頭

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頭 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+7, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一廿一月金 (MTMBC), четири-угла 1118₆, composition ⿰豆頁)

• 𭀆, 𫷒, 𢸸, 𤃌, 𨯲, 𡾣, 䕱, 𨷩

• 头 (Simplified Chinese)

• KangXi: page 1404, карактер 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 43490
• Dae Jaweon: страна 1921, карактер 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian: том 7, страна 4372, карактер 5
• Unihan data за U+982D

 

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 頭 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 頭 (Кантонски)
• thèu (Hakka)
• tàu (Eastern Min)
• thâu (Southern Min)
• 头 (Ву)

Историјски облици карактера 頭
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : phonetic 豆 + semantic 頁／页 (“head”).

Replaced earlier 首 (“head”) due to homophony with 手 (“hand”) (Sagart, 1999).

Several etymologies have been proposed:

• From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-bu-s (“head”) or its allofam *du (“head”); compare Tibetan དབུ (dbu, “head”), Burmese ဦး (u:, “head”), Nuosu ꀑ (o, “head”), Proto-Loloish *ʔ-du² (“head”) (Benedict, 1972; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT; Starostin).
• From Proto-Mon-Khmer *duul() (“to carry on one's head”), whence Khmer ទូល (tuul); this is phonologically plausible since final consonants are often lost after a long vowel in loanwords (Schuessler, 2007).
• A variant of 豆 (“a kind of vessel”), as skulls could have been used as drinking recipients; compare Француски tête (“head”) from Латински testa (“pot; jug”) and Немачки Kopf (“head”) from Middle High German kopf (“drinking vessel”) (Maréchal, 1994; Sagart, 1999). However, Schuessler (2007) notes that 豆 seems like a tone C (去聲) derivation from 頭, which may have originally meant “skull”.
• Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstructs the Old Chinese with a *m- prefix for human body parts, deriving it from 兜 (“helmet; hood”).

Lua грешка in Модул:wuu-pron at line 162: Incorrect tone notation "3" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu..

頭

1. (anatomy) head (Класификатор: 個／个 m c)

   我頭不再痛了。／我头不再痛了。  ―  Wǒ tóu bùzài tòng le.  ―  My head doesn't hurt any more.

   • 居喪之禮，頭有創則沐，身有瘍則浴。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     居丧之礼，头有创则沐，身有疡则浴。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Jūsāng zhī lǐ, tóu yǒu chuāng zé mù, shēn yǒu yáng zé yù. [Pinyin]

     According to the same rules, if he have a scab on his head, he should wash it; if he have a sore on his body, he should bathe it.

   • 我又要叫你和女人彼此為仇；你的後裔和女人的後裔也彼此為仇。女人的後裔要傷你的頭；你要傷他的腳跟。 [MSC, trad.]
     我又要叫你和女人彼此为仇；你的后裔和女人的后裔也彼此为仇。女人的后裔要伤你的头；你要伤他的脚跟。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 新標點和合本／新标点和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 創世記 (Genesis) 3:15

     Wǒ yòu yào jiào nǐ hé nǚrén bǐcǐ wéi chóu; nǐ de hòuyì hé nǚrén de hòuyì yě bǐcǐ wéi chóu. Nǚrén de hòuyì yào shāng nǐ de tóu; nǐ yào shāng tā de jiǎogēn. [Pinyin]

     And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.

2. hair; hairstyle

   洗頭／洗头  ―  xǐtóu  ―  to wash one's hair

   把頭剃光／把头剃光  ―  bǎ tóu tì guāng  ―  to shave one's head

3. beginning or end

   從頭開始／从头开始  ―  cóng tóu kāishǐ  ―  to start from the beginning

4. top; tip; end

   山頭／山头  ―  shāntóu  ―  top of a mountain

   火柴頭／火柴头  ―  huǒchái tóu  ―  tip of a match

5. chief; boss; leader Галицијски

   工頭／工头  ―  gōngtóu  ―  foreman

   你們的頭兒是誰？ [MSC, trad.]
   你们的头儿是谁？ [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐmen de tóur shì shéi? [Pinyin]

   Who is your leader?

