In this Review, Liu, Yang and He explore the diverse mechanisms by which various post-translational protein acylations, and the dynamic interactions between them, contribute to cardiac hypertrophy. The authors also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting acylations to modulate their effects on chromatin architecture, enzyme activity and metabolic pathways.

To regenerate the injured heart, cardiomyocytes must proliferate to replace lost myocardial tissue, but this capacity is largely absent in adult mammals. In this Review, Koopmans and van Rooij explore the key pathways that drive cardiomyocyte maturation after birth and how targeted manipulation might reactivate the cell cycle in adult cardiomyocytes.

In this Review, Schuermans and Honigberg highlight the involvement of clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) in cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and heart failure, and discuss the emerging role of CHIP as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for these diseases.

Inhibition of factor XI has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate bleeding while potentially preserving antithrombotic efficacy. In this Review, the authors comprehensively discuss the rationale, pharmacology, evidence and future directions for factor XI inhibitors across various clinical settings.