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Molecular Research in Bamboo, Tree, Grass, and Other Forest Products

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 452

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
2. Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
Interests: plant biotechnology; molecular biology; plant gene function validation; bamboo sciences

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the era of rapid environmental changes and sustainable development, the importance of forest products, including bamboo, trees, and grass, has never been more evident. These versatile resources are crucial in supporting future societies, from providing renewable materials to enhancing ecological diversity. They are key players in the global effort towards sustainability, offering solutions that are both innovative and eco-friendly.

We are inviting the submission of original research articles, reviews, and case studies focusing on the molecular aspects of bamboo, trees, grass, and other forest products. We seek contributions that explore the genetic, biochemical, and molecular bases of their growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. Areas of interest include but are not limited to the following:

  • The molecular biology and genetics of bamboo, trees, grass, and other forest plants;
  • Sustainable cultivation practices and their molecular impacts;
  • The utilization of forest products for eco-friendly materials and energy;
  • Biochemical pathways involved in the production of valuable compounds;
  • Stress resistance and adaptation mechanisms at the molecular level.

Your research can contribute to advancing knowledge in these vital areas, helping to shape the future of forest product utilization and conservation. We welcome you to send your manuscript immediately or at any point up until the deadline, as papers will be published on an ongoing basis.

Dr. Huayu Sun
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • bamboo
  • tree
  • grass
  • molecular biology
  • gene function

