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11 pages, 218 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Airway Management and General Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients with Special Needs Undergoing Dental Surgery: A Retrospective Study

by Alessandra Ciccozzi, Ettore Lupi, Stefano Necozione, Filippo Giovannetti, Antonio Oliva, Roberta Ciuffini, Chiara Angeletti, Franco Marinangeli and Alba Piroli

Reports 2024, 7(3), 79; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7030079 - 17 Sep 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 748

Abstract

Background: The definition of patients with special needs (SNs) is used in the literature to refer to individuals with mental and physical disorders for whom the usual perioperative pathways are not applicable due to lack of cooperation, regardless of age. Studies in the [...] Read more.

Background: The definition of patients with special needs (SNs) is used in the literature to refer to individuals with mental and physical disorders for whom the usual perioperative pathways are not applicable due to lack of cooperation, regardless of age. Studies in the literature recognize the appropriateness of general anesthesia for performing day surgery dental care in this type of patient. Objectives: The main objective was to assess the possible incidence of difficult airway management, understood as difficulty ventilating and/or intubating the patient. A secondary objective was to highlight the influence of general anesthesia on patient outcomes by testing the incidence of perioperative complications. Methods: The present retrospective, single-center, observational study involved 41 uncooperative patients aged between 3 and 17 undergoing dental surgery under general anesthesia. Data relating to airway management and general anesthesia present in the medical records were analyzed. Results: Tracheal intubation was successfully completed in all of the patients considered, and in no case did the patient have to be woken up because of difficulty in airway management. No perioperative complications attributable to anesthesia were found in any patients. Conclusions: From the present experience, it can be concluded that general anesthesia is a suitable option for performing dental care in pediatric subjects with special needs, and that although the peculiar perioperative management of these patients might increase the risk of possible anesthesia-related side effects, no complications have been encountered in any case. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

12 pages, 3437 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparison of the Haas Expander and the Elastodontic Device for the Resolution of Transverse Discrepancies in Growing Patients: A Single-Centre Observational Study

by Eleonora Ortu, Sara Di Nicolantonio, Samuele Cova, Davide Pietropaoli, Lucia De Simone and Annalisa Monaco

Reports 2024, 7(2), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7020041 - 21 May 2024

Viewed by 884

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of using two different devices to treat upper palatal discrepancies evaluated with a digital intraoral scanner. Methods: A total of 64 patients were enrolled and treated with either an elastodontic expansion device (32 patient [...] Read more.

Background: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of using two different devices to treat upper palatal discrepancies evaluated with a digital intraoral scanner. Methods: A total of 64 patients were enrolled and treated with either an elastodontic expansion device (32 patient test group, 16 females and 16 males, mean age 7.08 ± 0.44) or Haas expander (32 patient control group, 16 females and 16 males, mean age 7.32 ± 0.50). The two groups exhibited similar orthodontic features. The orthodontic criteria were: skeletal class I relationship; molar class I relationship; complete eruption of upper sixths; presence of unilateral or bilateral cross bite. All dental casts were examined and subsequently scanned with an intraoral scanner (I-Tero) pre-treatment (T0) and 12 months after the onset of therapy (T1) to assess the distance between the decidous upper canines (ICW, intercanine width) and the distance between the mesiopalatal cusps of the upper first molars (IMW, intermolar width). For statistical analysis, the t-test for continous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables were used, respectively. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the mean and SD of the expansions that resulted from the Haas expander and the elastodontic devices (Haas expander vs. Eptamed: ICW_T1 (Haas) = 42.34 (3.09), ICW_T1 (Eptamed) = 42.69 (2.77); p = 0.743; IMW_T1 (Haas) = 34.22 (2.29), IMW_T1 (Eptamed) = 34.00 (2.56); p = 0.800). The two devices were similarly effective. Conclusions: Elastodontic devices and the Haas expander can successfully help the orthodontist to conduct upper arch expansion treatment. However, elastodontic devices are more comfortable during the resolution of palatal discrepancies compared to palatal expander devices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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Flow diagram of study population. Full article ">Figure 2
Linear measurements performed in this study to assess the transverse dimensions of the palate. Inter-canine width (ICW), inter-molar width (IMW). Full article ">Figure 3
The Equilibrator Eptamed 00 orange and the Equilibrator 00 orange in the oral cavity of the patient. As shown in the photo, the balancer embraces both arches and the upper part with the curvature is positioned at the level of the upper labial frenulum. Full article ">Figure 4
The Haas expander. As shown in the figure, the bands are placed on deciduous teeth. Full article ">Figure 5
Results of Wilcoxon test analysis. In the figure, there is a Barplot of the different values stratified by timing according to group “Eptamed” vs. group “HAAS”. The two groups exhibited similar results that are not statistically significant. Full article ">Figure 6
Intra-oral photos of a patient treated with the Eptamed device. Full article ">Figure 7
Intra-oral photos of a patient treated with the Haas Expander. Full article ">

