatsuma, H.: Designing humanoid robots with novel roles and social abilities. Lovotics 3, 2 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Lytridis, C., Vrochidou, E., Chatzistamatis, S., Kaburlasos, V.: Social engagement interaction games between children with autism and humanoid robot NAO. In: Graña, M., López-Guede, J.M., Etxaniz, O., Herrero, Á., Sáez, J.A., Quintián, H., Corchado, E. (eds.) Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, pp. 562–570. Springer, Cham (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Lytridis, C., Vrochidou, E., Kaburlasos, V.: Emotional speech recognition toward modulating the behavior of a social robot. In: Proceedings of the 2018 JSME Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics, Kitakyushu, Japan (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Vrochidou, E., Najoua, A., Lytridis, C., Salonidis, M., Ferelis, V., Papakostas, G.A.: Social robot NAO as a self-regulating didactic mediator: a case study of teaching/learning numeracy. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM 2018), Symposium on: Robotic and ICT Assisted Wellbeing, Split, Croatia (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kaburlasos, V., Vrochidou, E.: Social robots for pedagogical rehabilitation: trends and novel modeling principles. In: Dimitrova, M., Wagatsuma, H. (eds.) Cyber-Physical Systems for Social Applications. Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing (ASASEHPC), pp. 1–21. IGI Global (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ehlers, J., Strauch, C., Huckauf, A.: A view to a click: pupil size changes as input command in eyes-only human-computer interaction. Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud. 119, 28–34 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Tuisku, O., Surakka, V., Vanhala, T., Rantanen, V., Lekkala, J.: Wireless face interface: using voluntary gaze direction and facial muscle activations for human-computer interaction. Interact. Comput. 24(1), 1–9 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Schwarz, J., Marais, C.C., Leyvand, T., Hudson, S.E., Mankoff, J.: Combining body pose, gaze, and gesture to determine intention to interact in vision-based interfaces. In: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2014, pp. 3443–3452 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Steinfeld, A., Fong, T., Kaber, D., Lewis, M., Scholtz, J., Schultz, A., Goodrich, M.: Common metrics for human-robot interaction. In: HRI 2006: Proceedings of the 2006 ACM Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, pp. 33–40. ACM, New York (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Murphy, R.R., Schreckenghost, D.: Survey of metrics for human-robot interaction. In: ACM/IEEE International Conference Human-Robot Interact, pp. 197–198 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Jeon, M., Fakhrhosseini, M., Barnes, J., Duford, Z., Zhang, R., Ryan, J., Vasey, E.: Making live theatre with multiple robots as actors. In: Human-Robot Interaction, pp. 445–446 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ahn, J., Yang, H., Kim, G.J., Kim, N., Choi, K., Yeon, H., Hyun, E., Jo, M., Han, J.: Projector robot for augmented children’s play. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction - HRI 2011 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kao, M.C., Chen, C.L.A., Ko, C.M.: Work in progress - using robot in developing the concept of angle for elementary school children. In: Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Barco, A., Albo-Canals, J., Garriga, C.: Engagement based on a customization of an iPod-LEGO robot for a long-term interaction for an educational purpose. In: Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction - HRI 2014 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Park, S.J., Han, J.H., Kang, B.H., Shin, K.C.: Teaching assistant robot, ROBOSEM, in English class and practical issues for its diffusion. In: Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts, ARSO (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Hyun, E., Yoon, H.: Characteristics of young children’s utilization of a robot during play time: a case study. In: Proceedings - IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Xu, T.L., Zhang, H., Yu, C.: See you see me: the role of eye contact in multimodal human-robot interaction. ACM Trans. Interact. Intell. Syst. 6, 1–22 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Tanaka, F., Ghosh, M.: The implementation of care-receiving robot at an english learning school for children. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction - HRI 2011 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Yu, C., Scheutz, M., Schermerhorn, P.: Investigating multimodal real-time patterns of joint attention in an HRI word learning task. In: 2010 5th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Jacq, A., Lemaignan, S., Garcia, F., Dillenbourg, P., Paiva, A.: Building successful long child-robot interactions in a learning context. In: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Leite, I., McCoy, M., Ullman, D., Salomons, N., Scassellati, B.: Comparing models of disengagement in individual and group interactions. In: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction - HRI 2015 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Szafir, D., Mutlu, B.: Pay attention!: designing adaptive agents that monitor and improve user engagement. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Gordon, G., Breazeal, C., Engel, S.: Can children catch curiosity from a social robot? In: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction - HRI 2015 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Admoni, H., Datsikas, C., Scassellati, B.: Speech and gaze conflicts in collaborative human-robot interactions. In: Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference on Cognitive Science Society (CogSci 2014) (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Vázquez, M., Steinfeld, A., Hudson, S.E., Forlizzi, J.: Spatial and other social engagement cues in a child-robot interaction. In: Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction - HRI 2014 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Verner, I.M., Polishuk, A., Krayner, N.: Science class with RoboThespian: using a robot teacher to make science fun and engage students. IEEE Robot. Autom. Mag. 23(2), 74–80 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Jeon, M., Barnes, J., Fakhrhosseini, M., Vasey, E., Duford, Z., Zheng, Z., Dare, E.: Robot opera: a modularized afterschool program for STEAM education at local elementary school. In: 14th International Conference on Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence, URAI 2017, pp. 935–936 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Aslam, S., Shopland, N., Standen, P.J., Burton, A., Brown, D.: A comparison of humanoid and non humanoid robots in supporting the learning of pupils with severe intellectual disabilities. In: Proceedings - 2016 International Conference on Interactive Technologies and Games EduRob Conjunction with iTAG 2016, iTAG 2016, pp. 7–12 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Malik, N.A., Yussof, H., Hanapiah, F.A., Anne, S.J.: Human Robot Interaction (HRI) between a humanoid robot and children with cerebral palsy: experimental framework and measure of engagement. In: IECBES 2014, Conference Proceedings - 2014 IEEE Conference Biomedical Engineering and Sciences “Miri, Where Engineering in Medicine and Biology and Humanity Meeting”, pp. 430–435 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Kärnä-Lin, E., Pihlainen-Bednarik, K., Sutinen, E., Virnes, M.: Can robots teach? Preliminary results on educational robotics in special education. In: Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2006), Kerkrade, The Netherlands, pp. 319–321 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Bugmann, J., Karsenti, T.: Learning to program a humanoid robot: impact on special education students. In: Mikropoulos, T.A. (ed.) Research on e-Learning and ICT in Education: Technological, Pedagogical and Instructional Perspectives, pp. 323–337. Springer, Cham (2018)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  35. Akalin, N., Uluer, P., Kose, H., Ince, G.: Humanoid robots communication with participants using sign language: an interaction based sign language game. In: Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts, ARSO, pp. 181–186 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Scassellati, B., Admoni, H., Matarić, M.: Robots for use in autism research. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 14, 275–294 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Ricks, D.J., Colton, M.B.: Trends and considerations in robot-assisted autism therapy. In: Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 4354–4359 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Lewis, L., Charron, N., Clamp, C., Craig, M.: Soft systems methodology as a tool to aid a pilot study in robot-assisted therapy. In: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, April 2016, pp. 467–468 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Barakova, E.I., Vanderelst, D.: From spreading of behavior to dyadic interaction—a robot learns what to imitate. Int. J. Intell. Syst. 29, 495–524 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Huskens, B., Palmen, A., Van der Werff, M., Lourens, T., Barakova, E.I.: Improving collaborative play between children with autism spectrum disorders and their siblings: the effectiveness of a robot-mediated intervention based on Lego® therapy. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 45, 3746–3755 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Simut, R.E., Vanderfaeillie, J., Peca, A., Van de Perre, G., Vanderborght, B.: Children with autism spectrum disorders make a fruit salad with probo, the social robot: an interaction study. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 46, 113–126 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Clabaugh, C., Becerra, D., Deng, E., Ragusa, G., Matarić, M.: Month-long, in-home case study of a socially assistive robot for children with autism spectrum disorder. In: Companion 2018 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction - HRI 2018, pp. 87–88 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Costa, S., Lehmann, H., Dautenhahn, K., Robins, B., Soares, F.: Using a humanoid robot to elicit body awareness and appropriate physical interaction in children with autism. Int. J. Soc. Robot. 7, 265–278 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Tapus, A., Peca, A., Aly, A., Pop, C., Jisa, L., Pintea, S., Rusu, A.S., David, D.O., Hammouda, O., Borbély, G.: Children with autism social engagement in interaction with Nao, an imitative robot: a series of single case experiments. Interact. Stud. 13, 315–347 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Iacono, I., Lehmann, H., Marti, P., Robins, B., Dautenhahn, K.: Robots as social mediators for children with Autism - a preliminary analysis comparing two different robotic platforms. In: 2011 IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning (ICDL), pp. 1–6 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  46. English, B.A., Coates, A., Howard, A.: Recognition of gestural behaviors expressed by humanoid robotic platforms for teaching affect recognition to children with autism - a healthy subjects pilot study. In: Kheddar, A., Yoshida, E., Sam, S., Suzuki, G., Cabibihan, J.