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Search Results (4)

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Journal = Reports
Section = Obstetrics/Gynaecology

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7 pages, 367 KiB  
Case Report
“Crocus Flower”: Voriconazole-Induced Hallucinations and Visual Disturbances in a Patient with Recurrent Severe Vulvovaginitis—A Case Report on Irrational Drug Use
by Svetoslav Stoev and Hristina Lebanova
Reports 2024, 7(4), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7040105 - 22 Nov 2024
Viewed by 536
Abstract
Background and Clinical Significance: Voriconazole is a commonly prescribed second-generation azole used for the prevention and treatment of fungal infections. This report seeks to elucidate the relationship between certain intravenous infusion parameters and the causality and severity of potential visual adverse events associated [...] Read more.
Background and Clinical Significance: Voriconazole is a commonly prescribed second-generation azole used for the prevention and treatment of fungal infections. This report seeks to elucidate the relationship between certain intravenous infusion parameters and the causality and severity of potential visual adverse events associated with voriconazole administration, despite existing reports of visual disturbances such as hallucinations and altered visual perception, the underlying causes of which remain inadequately understood. Case Presentation: This case report describes a 32-year-old female patient who experienced sudden hallucinations and visual impairments after receiving an initial dose of intravenous voriconazole for the treatment of recurrent severe vulvovaginitis caused by Candida glabrata. The symptoms quickly disappeared when the dosage and infusion rate were reduced as per the recommendations of the clinical pharmacist. Conclusions: This example emphasizes the possible negative drug responses linked to voriconazole, especially those provoked by its irrational use described as an inappropriate infusion rate, and the crucial role of clinical pharmacists in recognizing and handling these reactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Obstetrics/Gynaecology)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Probability assessment of the observed ADR, modified from Naranjo CA et al. A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions. <span class="html-italic">Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.</span> <b>1981</b>, <span class="html-italic">30</span>, 239245. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B2-reports-07-00105" class="html-bibr">2</a>]. Copyright 1981 Hoboken, NJ, USA John Wiley and Sons, License Number 5893661118754.</p> Full article ">
6 pages, 499 KiB  
Brief Report
Relationship Between Plasma Acid Sphingomyelinase and Alteration in Taste and Smell as Indicator of Long COVID in Pregnant Women
by Federico Fiorani, Giulia Moretti, Laura Cerquiglini, Chiara Gizzi, Giulia Gizzi, Paola Signorelli, Samuela Cataldi, Tommaso Beccari, Elisa Delvecchio, Claudia Mazzeschi, Stefania Troiani and Elisabetta Albi
Reports 2024, 7(4), 104; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7040104 - 21 Nov 2024
Viewed by 583
Abstract
Background: Persistent alterations in taste and smell affect a significant proportion of individuals following COVID-19, representing a component of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, commonly referred to as long COVID. The degradation of sphingomyelin by acid sphingomyelinase is regarded as a biomarker for acquired demyelinating [...] Read more.
Background: Persistent alterations in taste and smell affect a significant proportion of individuals following COVID-19, representing a component of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, commonly referred to as long COVID. The degradation of sphingomyelin by acid sphingomyelinase is regarded as a biomarker for acquired demyelinating neuropathies. Objectives: This study was aimed to enroll women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy and experienced persistent alterations in taste and/or smell for more than 1 year post-infection, in comparison to pregnant women without any disturbances in these senses. Methods: The patients were subjected to a questionnaire investigating smell and taste disorders more than 1 year after the infection. Then, the levels of acid sphingomyelinase in the plasma of the participants were assessed. Results: The results showed that in women who had been pregnant and who had been infected with SARS Cov-2 during the COVID period and who still had taste and smell disorders 1 year later, plasma acid sphingomyelinase levels were double that of pregnant women who had contracted the infection during the COVID period but had not reported taste and smell disorders and that of pregnant women analyzed after the COVID period. Conclusions: The results suggest a hypothesis that the persistence of sensory disturbances in long COVID was probably due to a failure to utilize brain circuitry with demyelination resulting from chemosensory dysfunction of the olfactory epithelium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Obstetrics/Gynaecology)
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Figure 1
<p>aSMase level in the serum of women who had infection of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy one year before the analysis. Comparison among women controls (CTR, 10 mothers), women who had alterations in taste and/or smell (eight mothers) and women without alterations (five mothers). Data were expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments performed in triplicate for each patient. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 women with disturbance in taste and smell versus women without disturbance in taste and smell and versus CTR.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Expression of SMPD1 gene in serum of women who had infection of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy one year before the analysis. GAPDH and 18S rRNA were used as housekeeping genes. mRNA relative expression levels were calculated as 2<sup>−ΔΔCt</sup>, comparing the results of the COVID-19 patients with the control sample (CTR, without COVID-19) equal to one, the origin of the axes. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments performed in duplicate for each patient. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 versus CTR.</p> Full article ">
8 pages, 10293 KiB  
Case Report
A Case Report of the Synchronous Occurrence of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumour and Malignant Endometrial Polyp with Immunohistochemical Expression of Hormone Receptors and Biomarkers p-53 and Ki-67
by Krum Vladov, Ekaterina Uchikova, Maria Koleva-Ivanova, Kamen Yamakov, Veselin Belovezhdov, Gita Yamakova-Vladova and Eleonora Hristova-Atanasova
Reports 2024, 7(4), 103; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7040103 - 20 Nov 2024
Viewed by 420
Abstract
Background and Clinical Significance: Abnormal uterine bleeding during the postmenopausal years is a pathological sign that may be due to simultaneous intrauterine and ovarian pathology. Granulosa cell tumours of the ovary are malignant neoplasms producing oestradiol, which leads to the abnormal proliferation of [...] Read more.