Other

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7 pages, 1469 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Formwork Technique with Mesh in Elevations of Sinus Floors with Large Perforations of the Schneider Membrane: A Case Pilot

by Erick Rafael Fernández Castellano, Cosimo Galletti and Javier Flores Fraile

Reports 2024, 7(4), 113; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7040113 - 12 Dec 2024

Viewed by 334

Abstract

Background and Clinical Significance: Currently, maxillary sinus floor elevation is one of the most common procedures used in implantology practice. Despite its predictability, the technique is not without complications, such as graft material dispersion in the sinus cavity, wound dehiscence, hematoma, fenestrations, [...] Read more.

Background and Clinical Significance: Currently, maxillary sinus floor elevation is one of the most common procedures used in implantology practice. Despite its predictability, the technique is not without complications, such as graft material dispersion in the sinus cavity, wound dehiscence, hematoma, fenestrations, oroantral fistulas, epistaxis, acute sinusitis, and Schneider membrane perforations. The treatment of the latter can be complex, and depending on its extent, surgery deferral may be necessary, leading to increased patient morbidity. Case Presentation: A patient with apical surgery underwent sinus floor elevation with a significant Schneider membrane perforation using a new approach involving titanium mesh, resorbable membrane, and xenograft. This allowed the continuation of surgery, reducing the number of interventions and patient morbidity. Conclusions: Despite limitations due to a small sample size, this case report demonstrates that addressing large Schneider membrane perforations and placing implants is effective and predictable using the technology and approach of mesh formwork with titanium. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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(a) Initial planning with CBCT. It shows insufficient height for implant placement. (1) CBCT coronal slice; (2) CBCT panoramic frontal slice; (3) 3D reconstruction; (4) CBCT sagittal slice. (b) Planning and design with Blue Sky Bio software for the fabrication of the surgical guides used in the surgeries. (1) Blue Sky Bio sagittal slice; (2) Blue Sky Bio coronal slice; (3) Blue Sky Bio frontal slice; (4) Blue Sky Bio 3D reconstruction; (5) Blue Sky Bio panoramic frontal. (c) Stereolithographic model of the patient’s maxillary sinus for surgery simulation. (d) Verification of the surgical guide previously designed and printed on the stereolithographic model for the design of the maxillary sinus window. (e) Transfer by means of the surgical guide of the stereolithographic model measurements for the creation of the access window. Full article ">Figure 2
(a) Apical surgery: (1) retrograde obturation, (2) note the large perforation of the Schneider membrane. (b) Customized titanium mesh formwork design adapted to the stereolithographic model for subsequent transfer to the patient’s mouth. (c) Simulation of the formwork inside the sinus in caudal view. (d) Surgical guide previously used holding the formwork for its fixation. (e) Front view of the formwork with closed window and collagen membrane covering its interior to avoid loss of biomaterial. Full article ">Figure 3
(a) Design of the customized titanium mesh formwork fixed inside the patient’s maxillary sinus. (b) Formwork with collagen membrane and biomaterial before closing the formwork window. (c) The 5 × 5 oblique CBCT slice prior to implant placement, showing the absence of sinus pathology and bone gain. (1) CBCT coronal slice; (2) CBCT frontal slice; (3) 3D reconstruction; (4) CBCT sagittal slice. (d) Prosthetically guided implant placement using a previously fabricated surgical guide. (e) Two-year follow-up CBCT showing implant continuity and the absence of sinus pathology. (1) CBCT coronal slice; (2) 3D reconstruction; (3) CBCT sagittal slice; (4) CBCT panoramic frontal slice. Full article ">

