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The papal deposing power was the most powerful tool of the political authority claimed by and on behalf of the Roman Pontiff, in medieval and early modern thought, amounting to the assertion of the Pope's power to declare a Christian monarch heretical and powerless to rule. Pope Gregory VII's Dictatus Papae (c. 1075) claimed for the Pope "that it may be permitted to him to depose emperors" (12) and asserted the papal power to "absolve subjects from their fealty to wicked men" (27).

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  • The papal deposing power was the most powerful tool of the political authority claimed by and on behalf of the Roman Pontiff, in medieval and early modern thought, amounting to the assertion of the Pope's power to declare a Christian monarch heretical and powerless to rule. Pope Gregory VII's Dictatus Papae (c. 1075) claimed for the Pope "that it may be permitted to him to depose emperors" (12) and asserted the papal power to "absolve subjects from their fealty to wicked men" (27). Oaths of allegiance held together the feudal political structure of medieval Europe. The principle behind deposition was that the Pope, as the ultimate representative of God from whom all oaths draw their force, could in extreme circumstances absolve a ruler's subjects of their allegiance, thereby rendering the ruler powerless. In a medieval Europe in which all confessed the Pope as head of the visible Church, it gave concrete embodiment to the superiority of the spiritual power over the temporal—the other side, so to speak, of the role of Popes and bishops in anointing and crowning emperors and kings. (en)
  • O poder de deposição papal foi a ferramenta mais poderosa da autoridade política reivindicada por e em nome do Romano Pontífice, no pensamento medieval e no início da modernidade, equivalente à afirmação do poder do Papa de declarar um monarca cristão herético e impotente para governar. O Dictatus Papae do Papa Gregório VII (c. 1075) afirmou para o Papa "que pode ser permitido a ele depor imperadores" (12) e afirmou o poder papal para "absolver súditos de sua fidelidade aos homens ímpios" (27). Os juramentos de lealdade mantinham a estrutura política feudal da Europa medieval. O princípio por trás da deposição era que o papa, como o representante final de Deus de quem todos os juramentos extraem sua força, poderia em circunstâncias extremas absolver os súditos de um governante de sua lealdade, tornando o governante impotente. Em uma Europa medieval em que todos confessavam o Papa como chefe da Igreja visível, isso encarnou concretamente a superioridade do poder espiritual sobre o temporal - o outro lado, por assim dizer, do papel dos papas e bispos na unção e imperadores e reis coroados. (pt)
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  • The papal deposing power was the most powerful tool of the political authority claimed by and on behalf of the Roman Pontiff, in medieval and early modern thought, amounting to the assertion of the Pope's power to declare a Christian monarch heretical and powerless to rule. Pope Gregory VII's Dictatus Papae (c. 1075) claimed for the Pope "that it may be permitted to him to depose emperors" (12) and asserted the papal power to "absolve subjects from their fealty to wicked men" (27). (en)
  • O poder de deposição papal foi a ferramenta mais poderosa da autoridade política reivindicada por e em nome do Romano Pontífice, no pensamento medieval e no início da modernidade, equivalente à afirmação do poder do Papa de declarar um monarca cristão herético e impotente para governar. O Dictatus Papae do Papa Gregório VII (c. 1075) afirmou para o Papa "que pode ser permitido a ele depor imperadores" (12) e afirmou o poder papal para "absolver súditos de sua fidelidade aos homens ímpios" (27). (pt)
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  • Papal deposing power (en)
  • Poder de deposição papal (pt)
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