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Veterinary Sciences
Special Issues
Ruminant Mastitis: Therapies and Control
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Ruminant Mastitis: Therapies and Control

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 February 2025 | Viewed by 1196

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Heng Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Interests: dairy cow; mastitis; endometritis; hoof desease; calf diarrhea; heat stress

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mastitis is an important disease in dairy farming, which causes lots of economic losses every year. Although research and efforts have been made, mastitis is still the first issue that should be considered in the development of the industry, which is related to food safety and human health. Many causes have been involved in mastitis, e.g., bacteria, viruses, machine disorders, heat stress, nutritional factors, etc. Therefore, this Special Issue on “Ruminant Mastitis: Therapies and Control” aims to promote research on the mechanism of mastitis and others about the prevention, treatment, and control development in practical farms or experimental animal models.

Prof. Dr. Heng Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Veterinary Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dairy cow
  • cattle
  • sheep
  • goat
  • mastitis
  • E. coli
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Streptococcus
  • virus
  • prevention and control

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 4925 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Meloxicam on Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress Induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells
by Kangjun Liu, Shangfei Qiu, Li Fang, Luying Cui, Junsheng Dong, Long Guo, Xia Meng, Jianji Li and Heng Wang
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(12), 607; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11120607 - 29 Nov 2024
Viewed by 771
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a significant pathogen associated with clinical mastitis in cattle. Anti-inflammatory drugs are necessary to alleviate pain and inflammation during clinical mastitis. Among many drugs, meloxicam (MEL) has been widely used in clinical mastitis because of its [...] Read more.
Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a significant pathogen associated with clinical mastitis in cattle. Anti-inflammatory drugs are necessary to alleviate pain and inflammation during clinical mastitis. Among many drugs, meloxicam (MEL) has been widely used in clinical mastitis because of its excellent inhibitory effect on the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme. However, the effectiveness of MEL on the inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by K. pneumoniae are unclear. In the present study, primary BMECs were infected with K. pneumoniae in the presence or absence of plasma maintenance concentration of MEL (0.5 and 5 μM). Following 1 or 3 h of combined treatment with K. pneumoniae and MEL, BMECs were gathered to assess the related indicators. The results showed that MEL at plasma maintenance concentrations exerted no influence on the viability of uninfected BMECs and also had no impact on bacterial load in BMECs. At these concentrations, MEL was able to inhibit the mRNA expression of COX-2, Interleukin (IL)-1β, Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and IL-6 while simultaneously elevating the mRNA levels of IL-8 in K. pneumoniae-infected BMECs. MEL had clear effects on relieving oxidative stress by increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the level of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). The mechanisms by which MEL mitigated the inflammatory response and oxidative stress were partially attributed to inhibition of the nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and improvement of the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factors (Nrf2) signaling pathway. To conclude, the results manifested that MEL at plasma maintenance concentrations protected BMECs from inflammatory and oxidative damage induced by K. pneumoniae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ruminant Mastitis: Therapies and Control)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>The effects of MEL on cell viability. BMECs were treated with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μΜ) of MEL for 12 h. The cell viability was evaluated with the CCK-8 method.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>The effects of MEL on bacterial load. BMECs were infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> for 3 h in the presence or absence of MEL. Each experiment was repeated 4 times.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>The effects of MEL on the mRNA expression (<b>A</b>) and protein levels (<b>B</b>,<b>C</b>) of COX-2 in BMECs. BMECs were infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> for 3 h in the presence or absence of MEL. <span class="html-italic"># p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the control group. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the group infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> alone (see <a href="#app1-vetsci-11-00607" class="html-app">Supplementary Materials</a>).</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>The effects of MEL on the mRNA expression of IL-1β (<b>A</b>), IL-6 (<b>B</b>), IL-8 (<b>C</b>), and TNF-α (<b>D</b>) in BMECs. BMECs were infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> for 3 h in the presence or absence of MEL. ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the control group. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the group infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> alone.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>The effects of MEL on the NF-κB signaling pathway. BMECs were infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> for 1 h in the presence or absence of MEL. (<b>A</b>) The protein expression of p-p65, p65, p-IκBα, and IκBα in BMECs (see <a href="#app1-vetsci-11-00607" class="html-app">Supplementary Materials</a>). (<b>B</b>) Changes in the phosphorylation level of p65. (<b>C</b>) Changes in the phosphorylation level of IκBα. ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the control group. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the group infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> alone.</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>The effect of MEL on the nuclear accumulation of the p65 protein in BMECs. BMECs were infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> for 1 h in the presence or absence of MEL.</p> Full article ">Figure 7
<p>The effects of MEL on the oxidative state of BMECs. (<b>A</b>,<b>B</b>) Changes in the level of ROS. (<b>C</b>) Changes in the level of MDA. BMECs were infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> for 3 h in the presence or absence of MEL. ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the control group. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the group infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> alone.</p> Full article ">Figure 8
<p>The effects of MEL on the antioxidant capacity of BMECs. BMECs were infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> for 3 h in the presence or absence of MEL. The activity of SOD (<b>A</b>) and CAT (<b>B</b>) and the level of T-AOC (<b>C</b>) were detected using commercial kits. ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the control group. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the group infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> alone.</p> Full article ">Figure 9
<p>The effects of MEL on the Nrf2 signaling pathway in BMECs. (<b>A</b>) The key proteins expressed in the Nrf2 signaling pathway were detected by Western blot (see <a href="#app1-vetsci-11-00607" class="html-app">Supplementary Materials</a>). (<b>B</b>) Changes in Nrf2 nuclear accumulation. Nuclear protein was extracted from cells. The protein expression levels of Nrf2 (<b>C</b>), Keap1 (<b>D</b>), HO-1 (<b>E</b>), and NQO1 (<b>F</b>) were detected using total protein. BMECs were infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> for 3 h in the presence or absence of MEL. <span class="html-italic"># p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ## <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the control group. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05 and ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 compared with the group infected with <span class="html-italic">K. pneumoniae</span> alone.</p> Full article ">
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