14 pages, 9066 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Diode Laser with Scaling and Root Planing for Treating Generalized Periodontitis: Case Report and Analysis of the Relevant Literature

by Teodora Tene, Anca Maria Fratila, Vasile Calin Arcas, Mihai Sava and Corina Roman-Filip

Reports 2024, 7(4), 109; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7040109 - 5 Dec 2024

Viewed by 462

Abstract

This study evaluates the effectiveness of diode laser therapy, specifically the Biolase Epic X at 940 nm and 0.8–1 W, in conjunction with scaling and root planing (SRP) for treating generalized periodontitis. Background and Clinical Significance: A 32-year-old man underwent full-mouth disinfection [...] Read more.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of diode laser therapy, specifically the Biolase Epic X at 940 nm and 0.8–1 W, in conjunction with scaling and root planing (SRP) for treating generalized periodontitis. Background and Clinical Significance: A 32-year-old man underwent full-mouth disinfection and laser-assisted periodontal therapy, with follow-up at six months. Case Presentation: Significant improvements were observed, including reductions in bleeding on probing from 20% to 5%, in mean probing depth from 2.3 mm to 2.1 mm, and in clinical attachment level from −2.8 mm to −2.2 mm. Radiographic analysis showed a stabilization of bone loss and an 80% improvement in pathological sites. Conclusions: These findings indicate that diode laser therapy is an effective adjunct to SRP, enhancing periodontal health outcomes with minimal post-operative complications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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8 pages, 8240 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Oral Candidiasis in a Diabetic Patient Wearing Bar-Retained Provisional Overdenture: Clinical Case Report

by Christopher Diego Nicholson-Becerra, Mónica Orozco-Gallardo, Arturo Cisneros-Moya, Evangelina Gutiérrez-Cortés and Andréa Dolores Correia Miranda Valdivia

Reports 2024, 7(4), 96; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7040096 - 11 Nov 2024

Viewed by 662

Abstract

Background and Clinical Significance: Denture stomatitis is a clinical manifestation of oral candidiasis, often seen in individuals wearing removable dentures that lead to the formation of sub-prosthetic stomatitis. This is particularly common in maladjusted appliances that have been in use for many [...] Read more.

Background and Clinical Significance: Denture stomatitis is a clinical manifestation of oral candidiasis, often seen in individuals wearing removable dentures that lead to the formation of sub-prosthetic stomatitis. This is particularly common in maladjusted appliances that have been in use for many years. Studies have shown that patients with systemic diseases such as diabetes, or other medical complexities, have a higher likelihood of developing denture stomatitis. To address this problem, the use of implant-retained dentures with different types of attachments has been introduced, providing increased comfort and hygiene for edentulous patients. However, this solution is not without its own set of challenges, being that the prolonged contact with mucosal surfaces can lead to challenges in cleaning and managing plaque depending on the attachment. Case Presentation: In this clinical case report, we present a female patient who developed bar-retained prosthetic stomatitis induced by oral candidiasis a few months after receiving her provisional prosthesis. Conclusions: In conclusion, this case report emphasizes the need to consider both systemic and local factors when preventing and treating denture stomatitis. By understanding the risk factors involved, healthcare professionals can provide their patients with the best possible care, helping to reduce the prevalence of oral candidiasis in individuals who use implant-retained dentures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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(A) Panoramic radiographic image displaying the failed bar-retained attachment. (B) Bottom of the palate with white appearance and generalized inflammation. (C) Anterior part of maxilla with multinodular oval-shaped tissue. (D) Interior part of the overdenture with presence of plaque and a fracture in the posterior left side. Full article ">Figure 2
(A) Equipment used on the exfoliative cytology. (B) Microscopic image: glass slide stained with PAS observed under a microscope and we observe detached epithelial cells that contain elongated pseudo hyphae that indicates a colonization of the candida fungus. Full article ">Figure 3
(A) Implant from site 26 that was dislodged. (B) Hader bar attachment after being removed. (C) Maxilla with healing abutments placed. Full article ">Figure 4
(A) Implant with good peri-implant health. (B) Implant with good peri-implant health. (C) Implant with peri-implantitis and exposed threads. (D) Implant with peri-implantitis and mobility. Full article ">Figure 5
(A) Implants ready to receive the provisional overdenture without the metal bar and instead locator attachments were placed (one healing abutment on the right side of the maxilla since tissue was continuing healing). (B) Interior surface of the new heat-activated acrylic overdenture after try-in. (C) Frontal view of the overdenture in occlusion on patient’s mouth. Full article ">