-J., Eyssel, F., and He, H. (eds.) Social Robotics, ICSR 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 567–576. Springer, Cham (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Mavadati, S.M., Feng, H., Salvador, M., Silver, S., Gutierrez, A., Mahoor, M.H.: Robot-based therapeutic protocol for training children with Autism. In: 25th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, RO-MAN 2016, pp. 855–860 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Kajopoulos, J., Wong, A.H.Y., Yuen, A.W.C., Dung, T.A., Kee, T.Y., Wykowska, A.: Robot-assisted training of joint attention skills in children diagnosed with autism. In: Tapus, A., André, E., Martin, J.-C., Ferland, F., Ammi, M. (eds.) International Conference on Social Robotics, pp. 296–305. Springer, Cham (2015)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  49. Robins, B., Dautenhahn, K., Dickerson, P.: From isolation to communication: a case study evaluation of robot assisted play for children with autism with a minimally expressive humanoid robot. In: Proceedings of 2nd International Conferences on Advances in Computer-Human Interactions, ACHI 2009, pp. 205–211 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  50. van Straten, C.L., Smeekens, I., Barakova, E.I., Glennon, J., Buitelaar, J., Chen, A.: Effects of robots’ intonation and bodily appearance on robot-mediated communicative treatment outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder. Pers. Ubiquitous Comput. 22, 379–390 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Suzuki, R., Lee, J., Rudovic, O.: NAO-dance therapy for children with ASD. In: Proceedings of the Companion 2017 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction - HRI 2017, pp. 295–296 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Shamsuddin, S., Yussof, H., Ismail, L., Hanapiah, F.A., Mohamed, S., Piah, H.A., Zahari, N.I.: Initial response of autistic children in human-robot interaction therapy with humanoid robot NAO. In: 2012 IEEE 8th International Colloquium on Signal Processing and its Applications, pp. 188–193 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Warren, Z.E., Zheng, Z., Swanson, A.R., Bekele, E., Zhang, L., Crittendon, J.A., Weitlauf, A.F., Sarkar, N.: Can robotic interaction improve joint attention skills? J. Autism Dev. Disord. 45, 3726–3734 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Saadatzi, M.N., Pennington, R.C., Welch, K.C., Graham, J.H.: Small-group technology-assisted instruction: virtual teacher and robot peer for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 48, 3816–3830 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Greczek, J., Kaszubski, E., Atrash, A., Matarić, M.: Graded cueing feedback in robot-mediated imitation practice for children with autism spectrum disorders. In: The 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, pp. 561–566 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  56. Hirokawa, M., Funahashi, A., Pan, Y., Itoh, Y., Suzuki, K.: Design of a robotic agent that measures smile and facing behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder. In: 25th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, RO-MAN 2016, pp. 843–848 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  57. Bevill, R., Park, C.H., Kim, H.J., Lee, J.W., Rennie, A., Jeon, M., Howard, A.M.: Interactive robotic framework for multi-sensory therapy for children with autism spectrum disorder. In: 2016 11th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), pp. 421–422 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Petric, F., Miklić, D., Kovaĉić, Z.: POMDP-based coding of child-robot interaction within a robot-assisted ASD diagnostic protocol. Int. J. Humanoid Robot. 15, 2–6 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Papakostas, G.A., Strolis, A.K., Panagiotopoulos, F., Aitsidis, C.N.: Social robot selection: a case study in education. In: 2018 26th International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM), Split, pp. 1–4 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

This research has been co-financed by the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH – CREATE – INNOVATE (project code: T1EDK-00929).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. HUman-MAchines INteraction (HUMAIN) Lab, International Hellenic University, Agios Loukas, Kavala, 65404, Greece

    Chris Lytridis, Christos Bazinas, George A. Papakostas & Vassilis Kaburlasos

Authors
  1. Chris Lytridis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Christos Bazinas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. George A. Papakostas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Vassilis Kaburlasos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to George A. Papakostas .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Practical Robotics Institute Austria, Vienna, Austria

    Munir Merdan

  2. Practical Robotics Institute Austria, Vienna, Austria

    Wilfried Lepuschitz

  3. Practical Robotics Institute Austria, Vienna, Austria

    Gottfried Koppensteiner

  4. Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Richard Balogh

  5. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

    David Obdržálek

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Lytridis, C., Bazinas, C., Papakostas, G.A., Kaburlasos, V. (2020). On Measuring Engagement Level During Child-Robot Interaction in Education. In: Merdan, M., Lepuschitz, W., Koppensteiner, G., Balogh, R., Obdržálek, D. (eds) Robotics in Education. RiE 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1023. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26945-6_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation