Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis, Clinical Characterization, and Management of Dermatomyositis: A Narrative Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis of Dermatomyositis
2.1. The Type 1 Interferon Pathway
2.2. The Complement Pathway
2.3. Vasculopathy, Muscle Damage, and the Proinflammatory Response
3. Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles in Dermatomyositis
4. EV-Associated Cargoes in DM
4.1. EV-Associated Protein Cargoes
4.2. EV-Associated Nucleic Acid Cargoes
4.2.1. EV-Associated MicroRNA (miRNA)
4.2.2. EV-Associated Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA)
4.2.3. EV-Associated Messenger RNA (mRNA)
4.2.4. EV-Associated dsDNA
5. The Clinical Implications of Extracellular Vesicles in Dermatomyositis
5.1. Extracellular Vesicles in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Dermatomyositis
5.1.1. Association between Extracellular Vesicles and Laboratory Parameters or Inflammatory Markers in Dermatomyositis
5.1.2. Association with Different Dermatomyositis Subsets
5.1.3. Association with Disease Activity in Dermatomyositis
5.1.4. Involvement of Extracellular Vesicles in Myositis due to Dermatomyositis
5.1.5. Extracellular Vesicles and Skin Inflammation in Dermatomyositis
5.1.6. Diagnostic Predictability of Extracellular Vesicles in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Dermatomyositis
5.2. Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Dermatomyositis
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Laboratory Parameter | EV Component | Strength of Correlation (r) | References |
---|---|---|---|
CRP | C1QB | +0.648 | Meng et al., 2022 [8] |
C1QC | +0.682 | ||
SAA1 | +0.546 | ||
ESR | C1QB | +0.611 | |
C1QC | +0.628 | ||
SERPINA3 | +0.657 | ||
SAA1 | +0.523 | ||
Platelet count | C1QB | +0.035 | |
C1QC | +0.523 | ||
Plexin D1 | +0.408 | Uto et al., 2022 [7] | |
Ferritin | VWF | +0.673 | Meng et al., 2022 [8] |
ANA | ANGPTL6 | +0.693 | |
VWF | +0.740 | ||
COLEC11 | +0.668 | ||
Aldolase | Plexin D1 | +0.481 | Uto et al., 2022 [7] |
WBCs count | Plexin D1 | +0.381 | |
Neutrophils count | Plexin D1 | +0.450 | |
AST | hsa-miR-125a-3p | + | Li et al., 2022 [15] |
hsa-miR-3614 | + | ||
ALT | hsa-miR-125a-3p | + | |
LDH | hsa-miR-125a-3p | + |
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Ricco, C.; Eldaboush, A.; Liu, M.-L.; Werth, V.P. Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis, Clinical Characterization, and Management of Dermatomyositis: A Narrative Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 1967. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25041967
Ricco C, Eldaboush A, Liu M-L, Werth VP. Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis, Clinical Characterization, and Management of Dermatomyositis: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(4):1967. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25041967
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicco, Cristina, Ahmed Eldaboush, Ming-Lin Liu, and Victoria P. Werth. 2024. "Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis, Clinical Characterization, and Management of Dermatomyositis: A Narrative Review" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 4: 1967. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25041967
APA StyleRicco, C., Eldaboush, A., Liu, M. -L., & Werth, V. P. (2024). Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis, Clinical Characterization, and Management of Dermatomyositis: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(4), 1967. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25041967