9 pages, 3272 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Mural Unicystic Ameloblastoma of the Mandible: A Case Report

by Mina Al Azawi, Nikolaos Shinas, Vasileios Zisis, Dhurata Shosho, Athanasios Poulopoulos and Deeba Kashtwari

Reports 2024, 7(4), 93; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7040093 - 7 Nov 2024

Viewed by 643

Abstract

Background and Clinical Significance: Among the odontogenic tumors, ameloblastoma is one of the most notorious, although it remains relatively rare, accounting for approximately one percent of all oral tumors. This neoplasm, derived from odontogenic epithelium, may arise from the developing enamel organ, [...] Read more.

Background and Clinical Significance: Among the odontogenic tumors, ameloblastoma is one of the most notorious, although it remains relatively rare, accounting for approximately one percent of all oral tumors. This neoplasm, derived from odontogenic epithelium, may arise from the developing enamel organ, epithelial cell rests of dental lamina, epithelial lining of odontogenic cysts, and basal cells of oral epithelium. This is a case presentation of a mural unicystic ameloblastoma, the most aggressive subtype and the one with the highest chance of recurrence. Case Presentation: A patient was referred by his dentist for root canal treatment at the Emergency Dental Clinic of Boston University. The patient complained of mandibular numbness. A panoramic radiograph was acquired, revealing a radiolucent lesion in the right mandible. Clinical examination detected a soft swelling perforating the buccal cortex in the area of #27–#30. A Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) was acquired in the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Clinic revealing a well-defined, partially corticated entity in the periapical area of teeth #27 through #30, with evidence of scalloping borders. The internal structure was unilocular and uniformly low-density. The entity caused interruption of the lamina dura of the associated teeth and inferior displacement of the inferior alveolar canal. Differential diagnoses included unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) and central giant cell granuloma as a second less likely diagnosis. An incisional biopsy was performed for further evaluation. Biopsy confirmed UA with mural involvement. Conclusions: UAs typically exhibit less aggressive behavior. However, cases like this one, where mural involvement is noted and no associated impaction is detected, underline the possibility of variable radiographic presentation and the significance of a multidisciplinary approach in correct diagnosis and treatment. Histological subtyping is crucial for guiding treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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The yellow arrowhead shows a unilocular lesion detected in the area of #27–30. Full article ">Figure 2
The yellow arrowheads show the unilocular intrabony lesion. There is evidence of root resorption in the apical third of the roots. Full article ">Figure 3
Oblique sagittal views on a CBCT study. The yellow arrowheads show evidence of root resorption and scalloping between the roots of the involved teeth. Full article ">Figure 4
Oblique sagittal and cross-sectional views on a CBCT study. The yellow arrowheads point to the interruption of the lamina dura, the inferior displacement of the inferior alveolar canal, and the thinning/expansion/interruption of the buccal and lingual cortices. Full article ">Figure 5
Panoramic reconstruction of the volume. The right inferior alveolar canal is interrupted and displaced inferiorly (yellow arrowhead). Full article ">Figure 6
H&E (low and medium power views, (100 μm, 500 μm, 100 μm), from left to right): The cyst epithelial lining shows ameloblastic differentiation with hyperchromatic basal epithelial cells exhibiting reverse polarization. Neoplastic epithelial islands exhibiting ameloblastic differentiation are noted in the connective tissue consistent with mural involvement. Full article ">Figure 7
H&E (medium and high power views, (100 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm), from left to right): Scattered epithelial islands exhibiting ameloblastic differentiation are noted in the connective tissue wall of the cyst consistent with mural involvement. The peripheral cuboidal or columnar cells in the epithelial island appear hyperchromatic and exhibit reverse polarization. The central cells are loosely arranged mimicking the stellate reticulum. Full article ">

7 pages, 5123 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Concurrent Onset of Central Retinal Vein Occlusion and Inflammation of a Large Maxillary Odontogenic Cyst: Case Report and Analysis

by Vlatko Kopić, Andrijana Kopić, Mihael Mišir and Sanjin Petrović

Reports 2024, 7(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7030055 - 14 Jul 2024

Viewed by 715

Abstract

Central retinal vein occlusion typically manifests in older individuals with underlying systemic pathology, leading to a spectrum of symptoms ranging from blurred vision to complete vision loss. While odontogenic infections are recognized for causing complications affecting the eye and vision, their potential role [...] Read more.

