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Cancers
Special Issues
Non-coding RNA in Gastrointestinal Tumours: New Opportunities for Diagnosis and...
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Non-coding RNA in Gastrointestinal Tumours: New Opportunities for Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 5388

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jesus Garcia-Foncillas

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Guest Editor
OncoHealth Institute, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Autonomous University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: predictive biomarkers; colorectal cancer; gastrointestinal cancer; new drugs in GI cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Javier Martínez Useros

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Guest Editor
OncoHealth Institute, Health Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Autonomous University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: gastric cancer; pancreatic cancer; colorectal cancer; metastatic melanoma
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tumours originating along the gastrointestinal tract involve neoplasias from oesophagus to anus. A healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of suffering from a gastrointestinal tumour. These tumours are common worldwide, and their response to chemotherapy is higher when detected at early stages. Therefore, new biomarkers and screening methods for early detection are needed. Colorectal cancer is the most known, most common and most treatable gastrointestinal tumour. On the other hand, the incidence of pancreatic cancer has increased in developed countries, and it is anticipated to become the second biggest cause of cancer-related deaths by 2030. The difficulty with pancreatic cancer is that is normally asymptomatic, and 80% of cases present metastatic disease at diagnosis. Oesophageal cancer accounts for about 1% of all cancers, and one-third of cases in Asia and South Africa are related to HPV infection. Gastric cancer is the fourth most common tumour and the second cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Liver cancer as primary tumour is one of the fastest-growing cancers; in addition, liver is the organ in which metastatic foci are most commonly found. These tumours have limited treatment, making active research for this purpose of critical importance. 

Since non-coding RNA is small enough to travel via bodily fluids without degradation, it presents promising potential as an early diagnostic biomarker, even via liquid biopsy methodologies. Furthermore, non-coding RNA targets several oncogenes, allowing proliferation arrest, dedifferentiation regulation to a stemness phenotype, apoptosis induction, and inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition to hamper pancreatic cancer cell migration and the invasion of vital organs. In this regard, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), or long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), among others, could help in the routine clinical management of gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Dr. Jesus Garcia-Foncillas
Dr. Javier Martinez Useros
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gastrointestinal cancer
  • gastrointestinal malignancies
  • gastrointestinal carcinoid tumour
  • oesophageal cancer
  • stomach cancer
  • pancreatic cancer
  • liver cancer
  • gallbladder cancer
  • gastrointestinal stromal tumours
  • cholangiocarcinoma
  • colorectal cancer
  • anal cancer
  • gastrointestinal carcinoid tumour
  • microRNA
  • lncRNA
  • piRNA
  • snoRNA
  • circRNA
  • predictive biomarkers
  • novel therapies

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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31 pages, 1334 KiB  
Article
Genetic Impact of HOTAIR, LINC00951, POLR2E and HULC Polymorphisms in Histopathological and Laboratory Prognostic Factors in Esophageal Cancer in the West: A Case-Control Study
by Efstratia Baili, Maria Gazouli, Andreas C. Lazaris, Prodromos Kanavidis, Maria Boura, Adamantios Michalinos, Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Theodore Liakakos and Andreas Alexandrou
Cancers 2024, 16(3), 537; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16030537 - 26 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1814
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs’ HOTAIR rs920778, LINC00951 rs11752942, POLR2E rs3787016, and HULC rs7763881 are progressively reported having a close genetic affinity with esophageal carcinogenesis in the East. Nonetheless, their correlation with variables already endorsed as significant prognostic factors in terms of staging, guiding treatment [...] Read more.
Long non-coding RNAs’ HOTAIR rs920778, LINC00951 rs11752942, POLR2E rs3787016, and HULC rs7763881 are progressively reported having a close genetic affinity with esophageal carcinogenesis in the East. Nonetheless, their correlation with variables already endorsed as significant prognostic factors in terms of staging, guiding treatment and predicting recurrence, metastasis, and survival have yet to be explored. Herein, we investigated their prognostic value by correlating them with clinicopathological and laboratory prognostic markers in esophageal cancer in the West. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 95 consecutive patients operated on for esophageal cancer between 2014 and 2018 were compared with 121 healthy community controls. HULC was not detected differently in any of the cancer prognostic subgroups. LINC00951 was underrepresented in Ca19.9 elevated subgroup. HOTAIR was more frequent in both worse differentiation grade and positive Signet-Ring-Cell and Ca19.9 subgroups. POLR2E was identified less frequently in Adenocarcinoma, Signet-Ring-Cell, and Diffuse histologies, as well as in Perineural, Lymphovascular, and Perivascular Invasion positive, while it was overrepresented in CEA positive subgroup. These lncRNAs polymorphisms may hold great potential not only as future therapeutic agents but also as novel markers for predictive analysis of esophageal cancer risk, clinical outcome, and survival. Clinical implications of these findings need to be validated with prospective larger sample-size studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-coding RNA in Gastrointestinal Tumours: New Opportunities for Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Kaplan–Meier Curves for histopathological and laboratory variables with statistical prognostic significance regarding Overall Survival (OS) in Esophageal Cancer (EC) and Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) Populations: (<b>A</b>) PNI, (<b>B</b>) LVI, (<b>C</b>) PVI, (<b>D</b>) SRC, (<b>E</b>) CEA, (<b>F</b>) Ca19.9.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Kaplan-Meier Curves for histopathological and laboratory variables with statistical prognostic significance regarding Disease-Free Survival (DFS) in Esophageal Cancer (EC) and Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) Populations: (<b>A</b>) PNI, (<b>B</b>) LVI, (<b>C</b>) PVI, (<b>D</b>) SRC, (<b>E</b>) CEA, (<b>F</b>) Ca19.9.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Logarithmic transformation demonstrating that LINC00951 rs11752942 GG/AA genotype is significantly correlated with Ca19.9 (log-OR: 0.195, <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.004).</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Logarithmic transformation demonstrating that POLR2E rs3787016 CT/TT is significantly correlated with CEA (log-OR: 2.14, <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.013).</p> Full article ">

Review

Jump to: Research

13 pages, 623 KiB  
Review
Long Non-Coding RNA and microRNA Interplay in Colorectal Cancer and Their Effect on the Tumor Microenvironment
by Marie Rajtmajerová, Andriy Trailin, Václav Liška, Kari Hemminki and Filip Ambrozkiewicz
Cancers 2022, 14(21), 5450; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215450 - 5 Nov 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3020
Abstract
As the current staging and grading systems are not sufficient to stratify patients for therapy and predict the outcome of the disease, there is an urgent need to understand cancer in its complexity. The mutual relationship between tumour and immune or stromal cells [...] Read more.
As the current staging and grading systems are not sufficient to stratify patients for therapy and predict the outcome of the disease, there is an urgent need to understand cancer in its complexity. The mutual relationship between tumour and immune or stromal cells leads to rapid evolution and subsequent genetic and epigenetic changes. Immunoscore has been introduced as a diagnostic tool for colorectal cancer (CRC) only recently, emphasising the role of the specific tumor microenvironment in patient’s prognosis and overall outcome. Despite the fact that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), cannot be translated into proteins, they significantly affect cell’s transcriptome and translatome. miRNA binding to mRNA efficiently blocks its translation and leads to mRNA destruction. On the other hand, miRNAs can be bound by lncRNAs or circular RNAs (circRNAs), which prevents them from interfering with translation. In this way, ncRNAs create a multi-step network that regulates the cell’s translatome. ncRNAs are also shed by the cell as exogenous RNAs and they are also found in exosomes, suggesting their role in intercellular communication. Hence, these mechanisms affect the tumor microenvironment as much as protein signal molecules. In this review, we provide an insight into the current knowledge of the microenvironment, lncRNAs’, and miRNAs’ interplay. Understanding mechanisms that underlie the evolution of a tissue as complex as a tumour is crucial for the future success in therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-coding RNA in Gastrointestinal Tumours: New Opportunities for Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>lncRNA–miRNA interaction. Similarly to mRNAs, miRNAs undergo a series of processing steps in the nucleus as well as in the cytoplasm. Some miRNAs can also be produced from their lncRNA precursors. Fully matured mRNAs as well as all non-coding RNAs (such as miRNAs and lncRNAs) are localised in the cytoplasm where lncRNAs and mRNAs compete for miRNAs. This binding can either block or trigger the final translational process and is therefore an important post-transcriptional regulatory step in gene expression.</p> Full article ">
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