Focus 26 January 2021

Devices

Electronic and photonic technologies have revolutionised our world and fortified many areas of our modern life. Fundamental and applied research spanning from atoms to devices leading to new technology development, including quantum, atomic, spintronic, optics, nuclear, plasma, superconductors, and low-dimensional materials based devices, is crucial to ensure continuous solutions to existing and future global challenges.

Featured articles

Sensing expectation enables simultaneous proprioception and contact detection in an intelligent soft continuum robot

The authors propose an expected-actual perception-action loop in soft robots to rapidly and robustly detect contact and distinguish deformation sources. Soft robots enable intelligence to explore and learn through interacting with their surroundings.
- Peiyi Wang
- Zhexin Xie
- Cecilia Laschi
ArticleOpen Access18 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Programmable spatial magnetization stereolithographic printing of biomimetic soft machines with thin-walled structures

Programmable deformation and biomimetic behaviors are achieved by thin-walled soft machines with complex 3D structures and precise magnetization profiles fabricated by spatial uniform magnetic field-assisted stereolithography.
- Xianghe Meng
- Shishi Li
- Hui Xie
ArticleOpen Access30 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
A green solvent enables precursor phase engineering of stable formamidinium lead triiodide perovskite solar cells

The use of harmful solvents to fabricate stable devices hampers the commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Here, the authors introduce a biorenewable solvent system and precursor-phase engineering to realize stable formamidinium lead triiodide-based solar cells.
- Benjamin M. Gallant
- Philippe Holzhey
- Henry J. Snaith
ArticleOpen Access22 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Highly efficient narrow bandgap Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ solar cells with enhanced open circuit voltage for tandem application

Pure CuInSe₂ solar cells suffer from strong interfacial carrier recombination. Here, the authors introduce a wide U-shaped double Ga grading with a minimum bandgap of 1.01 eV and achieve certified device efficiency of 20.26%, making it highly suitable for tandem solar cell applications.
- Junjun Zhang
- Zengyang Ma
- Xudong Xiao
ArticleOpen Access28 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Mormyroidea-inspired electronic skin for active non-contact three-dimensional tracking and sensing

Developing electronic skins for sensing the spatial location of objects beyond two-dimensional space is difficult. The authors present a flexible, lightweight, and transparent electronic skin for non-contact accurate 3D motion sensing. This achieves micron-level precision, reducing complexity and power consumption.
- Jingkun Zhou
- Jian Li
- Xinge Yu
ArticleOpen Access14 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
A core–shell fiber moisture-driven electric generator enabled by synergetic complex coacervation and built-in potential

The authors present a core–shell fiber moisture-driven electric generator by a synergetic complex coacervation and built-in potential strategy, enabling self-powered human interactive sensors and synaptic devices.
- Guangtao Zan
- Wei Jiang
- Cheolmin Park
ArticleOpen Access20 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
A bulk Schottky junction for high-sensitivity portable radiation detectors

Zhang et al. report a bulky Schottky junction constructed by interpenetrated macroporous-carbon electrode for hole extraction and perovskite network for electron trapping under X-ray irradiation. The efficient extraction of carriers enables a dry battery-powered portable X-ray radiation alarm.
- Yihan Zhang
- Zongming Huang
- Zhengguo Xiao
ArticleOpen Access27 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
A single nanophotonic platform for producing circularly polarized white light from non-chiral emitters

The authors report a nanophotonic architecture consisting of a large-area hexagonal array of triskelia motifs, transferring its chirality to non-chiral materials placed atop and sustaining chiroptical resonances along the entire visible spectrum with luminescence dissymmetry factor up to 1 achieved.
- Jose Mendoza-Carreño
- Simone Bertucci
- Agustín Mihi
ArticleOpen Access30 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Nondestructive halide exchange via S_N2-like mechanism for efficient blue perovskite light-emitting diodes

Zhang et al. report non-destructive halide exchange by employing butylammonium halide incorporated post-treatment to achieve perovskite with low trap density and tuneable bandgap for blue LEDs, with external quantum efficiencies of 23.6%, 20.9%, and 15.5% for emission peaks at 488, 478, and 468 nm, respectively.
- Kai Zhang
- Yang Shen
- Jian-Xin Tang
ArticleOpen Access5 Dec 2024 Nature Communications
High performance Si-MoS₂ heterogeneous embedded DRAM