Central retinal vein occlusion typically manifests in older individuals with underlying systemic pathology, leading to a spectrum of symptoms ranging from blurred vision to complete vision loss. While odontogenic infections are recognized for causing complications affecting the eye and vision, their potential role as an etiological factor in cases of sudden vision impairment merits consideration. This article presents a case involving central retinal vein thrombosis, wherein resolution was achieved through a combination of ophthalmic therapy and the surgical removal of a concurrently existing large inflamed odontogenic cyst located in the ipsilateral hemimaxilla. This case underscores the importance of recognizing odontogenic factors in the assessment of sudden vision impairment and the efficacy of a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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6 pages, 3804 KiB

Open AccessInteresting Images

Gingival Cyst of the Adult: A Case Description with a Relevant Literature Analysis

by Marta Forte, Antonio d’Amati, Alfonso Manfuso, Massimiliano Vittoli, Giorgia Girone, Eliano Cascardi and Saverio Capodiferro

Reports 2024, 7(3), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7030051 - 24 Jun 2024

Viewed by 1710

Abstract

Gingival cysts of the adult are rare and benign odontogenic lesions of the oral cavity, accounting for almost 0.3% of all odontogenic cysts. Their differential diagnosis is still challenging for surgeons as it includes other gingival inflammatory or non-inflammatory lesions and peripheral odontogenic [...] Read more.

Gingival cysts of the adult are rare and benign odontogenic lesions of the oral cavity, accounting for almost 0.3% of all odontogenic cysts. Their differential diagnosis is still challenging for surgeons as it includes other gingival inflammatory or non-inflammatory lesions and peripheral odontogenic tumors. The aim of this paper is to report a new case occurring in an adult, analyzing the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological features as guidelines for a differential diagnosis. We report a 49-year-old patient complaining of a small, pigmented lesion localized on the attached gingiva with no history of trauma, which was surgically excised and histologically diagnosed as a gingival cyst. A differential diagnosis may be challenging for clinicians it includes a wide spectrum of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions, so a correct diagnostical–therapeutical approach is needed to avoid possible overtreatment and minimize the recurrence rate. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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6 pages, 2673 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Endoscopic Surgical Approach for a Mesiodens in the Nasal Cavity: A Rare Phenomenon

by Enzo Iacomino, Chiara Fratini, Federica Zoccali, Francesca Cambria, Matteo Laudani, Alberto Eibenstein, Christian Barbato, Marco de Vincentiis and Antonio Minni

Reports 2024, 7(2), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7020046 - 13 Jun 2024

Viewed by 760

Abstract

The nasal cavity is a sporadic site for mesiodens, and if it is impacted in the lower nasal floor or localized in the nasal septum, it may cause various nasal symptoms such as nasal obstruction, recurrent rhinitis, and epistaxis. Early diagnosis is made [...] Read more.

The nasal cavity is a sporadic site for mesiodens, and if it is impacted in the lower nasal floor or localized in the nasal septum, it may cause various nasal symptoms such as nasal obstruction, recurrent rhinitis, and epistaxis. Early diagnosis is made through clinical findings and a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, but a definite treatment plan has not yet been developed. This study aims to present a case of a mesiodens in a 27-year-old male, located in the nasal septum, an unusual and rare site, and its surgical removal using an endoscopic nasal approach with subperiosteal intranasal dissection. The result of the study appears significant because this technique led to fewer postoperative complications, and it appears to be safer and more effective than the traditional palatal or transoral approach. Moreover, the nasal endoscopic approach is more natural to the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgeons than the transoral approach. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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12 pages, 5608 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Leukocyte-Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Bone Regeneration after Periapical Surgery: A 30-Month Follow-Up Clinical Report

by Hatim A. Qurban, Hatem Hazzaa Hamadallah, Mohammad A. Madkhaly, Muhannad M. Hakeem and Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi

Reports 2024, 7(2), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7020032 - 26 Apr 2024

Viewed by 1232

Abstract

Aim and background: Periapical lesions, which occur due to the infection and necrosis of dental pulp, are a significant dental pathology that poses risks to oral and systemic health. These lesions often require interventions such as root canal treatment or periapical surgery. Recent [...] Read more.

