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- Die Humboldt Sink (Humboldt-Senke), benannt nach Alexander von Humboldt, ist ein abflussloses Talbecken im Nordwesten des US-Bundesstaates Nevada. In der Senke befindet sich der Humboldt Lake (Humboldtsee), Endpunkt des Humboldt River; je nach Wetter und Jahreszeit variiert der Wasserstand. Die Senke ist etwa 11 Meilen (18 km) lang und 4 Meilen (6 km) breit. Sie ist, wie auch andere Senken und Seen in der Umgebung, ein Überrest des prähistorischen Lake Lahontan, der nach der letzten Eiszeit vor etwa 12.500 Jahren den unteren Bereich des Humboldt-River-Beckens bedeckte. Die Humboldt Sink lag auf dem California Trail, auf dem die ersten Siedler und Goldsucher Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts nach Kalifornien zogen. Die Gegend um die Humboldt Sink war unter dem Namen Forty Mile Desert berüchtigt und gefürchtet. Der California Trail folgte dem Humboldt River, der in der Humboldt Sink endet. Die nächsten 40 Meilen (64 km) bis zum Carson River oder dem Truckee River führten die Siedler durch Wüste ohne Trinkwasser, bevor das Gebirge der Sierra Nevada zu überqueren war. Die Gegend war schon lange vorher besiedelt. Die wurde bereits seit über 2000 Jahren v. Chr. von Menschen benutzt. Archäologische Funde belegen, dass Ureinwohner während feuchterer Wetterperioden in der Humboldt Sink jagten und fischten. Die Humboldt Sink liegt im Westen des Großen Beckens (Great Basin) zwischen dem westlichen Humboldtgebirge (West Humboldt Range) im Südosten und dem im Nordwesten, an der Grenze zwischen dem Pershing County und dem Churchill County in Nevada, etwa 50 Meilen (80 km) nordöstlich von Reno. Die Interstate 80 von New Jersey nach Kalifornien verläuft entlang der nordwestlichen Seite der Senke. Das Becken hat keinen natürlichen Abfluss. Ein Kanal zum Carson River wurde 1984 gegraben, um die Interstate 80 vor Überschwemmungen nach der Schneeschmelze zu schützen. Die Humboldt Sink steht als Rastplatz zahlreicher Zugvögel unter Naturschutz. (de)
- The Humboldt Sink is an intermittent dry lake bed, approximately 11 mi (18 km) long, and 4 mi (6 km) across, in northwestern Nevada in the United States. The body of water in the sink is known as Humboldt Lake. The sink and its surrounding area was a notorious and dreaded portion (called the Forty Mile Desert) of overland travel to California during the westward migrations of the mid-1800s, which were largely undertaken along the California Trail. Humboldt Sink is located between the West Humboldt Range (to the southeast) and the Trinity Range (to the northwest), on the border between Pershing and Churchill counties, approximately 50 mi (80 km) northeast of Reno. It is fed from the northeast by the 330 miles (530 km) long Humboldt River, the second longest river in the Great Basin of North America (after the Bear River). Interstate 80 passes along the northwest side of the sink. The sink has no natural outlet. A channel connecting it with the Carson Sink was cut by the Nevada Department of Transportation in 1984 to prevent Interstate 80 and the town of Lovelock from flooding after heavy snowfall in the preceding three years. As of 2004, this channel has been dry since 1986. The sink, along with the Carson Sink, is remnants of the larger prehistoric Lake Lahontan that existed at the end of the last ice age, approximately 13,000 years ago. The sink is protected as part of the Humboldt Wildlife Management Area. Wetlands in and near the sink, such as the Humboldt Salt Marsh provide important nesting, foraging, and resting habitat to large numbers of migratory birds. The sink has a long history of human habitation. In addition to Lovelock Cave, an outcrop in the West Humboldt Range in which 2000-year-old duck decoys have been found, there is also evidence of huts constructed in the bed of Lake Humboldt. Evidence from these important archaeological sites suggests that Native Americans hunted and fished in the Humboldt Sink during wetter climatic periods. These landforms are named for the Humboldt River, which is in turn named after German naturalist Alexander von Humboldt. (en)
- L'Humboldt Sink è una depressione presente nel Gran Bacino, nel Nevada nord-occidentale, negli Stati Uniti. Lunga approssimativamente 18 km e larga 6 km, è in parte occupata dal lago omonimo (Humboldt Lake), alimentato dal fiume Humboldt. La restante parte è costituita dal letto asciutto del lago stesso. La depressione e le zone limitrofe costituivano una tappa nota e temuta nel tragitto verso la California durante la migrazione verso Ovest della metà dell'Ottocento. La depressione non ha emissari naturali. Un canale che lo collega con il Carson Sink è stato aperto dal nel 1984 per prevenire che le nevi cadute nei tre anni precedenti generassero alluvioni che potessero coinvolgere l'Interstate 80 e la città di Lovelock. Il canale è rimasto asciutto dal 1986. Le depressioni di Humboldt e Carson sono entrambe rimanenze del Lago Lahontan, formatosi al termine dell'ultima glaciazione, 13000 anni fa circa. Così denominato in onore del naturalista tedesco Alexander von Humboldt, l'Humboldt Sink è protetto e fa parte dell'Humboldt Wildlife Management Area. Le aree umide nella depressione e nelle zone limitrofe, quali le paludi salate Humboldt (Humboldt Salt Marsh) rappresentano un sito di nidificazione, nutrizione e sosta per un gran numero di uccelli migratori. Sono stati trovati importanti ritrovamenti archeologici nell'area. Nella sono state trovate delle esche per anatre risalenti a 2000 anni fa; sono state trovate tracce, inoltre, di capanne costruite nel letto del lago Humboldt. Ciò ha condotto gli archeologi a ritenere che le popolazioni indigene del Gran Bacino possano aver cacciato e pescato nell'Humboldt Sink durante periodi climatici più umidi. (it)
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- Die Humboldt Sink (Humboldt-Senke), benannt nach Alexander von Humboldt, ist ein abflussloses Talbecken im Nordwesten des US-Bundesstaates Nevada. In der Senke befindet sich der Humboldt Lake (Humboldtsee), Endpunkt des Humboldt River; je nach Wetter und Jahreszeit variiert der Wasserstand. Die Senke ist etwa 11 Meilen (18 km) lang und 4 Meilen (6 km) breit. Sie ist, wie auch andere Senken und Seen in der Umgebung, ein Überrest des prähistorischen Lake Lahontan, der nach der letzten Eiszeit vor etwa 12.500 Jahren den unteren Bereich des Humboldt-River-Beckens bedeckte. (de)
- The Humboldt Sink is an intermittent dry lake bed, approximately 11 mi (18 km) long, and 4 mi (6 km) across, in northwestern Nevada in the United States. The body of water in the sink is known as Humboldt Lake. The sink and its surrounding area was a notorious and dreaded portion (called the Forty Mile Desert) of overland travel to California during the westward migrations of the mid-1800s, which were largely undertaken along the California Trail. These landforms are named for the Humboldt River, which is in turn named after German naturalist Alexander von Humboldt. (en)
- L'Humboldt Sink è una depressione presente nel Gran Bacino, nel Nevada nord-occidentale, negli Stati Uniti. Lunga approssimativamente 18 km e larga 6 km, è in parte occupata dal lago omonimo (Humboldt Lake), alimentato dal fiume Humboldt. La restante parte è costituita dal letto asciutto del lago stesso. La depressione e le zone limitrofe costituivano una tappa nota e temuta nel tragitto verso la California durante la migrazione verso Ovest della metà dell'Ottocento. (it)
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