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Polymers
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Aging Behavior and Durability of Polymer Materials, 2nd Edition
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Aging Behavior and Durability of Polymer Materials, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Analysis and Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 1187

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ivana Salopek Čubrić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Textile Design and Management, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: materials; comfort; aging; evaluation; protocol
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Goran Čubrić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clothing Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: technology; clothing; aging; automation; comfort; robots
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymer materials are widely used in different areas of human activity due to a number of favorable properties. However, the aging of materials at a certain level causes degradation in properties, which directly affects performance. The durability of polymeric materials is affected by a number of parameters, from the material properties, manufacturing parameters, type and level of aging, and complex environmental conditions to the determinants of use, and more.

Recently, scientists’ interest has been highly focused towards the aging behavior of polymer materials, as well as their durability issues. The development of adequate scientific methods and procedures to foresee the long-term performance of polymer materials is an ever-going mission.

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for the discussion of achievements and challenges related to the aging and durability behaviors of polymers, and an analysis of their changing properties due to aging. It is also directed towards processes that will increase durability features in order to retain long-term performance.

Prof. Dr. Ivana Salopek Čubrić
Dr. Goran Čubrić
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymer aging
  • durability
  • properties
  • weathering
  • tests
  • protocols

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 4071 KiB  
Article
Aged Lignocellulose Fibers of Cedar Wood (9th and 12th Century): Structural Investigation Using FTIR-Deconvolution Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Crystallinity Indices, and Morphological SEM Analyses
by Yousra Bouramdane, Mustapha Haddad, Adil Mazar, Saadia Aît Lyazidi, Hicham Oudghiri Hassani and Abdellatif Boukir
Polymers 2024, 16(23), 3334; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16233334 - 28 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 901
Abstract
The characterization of lignocellulosic biomass present in archaeological wood is crucial for understanding the degradation processes affecting wooden artifacts. The lignocellulosic fractions in both the external and internal parts of Moroccan archaeological cedar wood (9th, 12th, and 21st centuries) were characterized using infrared [...] Read more.
The characterization of lignocellulosic biomass present in archaeological wood is crucial for understanding the degradation processes affecting wooden artifacts. The lignocellulosic fractions in both the external and internal parts of Moroccan archaeological cedar wood (9th, 12th, and 21st centuries) were characterized using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR deconvolution mode), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and SEM analysis. The XRD demonstrates a significant reduction in the crystallinity index of cellulose from recent to aging samples. This finding is corroborated by the FTIR analysis, which shows a significant reduction in the area profiles of the C-H crystalline cellulosic bands (1374, 1315, and 1265 cm−1) and C-O-C (1150–1000 cm−1). The alterations in the lignin fraction of aging samples (from the 9th and 12th centuries) were demonstrated by a reduction in the intensity of the bands at 1271 and 1232 cm−1 (Car-O) and the formation of new compounds, such as quinones and/or diaryl carbonyl structures, within the 1700–1550 cm−1 range. The SEM images of cedar wood samples from the 9th and 12th centuries reveal voids, indicating that the entire cell wall component has been removed, a characteristic feature of simultaneous white rot fungi. In addition, horizontal “scratches” were noted, indicating possible bacterial activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aging Behavior and Durability of Polymer Materials, 2nd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Hydrolysis reaction of acetyl groups in hemicelluloses.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>(<b>a</b>) Oxidation reaction of primary alcohol in cellulose. (<b>b</b>) Degradation reaction of vicinal diol and its oxidation to diacedic fraction in cellulose.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>(<b>a</b>) Chemical structure of lignin. (<b>b</b>) Oxidation and degradation of lateral chain in lignin. (<b>c</b>) Oxidation of aromatic ring in lignin.</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>The IR spectra from bottom to top in black color represent the normal spectra with overlapping bands of three internal samples (C9: sample dating to 9th century, C12: sample dating to 12th century, and C21: sample dating to 21st century), while the other remaining colored spectra are recorded in deconvolution mode representing nonoverlapped and well-resolved bands.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>The IR spectra from bottom to top in black color represent the normal spectra with overlapping bands of three external samples (C’9: sample dating to 9th century, C’12: sample dating to 12th century, and C’21: sample dating to 21st century), while the other remaining colored spectra are recorded in deconvolution mode representing nonoverlapped and well-resolved bands.</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>Superposition of FTIR spectra of both cedar wood samples: internal (C21: 21st century, C12: 12th century, C9: 9th century) and external (C’21: 21st century, C’12: 12th century, C’9: 9th century).</p> Full article ">Figure 7
<p>XRD diffractogram of three superposed internal cedar wood samples (<b>C9</b>: sample dating to 9th century, <b>C12</b>: sample dating to 12th century, <b>C21</b>: sample dating to 21st century).</p> Full article ">Figure 8
<p>XRD diffractogram of three superposed external cedar wood samples (<b>C’9</b>: sample dating to 9th century, <b>C’12</b>: sample dating to 12th century, <b>C’21</b>: sample dating to 21st century).</p> Full article ">Figure 9
<p>SEM micrographs of three internal cedar wood samples (<b>C9</b>: sample dating to 9th century, <b>C12</b>: sample dating to 12th century, and <b>C21</b>: sample dating to 21st century).</p> Full article ">Figure 10
<p>SEM micrographs of three external cedar wood samples (<b>C’9</b>: sample dating to 9th century, <b>C’12</b>: sample dating to 12th century, and <b>C’21</b>: sample dating to 21st century).</p> Full article ">
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