Aim and background: Periapical lesions, which occur due to the infection and necrosis of dental pulp, are a significant dental pathology that poses risks to oral and systemic health. These lesions often require interventions such as root canal treatment or periapical surgery. Recent research has focused on the effectiveness of biocompatible materials, including mineral trioxide aggregate, bioceramics, and leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L’PRF), in improving healing outcomes. This report presents the application of leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L’PRF) derived from the patient’s autologous blood to enhance bone healing. Case description: A 61-year-old woman with well-controlled hypertension and good oral hygiene visited the dental clinic due to a painless swelling near her upper left central incisor. After examination, it was determined that she had a periapical granuloma. The patient underwent successful root canal retreatment and apical surgery, during which leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin was applied. After 30 months, she experienced significant improvement with no symptoms and substantial bone regeneration. Conclusion: Clinical evidence and this case study indicate that leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L’PRF) may enhance healing post periapical surgery. Further research, including more extensive and longer-term randomized trials, must confirm L’PRF’s effectiveness and refine treatment protocols. Clinical significance: L’PRF enhances bone healing post periapical surgery. Clinicians should consider integrating L’PRF in periapical surgeries, ensure diligent follow-up, and inform patients of its long-term advantages. Further randomized trials are needed to refine L’PRF clinical guidelines. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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12 pages, 1966 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceCase Report

Surgical Treatment of Multiple Bone Cysts Using a Platelet-Rich Fibrin and BoneAlbumin Composite Graft: A Case Report

by Martin Major, Márton Kivovics, Bence Tamás Szabó, Tamás Déri, Melinda Polyák, Noémi Piroska Jákob, Dániel Csete, Attila Mócsai, Zsolt Németh and György Szabó

Reports 2024, 7(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports7010007 - 22 Jan 2024

Viewed by 2351

Abstract

Promising research results have been obtained on the tissue-regeneration properties of PRF (platelet-rich fibrin) in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. PRF presumably promotes healing and accelerates ossification. In this case report, the patient had a history of Gorlin–Goltz syndrome, also called nevoid basal cell [...] Read more.

Promising research results have been obtained on the tissue-regeneration properties of PRF (platelet-rich fibrin) in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. PRF presumably promotes healing and accelerates ossification. In this case report, the patient had a history of Gorlin–Goltz syndrome, also called nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disease that was known for many years. As a consequence, cysts were detected in both the mandible and maxilla. We performed decompression on this 37-year-old patient, followed by a cystectomy on an extensive lesion in the right angle of the mandible. One cyst from each side of the body mandible and one from the maxilla were completely enucleated, as determined using an intraoral exploration. The resulting bone defect was filled with a composite graft composed of a mixture of A-PRF and a serum albumin-coated bone allograft (BoneAlbumin). The wound was then covered with a PRF membrane. The surgical sites were closed per primam. The postoperative period was uneventful. Biopsies were performed after three and six months of healing for histological micromorphometry analyses. Dental implants were placed at the sampling site. Three months after the implantation, the ossified implants were fitted with superstructures. To date, no complications have appeared with the bone augmentation. The authors interpret from the findings that the combination of A-PRF and BoneAlbumin can be validated as a prosperous bone substitute. It can be safely implanted after a 3-month ossification period. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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8 pages, 6872 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Hyoid Bone Metastases: An Unusual Case

by Gian Piero Di Marco, Cinzia Tucci, Enzo Iacomino, Vincenzo Corridore, Maria Lauriello, Alessandra Fioretti and Alberto Eibenstein

Reports 2023, 6(4), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports6040059 - 8 Dec 2023