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 21059 KiB  
Article
Cytological, Physiological, and Transcriptome Analysis of Leaf-Yellowing Mutant in Camellia chekiangoleosa
by Bin Huang, Wenyin Huang, Zhenyu Liu, Yixuan Peng, Yanshu Qu, Wencai Zhou, Jianjian Huang, Huili Shu and Qiang Wen
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(1), 132; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010132 - 27 Dec 2024
Viewed by 173
Abstract
Color variation in plant leaves has a significant impact on their photosynthesis and plant growth. Camellia chekiangoleosa yellow-leaf mutants are ideal materials for studying the mechanisms of pigment synthesis and photosynthesis, but their mechanism of leaf variation is not clear. We systematically elucidated [...] Read more.
Color variation in plant leaves has a significant impact on their photosynthesis and plant growth. Camellia chekiangoleosa yellow-leaf mutants are ideal materials for studying the mechanisms of pigment synthesis and photosynthesis, but their mechanism of leaf variation is not clear. We systematically elucidated the intrinsic causes of leaf yellowing in the new Camellia chekiangoleosa variety ‘Diecui Liuji’ in terms of changes in its cell structure, pigment content, and transcript levels. This study indicates that the incomplete structure of chloroplast-like vesicles, the decrease in blue-green chlorophyll a, and the increase in yellow-green chlorophyll b in yellowing leaves are the direct causes of yellowing-leaf formation. The high expression of genes that catalyze the degradation of chlorophyll a (PAO and RCCR) and its conversion to chlorophyll b (CAO) in yellowing leaves leads to a decrease in the chlorophyll a content, while the low expression of CLH genes is the main reason for the increase in the chlorophyll b content. We also found transcription factors such as ERF, E2F, WRKY, MYB, TPC, TGA, and NFYC may regulate their expression. RT-qPCR assays of 12 DEGs confirm the RNA-seq results. This study will provide a foundation for investigating the transcriptional and regulatory mechanisms of leaf color changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Bamboo, Tree, Grass, and Other Forest Products)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>‘Diecui Liujin’ whole plant (<b>a</b>). Three periods were selected from young leaf formation to leaf maturity—10 DALFs (days after initial leaf formation, S1), 50 DALFs (S2), and 90 DALFs (S3)—for collection. S1–S3 period of yellowing leaves (<b>b</b>–<b>d</b>); S1–S3 period of normal leaves (<b>e</b>–<b>g</b>).</p>
Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Chloroplast ultrastructure on normal green leaves and mutant leaves of <span class="html-italic">C. chekiangoleosa</span>. Bars = 10 μm (<b>a</b>,<b>d</b>) and 2 μm (<b>b</b>,<b>c</b>,<b>e</b>,<b>f</b>). S, starch granules; M, mitochondrion; N, nucleus; CH, chloroplast; CW, cell wall; T, thylakoid grana; O, osmiophilic granules; V, vesica; NL, normal leaf; ML, mutant leaf. The average number of chloroplasts per cell (<b>g</b>) and mean chloroplast size were lower in the mutant leaves (<b>h</b>).</p>
Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Changes in pigment content of normal leaves and mutant leaves (<b>a</b>–<b>d</b>). Changes in photosynthetically active radiation of normal leaves and mutant leaves (<b>e</b>). Changes in photosynthetic parameters of normal leaves and mutant leaves (<b>f</b>–<b>n</b>). S1, Stage 1; S2, Stage 2; S3, Stage 3. **, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01; ***, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001.</p>
Full article ">Figure 3 Cont.
<p>Changes in pigment content of normal leaves and mutant leaves (<b>a</b>–<b>d</b>). Changes in photosynthetically active radiation of normal leaves and mutant leaves (<b>e</b>). Changes in photosynthetic parameters of normal leaves and mutant leaves (<b>f</b>–<b>n</b>). S1, Stage 1; S2, Stage 2; S3, Stage 3. **, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01; ***, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001.</p>
Full article ">Figure 4
<p>PCA plots of non-targeted metabolomes of six sets of samples (<b>a</b>), Venn plots of differential metabolites of two leaf types at three developmental periods (<b>b</b>), and heat maps of relative metabolite contents of the pathways of interest (<b>c</b>). NL1, Stage 1 of normal leaf; NL2, Stage 2 of normal leaf; NL3, Stage 3 of normal leaf; ML1, Stage 1 of mutant leaf; ML2, Stage 2 of mutant leaf; ML3, Stage 3 of mutant leaf.</p>
Full article ">Figure 5
<p>PCA plots of expression profiles of 18 samples (<b>a</b>), counts of differential genes among different samples (<b>b</b>), Venn plots and counts of differential genes of two leaf types at three developmental periods (<b>c</b>), and KEGG categorization plots of common differential genes of two leaf types at three developmental periods (<b>d</b>).</p>
Full article ">Figure 6
<p>Differential expression of genes related to the chlorophyll metabolism pathway. The expression level was based on FPKM value. <span class="html-italic">HEMA</span>, glutamyl-tRNA reductase; <span class="html-italic">HEML</span>, glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase; <span class="html-italic">HEMB</span>, porphobilinogen synthase; <span class="html-italic">HEMC</span>, hydroxymethylbilane synthase; <span class="html-italic">HEMD</span>, Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase; <span class="html-italic">HEME</span>, uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase; <span class="html-italic">HEMF</span>, coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase; <span class="html-italic">HEMY</span>, oxygen-dependent protoporphyrinogen oxidase; <span class="html-italic">CHLH</span>, magnesium chelatase subunit H; <span class="html-italic">CHLE</span>, magnesium protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester(oxidative) cyclase; <span class="html-italic">CHLM</span>, magnesium protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase; <span class="html-italic">DVR</span>, divinyl chlorophyllide a 8-vinyl-reductase; <span class="html-italic">POR</span>, protochlorophyllide reductase; <span class="html-italic">CAO</span>, chlorophyllide a oxygenase; <span class="html-italic">CLH</span>, chlorophyllase; <span class="html-italic">CHLG</span>, Chlorophyll synthase; <span class="html-italic">NYC1</span>, chlorophyll(ide) b reductase; <span class="html-italic">PAO</span>, pheophorbide a oxygenase; <span class="html-italic">RCCR</span>, red chlorophyll catabolite reductase.</p>
Full article ">Figure 7
<p>Differential expression of genes related to photosynthesis (light reactions). The expression level was based on FPKM value.</p>
Full article ">Figure 8
<p>Differential expression of genes related to the carotenoid metabolism pathway. The expression level was based on FPKM value. <span class="html-italic">PSY</span>, phytoene synthase; <span class="html-italic">PDS</span>, phytoene desaturase; <span class="html-italic">ZISO</span>, ζ-carotene isomerase; <span class="html-italic">ZDS</span>, ζ-carotene desaturase; <span class="html-italic">crtISO</span>, carotenoid isomerase; <span class="html-italic">Lcy E</span>, ε-cyclase; <span class="html-italic">Lcy B</span>, β-cyclase; <span class="html-italic">LUT5</span>, β-hydroxylase; <span class="html-italic">CCS1</span>, capsanthin/capsorubin synthase; <span class="html-italic">LUT1</span>, ε-cyclase; <span class="html-italic">VDE</span>, violaxanthin de-epoxidase; <span class="html-italic">ZEP</span>, zeaxanthin epoxidase; <span class="html-italic">NCED</span>, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase.</p>
Full article ">Figure 9
<p>Differential expression of genes related to the anthocyanin metabolism pathway. The expression level was based on FPKM value. <span class="html-italic">PAL</span>, phenylalanine ammonia lyase; <span class="html-italic">C4H</span>, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; <span class="html-italic">4CL</span>, 4-coumarate: CoA ligase; <span class="html-italic">CHS</span>, chalcone synthase; <span class="html-italic">CHI</span>, chalcone isomerase; <span class="html-italic">F3H</span>, flavanone 3-hydroxylase; <span class="html-italic">F3′H</span>, flavonoid-3′-hydroxylase; <span class="html-italic">F3′5′H</span>, flavonoid-3′,5′-hydroxylase; <span class="html-italic">DFR</span>, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; <span class="html-italic">ANS</span>, anthocyanidin synthase; <span class="html-italic">UFGT,</span> UDP-glucose: anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase; <span class="html-italic">UGT,</span> cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside 5-O-glucosyltransferase.</p>
Full article ">Figure 10
<p>(<b>A</b>) Clustering dendrograms of genes. (<b>B</b>) Heat map showing the expression profile of each cluster eigengene. (<b>C</b>) Heat map of the expression of functional genes and transcription factors in 3 periods of 2 leaf types. (<b>D</b>) Co-expression network between the functional genes and transcription factors.</p>
Full article ">Figure 11
<p>Relative expression levels and FPKM of 12 genes. qRT–PCR results are shown in the column configuration, and FPKM results are displayed as line charts.</p>
Full article ">
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