This work reports a heterogeneous two transistor capacitorless eDRAM combining Si and MoS2 to solve the short data retention problem while preserving a high sense margin. The retention and sense margin show improvements of 1000 and 100 times respectively compared to full Si and MoS2 counterparts.
- Kai Xiao
- Jing Wan
- Peng Zhou
ArticleOpen Access12 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Ultraweak light-modulated heterostructure with bidirectional photoresponse for static and dynamic image perception

High voltages/light intensities are typically needed to mimic human visual adaptability. Here, the authors present an image sensor array with low operation voltage that mimics synaptic functions with ultraweak light stimulation and performs image processing tasks accurately.
- Xun Han
- Juan Tao
- Jianhua Hao
ArticleOpen Access30 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Capturing forceful interaction with deformable objects using a deep learning-powered stretchable tactile array

The authors report a stretchable tactile array with strain insensitivity, and a visual-tactile joint learning framework, achieving high-accuracy force measurement and replicating full states of hand and manipulated objects with fine-grained geometry.
- Chunpeng Jiang
- Wenqiang Xu
- Jingquan Liu
ArticleOpen Access4 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Wafer-scale vertical injection III-nitride deep-ultraviolet light emitters

The efficiency of deep-ultraviolet light sources is critical for applications like disinfection. Here, the authors employ a novel decoupling strategy using GaN templates to fabricate 280 nm vertical injection diodes, achieving a light output power of 65.2 mW at 200 mA.
- Jiaming Wang
- Chen Ji
- Bo Shen
ArticleOpen Access30 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Exceptional points induced by unidirectional coupling in electronic circuits

Exceptional points can be realized via engineering gain and loss or unidirectional coupling, as demonstrated in optical platforms. Here, the authors report an EP in unidirectionally coupled LC circuits and demonstrate a square-root scaling of frequency splitting with perturbation.
- Wenzheng Zhao
- Yeang Zhang
- Qi Zhong
ArticleOpen Access15 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Dual-sided transparent display enabled by polymer stabilized liquid crystals for augmented reality

The use of augmented reality as an in-person collaborative platform could unlock human-centric and service-related experiences. Here a dual-sided transparent display is prototyped, with a transparency of 65%, to display unique images on either side.
- Suman Halder
- Yunho Shin
- Sean P. Rodrigues
ArticleOpen Access11 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Device deficiency and degradation diagnosis model of Perovskite solar cells through hysteresis analysis

The understanding of the origins of device degradation of perovskite solar cells remains limited. Here, the authors establish hysteresis as a diagnostic key to unveil and remedy degradation issues and investigate the relations between characteristic J-V hysteresis features and device deficiencies.
- Zi Shuai Wang
- Yidan An
- Wallace C. H. Choy
ArticleOpen Access7 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Vertically oriented low-dimensional perovskites for high-efficiency wide band gap perovskite solar cells

Controlling crystal growth alignment in wide bandgap low-dimensional perovskites has been a persistent challenge. Here, authors induce vertical crystal growth through the addition of chlorine to precursor solution, giving rise to a record power conversion efficiency of 9.4% for 2 eV bandgap devices.
- Andrea Zanetta
- Valentina Larini
- Giulia Grancini
ArticleOpen Access21 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
27.09%-efficiency silicon heterojunction back contact solar cell and going beyond

The management of charge carrier recombination and transport in heterojunction back contact solar cells poses significant challenges in achieving a high efficiency. Here, authors analyze various loss mechanisms of devices fabricated by laser patterning, and achieve a certified efficiency of 27.09%.
- Genshun Wang
- Qiao Su
- Pingqi Gao
ArticleOpen Access16 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Programmable and flexible wood-based origami electronics

Wood-based electronics are typically constrained in their ability to undergo complex shape deformation. Here, authors integrate transparent wood film and cellulose-based conductive ink for flexible electronic origami devices that have been demonstrated as a proof-of-concept for human motion sensors.
- Huashuo Ma
- Chaozheng Liu
- Qiliang Fu
ArticleOpen Access28 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Metal chalcogenide electron extraction layers for nip-type tin-based perovskite solar cells

nip-Type tin-based perovskite solar cells have underperformed largely due to the metal oxide electron transport layers originally designed for lead-based devices. Here, authors employ metal chalcogenide as the electron transport layer, achieving enhanced efficiency up to 11.78% for stable devices.
- Tianpeng Li
- Bin Li
- Jia Liang
ArticleOpen Access1 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Direct visualization of the charge transfer state dynamics in dilute-donor organic photovoltaic blends