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Abstract

(1) Background: Secondary tumors of the hyoid bone are extremely rare in clinics. In the literature, there is only one study about hyoid bone metastases from sigmoid adenocarcinoma. (2) Methods: We report a case of hyoid bone metastases in a 78-year-old patient treated [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Secondary tumors of the hyoid bone are extremely rare in clinics. In the literature, there is only one study about hyoid bone metastases from sigmoid adenocarcinoma. (2) Methods: We report a case of hyoid bone metastases in a 78-year-old patient treated for rectum and sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma. (3) Results: A mass excision surgery of a rounded osteolytic mass of 4.5 × 3.6 cm in size in the central part of the hyoid bone was performed under general anesthesia, according to the multidisciplinary tumor board recommendation. (4) Conclusions: Hyoid bone metastases can occur in the rectum and sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma. A total body bone scintigraphy and CT examination are suggested to detect silent bone metastases in patients with a history of cancer and neck masses. The prognosis is good, but a regular follow-up is recommended. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a rounded osteolytic mass of 4.5 × 3.6 cm in size in the central part of the hyoid bone: coronal view. Full article ">Figure 2
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a rounded osteolytic mass of 4.5 × 3.6 cm in size in the central part of the hyoid bone: sagittal view. Full article ">Figure 3
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a rounded osteolytic mass of 4.5 × 3.6 cm in size in the central part of the hyoid bone: axial view. Full article ">Figure 4
Total-body bone scintigraphy showing the accumulation of 99 mTc that was not detected in the anterior neck but only in the left X rib which was the site of a previous fracture. Full article ">Figure 5
Hyoid resection of the tumor enlarged to suprahyoid and subhyoid muscles. Full article ">Figure 6
Histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination. (a) hematoxylin and eosin; (b) CDX2; (c) Cytokeratin 20; (d) Cytokeratin 7. Full article ">Figure 7
Postoperative 18-F-FDG PET/CT. Full article ">

18 pages, 9092 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceCase Report

Digital Workflow in Full Mouth Rehabilitation with Immediate Loading, Intraoral Welding and 3D-Printed Reconstructions in a Periodontal Patient: A Case Report

by Adam Nowicki and Karolina Osypko

Reports 2023, 6(4), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports6040052 - 1 Nov 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2933

Abstract

Background: Complex implant reconstructions in patients with residual dentition due to periodontitis is a challenging task in many aspects. Methods: This study shows a full digital workflow combining 3D printing, guided implant placement, intraoral scanning and welding with immediate loading and digital smile [...] Read more.

Background: Complex implant reconstructions in patients with residual dentition due to periodontitis is a challenging task in many aspects. Methods: This study shows a full digital workflow combining 3D printing, guided implant placement, intraoral scanning and welding with immediate loading and digital smile design. An analog impression was taken to validate the passive fit of final restorations. The whole treatment plan was divided into three stages. The first stage included an intraoral scan of baseline dentition, and then the extraction of all teeth was performed, implanting four temporary implants and providing the patient with removable temporary prosthesis. The second stage was to scan the removable temporaries, implanting 10 implants and multi-unit abutments (MUA), and create a rigid construction via the intraoral welding of titanium bar and by fixing it to the 3D-printed temporary reconstructions (designed with DSD) as a form of immediate loading. The third stage included the scanning of screw-retained temporary reconstructions, then scanning from the MUA level and creating final reconstruction. Results: The presented workflow enabled the delivery of some sort of restoration to the patient at every moment of the treatment and to sustain the required esthetic effect with decent comfort of use even in the early stages. Conclusions: A full digital workflow is a reliable treatment method even in complex cases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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7 pages, 943 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Facial Nerve Palsy after Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block: A Rare Presentation of Ocular Complication and Literature Review

by Glauco Chisci, Dafne Chisci, Enea Chisci, Viola Chisci and Elettra Chisci

Reports 2023, 6(4), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports6040047 - 4 Oct 2023

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Abstract

Many ocular complications are described in the literature after dental injections. Facial nerve palsy is a rare complication. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman in the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I classification under orthodontic treatment with aligners that required an [...] Read more.

Many ocular complications are described in the literature after dental injections. Facial nerve palsy is a rare complication. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman in the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I classification under orthodontic treatment with aligners that required an inferior alveolar block for endodontic treatment. Optocaine with epinephrine 1:200,000 and a disposable needle 25 G × 36 mm mounted on a dental syringe were used, and the effect of the anesthesia arose after 10 min. Facial nerve palsy on the side of the injection arose after 1 h and 40 min from the injection, and the patient was immediately visited by an ophthalmologist who reported the examination reported in the present case report. The authors report this unusual case with a subsequent onset and short duration of facial nerve palsy and discuss possible anesthetic solution pathways. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research on Oral Diseases)

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