Background and Clinical Significance: Abnormal uterine bleeding during the postmenopausal years is a pathological sign that may be due to simultaneous intrauterine and ovarian pathology. Granulosa cell tumours of the ovary are malignant neoplasms producing oestradiol, which leads to the abnormal proliferation of the endometrium, precancerous lesions, and endometrial carcinoma type I. Case Presentation: The authors present a clinical case of a 67-year-old woman with postmenopausal bleeding who underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and partial omentectomy. The histopathological examination showed a granulosa cell adult-type ovarian tumour and a malignant endometrial polyp with atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium. Conclusions: The immunohistochemical analysis of the malignant endometrial polyp confirmed the expression of oestrogen, progesterone receptors, and the biomarker Ki-67. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Sectional surface of the uterus with an endometrial polyp from the fundus of the uterus; histological result: malignant endometrial polyp.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>(<b>a</b>) Foci of endometrial atypical hyperplasia showing architectural features on low magnification: crowded aggregates with altered and branching glands. In these areas of AEH, the glands exceeded the stroma, haematoxylin–eosin, ×50. (<b>b</b>) Fragment of the endometrial polyp characterised by the presence of atypical hyperplastic features confined to the polyp, haematoxylin–eosin, ×50. (<b>c</b>) The tumour cells are arranged predominantly in a micropapillary pattern in which they surround small spaces containing eosinophilic material (Call–Exner bodies), haematoxylin–eosin, ×50. (<b>d</b>) The tumour cells have uniform pale round nuclei with nuclear grooves (coffee beans) and scant cytoplasm, haematoxylin–eosin, ×400.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>An additional immunohistochemical examination showed that the atypical hyperplastic glands confined to the polyp showed a strong expression for (<b>a</b>) ER, anti-ER ×100; (<b>b</b>) PR, anti-PR ×100; (<b>c</b>) the immunohistochemical examination presented a lack of expression of Ki-67, anti Ki-67 ×100; (<b>d</b>) the immunohistochemical examination presented a lack of expression of p-53, anti-p53 ×100.</p> Full article ">Figure 3 Cont.
<p>An additional immunohistochemical examination showed that the atypical hyperplastic glands confined to the polyp showed a strong expression for (<b>a</b>) ER, anti-ER ×100; (<b>b</b>) PR, anti-PR ×100; (<b>c</b>) the immunohistochemical examination presented a lack of expression of Ki-67, anti Ki-67 ×100; (<b>d</b>) the immunohistochemical examination presented a lack of expression of p-53, anti-p53 ×100.</p> Full article ">
5 pages, 174 KiB  
Case Report
Management of Pregnancy in a Patient with Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Previous Myocardial Infarction—Treatment with LDL Apheresis: A Case Report
by Milos Milincic, Jovana Todorovic, Stefan Dugalic, Ivana Novakovic, Maja Macura, Katarina Lalic and Miroslava Gojnic Dugalic
Reports 2024, 7(2), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7020039 - 19 May 2024
Viewed by 1121
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic disorder marked by elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), poses significant risks for premature atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, particularly during pregnancy. One of the safe methods of treating this condition in pregnancy is with the use of LDL apheresis. We [...] Read more.
Familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic disorder marked by elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), poses significant risks for premature atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, particularly during pregnancy. One of the safe methods of treating this condition in pregnancy is with the use of LDL apheresis. We present a 38-year-old primigravida with homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH), ischemic cardiomyopathy, and angina pectoris. Two years before conception, extremely elevated lipid levels prompted statin therapy and lifestyle changes. Stent placements followed acute myocardial infarction. When planning pregnancy, statins were discontinued, but lipid levels elevated. LDL apheresis was initiated, achieving a 60% reduction. Throughout pregnancy, 16 LDL apheresis sessions were performed every 14 days, maintaining optimal lipid profiles. A cesarean section was performed in the 38th week of gestation, delivering a healthy infant. The patient resumed statin therapy after 8 months of breastfeeding. The patient maintained cardiovascular health, demonstrating the feasibility of controlled HoFH pregnancies. This case highlights the successful management of HoFH during pregnancy using LDL apheresis, ensuring maternal and fetal well-being. Future research on novel treatments and their safety during pregnancy is essential for refining therapeutic approaches in similar cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology)
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