The interconversion dynamics between charge transfer state charges and separated charges remains an unresolved issue. Here, the authors spectrally resolve those charges and report a kinetic model to reveal the charge generation, separation, and recombination mechanism in α6T:C₆₀ systems.
- Gareth John Moore
- Florian Günther
- Natalie Banerji
ArticleOpen Access14 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Micro-homogeneity of lateral energy landscapes governs the performance in perovskite solar cells

The energy disorders in the lateral direction of the junction in large-area photovoltaic modules are largely overlooked. Here, authors employ organic amidinium passivators to suppress the micro-inhomogeneity in the lateral energy landscapes and achieve high performance stable perovskite solar cells.
- Pengju Shi
- Bin Ding
- Jingjing Xue
ArticleOpen Access9 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Ultra-high precision nano additive manufacturing of metal oxide semiconductors via multi-photon lithography

By using metal-organic compounds as solid precursor photoresist for multi-photon lithography and post-sintering, Cao et al. report ultra-high precision nano additive manufacturing of 2D and 3D metal oxide semiconductors with dimension down to 35 nm.
- Chun Cao
- Xianmeng Xia
- Xu Liu
ArticleOpen Access25 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Development of fin-LEDs for next-generation inorganic displays using face-selective dielectrophoretic assembly

Lee et al. report blue fin-LEDs with improved brightness and light extraction efficiency comparing to nanorod-LEDs by using a face-selective dielectrophoretic assembly technology. The wafer utilization ratio exceeds 90%, with a vertical assembly ratio of 91.3% and pixel production yield of 99.93%.
- SeungJe Lee
- Yun Jae Eo
- Young Rag Do
ArticleOpen Access4 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Organic–inorganic covalent–ionic network enabled all–in–one multifunctional coating for flexible displays

Lin et al. report a nanoscale organic-inorganic covalent-ionic hybrid network leveraging the reorganising interaction between siloxanes and fluoride ions, enabling a single layer coating with excellent optical, antistatic, anti-smudge, anti-scratch, and mechanical properties for touch displays.
- Xiong Lin
- Chen–Yu Li
- Qiang Fu
ArticleOpen Access8 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Targeted elimination of tetravalent-Sn-induced defects for enhanced efficiency and stability in lead-free NIR-II perovskite LEDs

Guan et al. report a strategy of moisture-triggered selective hydrolysis of Sn4+ into Sn(OH)4, eliminating Sn4 + -induced defects in tin-based perovskites and enhancing the electron injection in NIR-II LED devices with peak emission of 945 nm and external quantum efficiency of 7.6%.
- Xiang Guan
- Yuqing Li
- Zhanhua Wei
ArticleOpen Access15 Nov 2024 Nature Communications
Birdlike broadband neuromorphic visual sensor arrays for fusion imaging

Traditional silicon vision chips often challenge in emulating complex biological behaviors. This work reports birdlike broadband neuromorphic visual sensor arrays with 5 bits of in-memory sensing and computing. The built reservoir computing system achieves motion and UV grayscale information extraction, leading to fusion visual imaging.
- Pengshan Xie
- Yunchao Xu
- Johnny C. Ho
ArticleOpen Access27 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Computing high-degree polynomial gradients in memory

Current specialized function gradient computing hardware is not scalable to common higher-order functions. This work reports an approach for massively parallel gradient calculations of high-degree polynomials. Solving a Boolean satisfiability problem was experimentally implemented on an in-memory computing circuit.
- Tinish Bhattacharya
- George H. Hutchinson
- Dmitri B. Strukov
ArticleOpen Access18 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Analog reservoir computing via ferroelectric mixed phase boundary transistors

