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意大利的水服务和水政策

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可持续发展与环境管理

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摘要

意大利的水供应覆盖了 96%的人口, 而污水系统和废水处理的“当量居民”的人口覆盖率分别为 84%和 75%。 1994年, 意大利在水领域开展了一次彻底的改革, 目的是要利用该行业存在的规模和范围经济。此次改革提倡水服务的一体化, 即水的供应、收集和处理的一体化; 同时提倡通过同一个公司对整个国家的水服务进行管理。消费者必须承担所有的费用, 因为改革过程需要相应的投资。在未来 15 年里, 水服务的价格将上涨, 但通过实行合理的区别性定价, 负面的社会影响将可得到避免。改革遭到了过去一直负责水服务的地方政府的强烈反对。现在, 改革已经覆盖了全国大部分地区, 但是, 由于地方政府更愿意直接将水服务委托给国有公司, 从而反对以招标形式选择管理公司, 致使改革仍然面临着许多困难。

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Reference

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 帕多瓦大学经济科学系, 威尼斯, 意大利

    G. Muraro

Authors
  1. G. Muraro
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. 意大利环境, 国土与海洋部, 罗马, 意大利

    Corrado Clini

  2. 意大利威尼斯国际大学, 威尼斯, 意大利

    Ignazio Musu

  3. 都灵大学农业创新中心, 都灵, 意大利

    Maria Lodovica Gullino

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Muraro, G. (2008). 意大利的水服务和水政策. In: Clini, C., Musu, I., Gullino, M.L. (eds) 可持续发展与环境管理. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8229-0_5

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