Hardware implementation of analog reservoir computing is a challenge. The analog reservoir system in this work contains mixed phase boundary-based transistors with nonlinear short-term memory as physical reservoirs and artificial neuron, and nonvolatile ferroelectric transistors as readout networks.
- Jangsaeng Kim
- Eun Chan Park
- Daewoong Kwon
ArticleOpen Access23 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Robo-Matter towards reconfigurable multifunctional smart materials

The authors introduce the concepts of Robo-Matter and Robot-Matter duality, using magnetic spinner micro-robots. A wide range of functionalities and applications beyond the capability of both traditional inert and active materials is enabled.
- Jing Wang
- Gao Wang
- Liyu Liu
ArticleOpen Access14 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells enabled by homogenized PCBM with enhanced electron transport

Fullerene derivatives tend to increase charge recombination losses and charge accumulation at the interface in inverted perovskite solar cells. Here, authors introduce tetramethylthiuram disulfide to induce formation of sulfur radicals for n-doping, achieving efficiency of 26.1% in stable devices.
- Cheng Gong
- Haiyun Li
- Zhigang Zang
ArticleOpen Access23 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Highly efficient organic solar cells enabled by suppressing triplet exciton formation and non-radiative recombination

The high non-radiative energy loss is a bottleneck issue for efficient organic solar cells. Here, the authors regulate the charge transfer state disorder and rate of back charge transfer through a ternary system, achieving low non-radiative energy loss of 0.183 eV and device efficiency of 20.25%.
- Congqi Li
- Guo Yao
- Hui Huang
ArticleOpen Access15 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Efficient wide-bandgap perovskite photovoltaics with homogeneous halogen-phase distribution

Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells suffer from severe open-circuit voltage loss with increasing bromine content. Here, authors tackle this issue through homogeneous halogen-phase distribution realized by bottom-up templated crystallization and demonstrate tandem devices with efficiency of 28.08%.
- Rui Wang
- Xiaoyu Liu
- Tingwei He
ArticleOpen Access16 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Learning protocols for the fast and efficient control of active matter

Exact analytic calculation shows that optimal control protocols for passive molecular systems often involve rapid variations and discontinuities. However, similar analytic baselines are not generally available for active-matter systems, because it is more difficult to treat active systems exactly. Here, the authors use machine learning to derive efficient control protocols for active-matter systems, and find that they are characterized by sharp features similar to those seen in passive systems.
- Corneel Casert
- Stephen Whitelam
ArticleOpen Access23 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Collective self-caging of active filaments in virtual confinement

Motility coupled with responsive behavior is essential for microorganisms to establish suitable habitats, with simple responses like reversing motion enabling them to form stable aggregates. Kurjahn et al. show that filamentous cyanobacteria use light gradients and boundary curvature of light stimuli to form ordered, entangled aggregates, revealing how these dynamics could influence adaptive colony architectures.
- Maximilian Kurjahn
- Leila Abbaspour
- Stefan Karpitschka
ArticleOpen Access23 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Designer bright and fast CsPbBr₃ perovskite nanocrystal scintillators for high-speed X-ray imaging

Yang et al. report in-situ growth of ZnS(Ag)-CsPbBr3 heterostructures through all solid-phase synthesis for X-ray scintillators. The multiple contact sites promote light yield via efficient energy transfer from ZnS(Ag) into CsPbBr3 and enable fast decay for high-speed X-ray imaging at 200 fps.
- Zhi Yang
- Jisong Yao
- Jizhong Song
ArticleOpen Access14 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Ultrasensitive dim-light neuromorphic vision sensing via momentum-conserved reconfigurable van der Waals heterostructure

Xu et al. report reconfigurable phototransistors based on MAPbI₃/Bi₂O₂Se heterostructure, with momentum conservation promotes hot carrier extraction and interlayer carrier transport. Heterotransistor array enables traffic light signal detection under dim light, assisted by YOLOv4 neural network.
- Lei Xu
- Junling Liu
- Ming He
ArticleOpen Access18 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
High drain field impact ionization transistors as ideal switches

Yuan et al. report a nearly vertical subthreshold swing field-effect transistor consists of a graphene/silicon heterojunction drain and a silicon channel. The device enables nearly hysteresis-free transistors with subthreshold swing of 16 µV dec⁻¹, and a complementary logic inverter with gain of 311.
- Baowei Yuan
- Zhibo Chen
- Ye Lu
ArticleOpen Access19 Oct 2024 Nature Communications
Gesture recognition with Brownian reservoir computing using geometrically confined skyrmion dynamics

Physical reservoir computing allows real-time low power information processing. Here, the authors report reservoir computing with magnetic skyrmions able to detect millisecond time-scale hand gestures, matching software neural networks’ performance.
- Grischa Beneke
- Thomas Brian Winkler
- Mathias Kläui
ArticleOpen Access16 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Organic thermoelectric device utilizing charge transfer interface as the charge generation by harvesting thermal energy

The authors propose an organic thermoelectric device having a new power generation mechanism based on an organic charge transfer interface with carrier transport layers, extracting small-scale thermal energy, i.e., a few tens of millielectronvolts, at room temperature without a temperature gradient.
- Shun Kondo
- Mana Kameyama
- Chihaya Adachi
ArticleOpen Access19 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Harmonization of rapid triplet up-conversion and singlet radiation enables efficient and stable white OLEDs

Achieving highly efficient and stable white organic light-emitting diodes remains challenging. Here, the authors report a strategy to harmonize singlet exciton radiation and triplet exciton up-conversion, attaining power and external quantum efficiency of 190 lm/W and 39% with an extended lifetime.
- Manli Huang
- Zhanxiang Chen
- Chuluo Yang
ArticleOpen Access14 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Transforming wearable technology with advanced ultra-flexible energy harvesting and storage solutions

Flexible organic photovoltaics and energy storage systems have profound implications for future wearable electronics. Here, the authors discuss the transformative potential and challenges associated with the integrative design of these systems for energy harvesting.
- Muhammad Jahandar
- Soyeon Kim
- Dong Chan Lim
CommentOpen Access17 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Tracing the electron transport behavior in quantum-dot light-emitting diodes via single photon counting technique

Su et al. report a single photon counting technique to trace the electron transport paths at different voltages for QLEDs, revealing the leakage electrons into the hole transport layer or recombination at the interface, providing unambiguous understanding in the device operation and degradation mechanism.
- Qiang Su
- Zinan Chen
- Shuming Chen
ArticleOpen Access17 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Electrohydraulic musculoskeletal robotic leg for agile, adaptive, yet energy-efficient locomotion

Future bioinspired locomotion systems need design’s agility and adaptiveness. Here, the authors report a musculoskeletal leg design which leverages multi-layered electrohydraulic actuators to achieve highly energy-efficient and versatile motion.
- Thomas J. K. Buchner
- Toshihiko Fukushima
- Robert K. Katzschmann
ArticleOpen Access9 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Femtosecond laser writing of ant-inspired reconfigurable microbot collectives

Microbot collectives can cooperate to accomplish complex tasks that are difficult for a single individual. Here, the authors report magnetic and light-driven ant microbot collectives that are capable of reconfiguring multiple assembled architectures.
- Zhongguo Ren
- Chen Xin
- Dong Wu
ArticleOpen Access23 Aug 2024 Nature Communications
Intrinsically stretchable fully π-conjugated polymer film via fluid conjugated molecular external-plasticizing for flexible light-emitting diodes

The realization of intrinsically stretchable fully π-conjugated polymer film is challenging due to their inherent brittle nature. Here, authors apply semiconductor fluid molecular plasticizers to improve stretchable deformability, achieving high performance flexible polymer light-emitting diodes.
- Zhiqiang Zhuo
- Mingjian Ni
- Wei Huang
ArticleOpen Access12 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Co-adsorbed self-assembled monolayer enables high-performance perovskite and organic solar cells

Self-assembled monolayers are essential for achieving high performance solar cells by minimizing interfacial energy losses. Here, authors the develop a co-adsorb strategy with a small molecule to provide a favorable heterointerface, realizing high efficiency in p-i-n perovskite and organic devices.
- Dongyang Li
- Qing Lian
- Chun Cheng
ArticleOpen Access1 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
3D height-alternant island arrays for stretchable OLEDs with high active area ratio and maximum strain

Conventional stretchable optoelectronics suffer from sacrificed area ratio of active components to enhance maximum strain. Here, the authors develop a 3D buckled height-alternant architecture, allowing high initial active-area ratio and maximum system strain in displays with reliable performances.
- Su-Bon Kim
- Donggyun Lee
- Seunghyup Yoo
ArticleOpen Access6 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Superoxide radical derived metal-free spiro-OMeTAD for highly stable perovskite solar cells

The migration and hygroscopicity of lithium salt in doped spiro-OMeTAD hampers the device efficiency of perovskite solar cells. Here, the authors employ Eu(TFSI)₂ salts to generate superoxide radical for facile pre-oxidation, achieving enhanced efficiency and stability of solar cells and modules.
- Linfeng Ye
- Jiahao Wu
- Hongqiang Wang
ArticleOpen Access10 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Robust chelated lead octahedron surface for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

The lead halide octahedron framework is mainly stabilized via optimization of bonding characteristics and dimensionality. Here, the authors employ bidentate ligands to in-situ form lead iodide chelates layer for surface passivation, achieving device efficiency over 25% in perovskite solar cells.
- Bin Wen
- Tian Chen
- Pingqi Gao
ArticleOpen Access4 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Optoelectronic synapses with chemical-electric behaviors in gallium nitride semiconductors for biorealistic neuromorphic functionality

Integrating chemical-electric behaviors into optoelectronic synapses holds promise for several applications. Here, the authors report a photoelectrochemical synapse with dual-modal plasticity and chemically-regulated neuromorphic functions.
- Xin Liu
- Danhao Wang
- Haiding Sun
ArticleOpen Access3 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Wireless, battery-free, and real-time monitoring of water permeation across thin-film encapsulation

Water and ion ingress are challenging to quantify, especially in miniaturized microsystems. Here, Mariello et al. report a wireless and battery-free flexible water-permeation sensing platform, using backscatter communication and Mg-based microsensors for in-situ monitoring of implantable bioelectronics.
- Massimo Mariello
- James Daniel Rosenthal
- Stéphanie P. Lacour
ArticleOpen Access28 Aug 2024 Nature Communications
High-resolution flexible iontronic skins for both negative and positive pressure measurement in room temperature wind tunnel applications

Flexible skins are desired for wind pressure measurement on curved surfaces. Here, the authors report a flexible skin using two iontronic pressure sensors for negative pressure and positive pressure sensing, respectively, and demonstrate its application to pressure measurements in room temperature wind tunnels.
- Jingxiao Wang
- Xueyong Wei
- Chuan Fei Guo
ArticleOpen Access17 Aug 2024 Nature Communications
Interference haptic stimulation and consistent quantitative tactility in transparent electrotactile screen with pressure-sensitive transistors

Electrotactile systems can have inconsistent tactile results due to variations in pressure between the device and finger. Here, the authors report a transparent electrotactile device with pressure-sensitive transistors, enabling consistent electrotactility while interference stimulation maximizes the performance.
- Kyeonghee Lim
- Jakyoung Lee
- Jang-Ung Park
ArticleOpen Access21 Aug 2024 Nature Communications
Printable, stretchable metal-vapor-desorption layers for high-fidelity patterning in soft, freeform electronics

Existing patterning methods for thin metal films rely on prefabricated rigid masks incompatible with soft substrates. Here, the authors report printable and stretchable metal-vapor-desorption layers that facilitate high-fidelity patterning, enabling circuits and devices on 3D curvilinear and stretchable substrates.
- Sujin Jeong
- Hyungsoo Yoon
- Yongtaek Hong
ArticleOpen Access22 Aug 2024 Nature Communications
A bioinspired tactile scanner for computer haptics

Computer haptics addresses tactile sensation and haptic rendering particularly for the Metaverse. Here, the authors report a design and implantation of a tactile scanner, to collect data used to render haptic feedback and recreate a feeling of touch.
- Huimin Li
- Jianle Lin
- Kai Wang
ArticleOpen Access2 Sep 2024 Nature Communications
Transformable 3D curved high-density liquid metal coils – an integrated unit for general soft actuation, sensing and communication

Developing flexible coils for soft robotic applications is challenging due to their sparse structure. Here, the authors present a design of transformable 3D curved high-density liquid metal coils, surpassing the structural density level of enameled wire for soft actuation, sensing, and communication.
- Nan Li
- Yingxin Zhou
- Jing Liu
ArticleOpen Access5 Sep 2024 Nature Communications

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