6. remnant; end

   布頭兒／布头儿  ―  bùtóur  ―  oddment

   煙頭／烟头  ―  yāntóu  ―  cigarette bud

7. first; leading

   頭獎／头奖  ―  tóujiǎng  ―  first prize; biggest prize

   頭班車／头班车  ―  tóu bān chē  ―  first bus

8. (used before a classifier or a numeral) first

   頭一遍／头一遍  ―  tóu yī biàn  ―  the first time

   頭三天／头三天  ―  tóu sān tiān  ―  the first three days

   頭幾個／头几个  ―  tóu jǐge  ―  the first few

9. (Hakka, Min Nan, dated in Mainland China) station

   車頭／车头 [Hokkien]  ―  車頭 [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  train station

10. side; aspect
11. Класификатор за livestock. ⇒ све именице користе овај класификатор

    我有兩頭豬。／我有两头猪。  ―  Wǒ yǒu liǎng tóu zhū.  ―  I have two pigs.

12. (dialectal) Класификатор за other animals.
13. (Min Bei) Класификатор за flowers.

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Chinese).

Lua грешка in Модул:wuu-pron at line 162: Incorrect tone notation "3" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu..

頭

1. Suffix that forms nouns.
   1. Added to a noun.

      罐頭／罐头  ―  guàntou  ―  can; tin

      石頭／石头  ―  shítou  ―  rock

   2. Added to a locative word.

      裡頭／里头  ―  lǐtou  ―  inside

      前頭／前头  ―  qiántou  ―  front

   3. Added to a verb to form an abstract noun.

      念頭／念头  ―  niàntou  ―  thought; idea

   4. Added to an adjective to form an abstract noun.

      甜頭／甜头  ―  tiántou  ―  sweet taste; benefit

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Chinese).

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Chinese).

• Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04555

Шаблон:ja-kanji

1. head
2. counter for large animals

• Go-on: ず (zu, Jōyō)^{←づ (du, historical)}
• Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)^{←とう (tou, historical)}
• Tō-on: じゅう (jū)^{←ぢゆう (dyuu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: と (to, Jōyō ^†)
• Kun: あたま (atama, 頭, Jōyō); かしら (kashira, 頭); かぶり (kaburi, 頭); こうべ (kōbe, 頭)^{←かうべ (kaube, 頭, historical)}
• Nanori: かぶ (kabu); かぶし (kabushi); かみ (kami); ちゃん (chan); つぶり (tsuburi); つむ (tsumu); つむり (tsumuri); づ (zu); どたま (dotama)

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Kanji.

 

Јапански Wikipedia has an article on:

頭

Википедија ^ja

 

Енглески Wikipedia has an article on:

Head

Википедија

Probably from Old Japanese. First cited in the ten-volume Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.^[1]

Непознато derivation. Theories include:

• Compound of 天玉 (a tama, literally “heaven, sky + ball”). This is problematic phonetically, as 天 appears historically as ama or ame, not as just a
• Compound of 当て間 (ate ma, literally “putting something in contact + space, gap”), referring to the head as a moxibustion point. This is also problematic phonetically, as the shift from ate to ata necessitates a change in meaning of the underlying verb. This is also problematic semantically, as the 間 (ma) term refers more specifically to a gap or space.
• Compound of 貴間 (ate ma, literally “noble + space”), referring to the most important part of the body. However, the use of 間 (ma) in this way is again problematic. Moreover, 貴 (ate, “noble”) appears in The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter dating to the 900s CE, while 頭 (atama) with a sense of fontanelle appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō dated 938 CE, leaving insufficient time for either the semantic or phonetic drift required.^[1][2]

Historically, this term first appears with a sense of fontanelle, in reference to the soft place on the top of an infant's head where the bones of the skull have not yet fused. As such, a more likely derivation might be as a compound of 当た (ata, “not quite touching, not quite in contact”, possibly a fossilized 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of classical verb 当つ (atsu), root of modern 当たる (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)) +‎ 間 (ma, “space, gap, opening”).

• () あたま [àtámáꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2][3]
• () あたま [àtáꜜmà] (Nakadaka – [2])^[2][3]
• МФА^(кључ): [a̠ta̠ma̠]

頭(あたま) (atama) 

1. head (body part)

   頭(あたま)が痛(いた)い。

   Atama ga itai.

   My head hurts.

2. (anatomy, archaic, possibly obsolete) the fontanelle part of the skull

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Japanese).

• Etymology entry for 頭 (atama) at Gogen-Yurai Jiten (Etymology and Origin Dictionary; in Japanese): http://gogen-allguide.com/a/atama.html
• Etymology entry for 頭 (atama) at Key: Zatsugaku Jiten (Key: Dictionary of Miscellaneous Knowledge; in Japanese}: http://www.7key.jp/data/language/etymology/a/atama.html#etymology

From Old Japanese.^[1] Found as a standalone noun in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, and as a counter in the Kojiki, dating to 712 CE.

• () かしら [kàshíráꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2][3]
• МФА^(кључ): [ka̠ɕiɾa̠]

• The pitch accent for the counter depends on the preceding noun.

頭(かしら) (-kashira) 

1. a head, as when counting people, or cattle or other livestock

頭(かしら) (kashira) 

1. the head as a whole
2. boss, leader
3. top part of a Chinese character
4. the head of a doll

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Japanese).

Cognate with and shift in meaning from かぶり (kaburi, “covering; hat, crown”), spelled in kanji as 被り or 冠.

• () かぶり [kàbúrí] (Heiban – [0])^[2][3]
• () かぶり [kàbúríꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2][3]
• () かぶり [káꜜbùrì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2][3]
• МФА^(кључ): [ka̠bɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]

頭(かぶり) (kaburi) 

1. head

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Japanese).

Cognate with 株(かぶ) (kabu, “stump; root”), from a general sense of lump.^[1]

• МФА^(кључ): [ka̠bɯ̟ᵝ]

頭(かぶ) (kabu) 

1. (obsolete) head

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Japanese).

Cognate with 粒 (tsubu, “round thing”, such as a grain), 禿ぶ (tsubu, “to go bald”, from the idea of one's head becoming round), 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective), 潰れる (tsubureru, “to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing”).^[1]

Some sources^[2] derive this as a shift from 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective). However, the phonology and semantics for this do not fit (changing /a/ to /i/, and repurposing the adjectivizing suffix ら to instead form a noun). The modern verb tsubureru had the form tsuburu in older stages of the language. The tsuburi reading for 頭 may more likely represent a nominalization derived from this older verb, following normal patterns for creating nouns from verbs.

Compare Okinawan ちぶる (chiburu, “head”).

• МФА^(кључ): [t͡sɨᵝbɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]

頭(つぶり) (tsuburi) 

1. head

From tsuburi above. Bilabial plosive /b/ becomes bilabial nasal /m/.

• () つむり [tsùmúríꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2][3]
• МФА^(кључ): [t͡sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]

頭(つむり) (tsumuri) 

1. head
2. hair of the head

Shortened from tsumuri above.^[1]

• МФА^(кључ): [t͡sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝ]

頭(つむ) (tsumu) 

1. head

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Japanese).

/kamipe/ → /kampe/ → /kaube/ → /kɔːbe/ → /koːbe/

Compound of either 上 (kami, “upper”) or 髪 (kami, “hair”) (likely cognates) with the suffix 方 (pe, “location, direction”).^[1][2][4]

Alternatively, may be an alteration from 頭 (kabu, “head”) + 上 (ue, “up”).^[1]

• () こーべ [kòóbé] (Heiban – [0])^[2][3]
• () こーべ [kòóbéꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2][3]
• () こーべ [kóꜜòbè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[3]
• МФА^(кључ): [ko̞ːbe̞]

頭(こうべ) (kōbe) ^{←かうべ (kaube)?}

1. head

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Japanese).

Contraction of ど (do-, “super-”, often used ironically as a derogatory prefix) +‎ 頭 (atama, “head”).

• () どたま [dòtámáꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2]
• МФА^(кључ): [do̞ta̠ma̠]

頭(どたま) (dotama) 

1. (derogatory) head

Often spelled in hiragana, as どたま.

/du/ → /d͡zu/ → /zu/

From Middle Chinese 頭. The goon reading, so likely an earlier borrowing.

• () ず [zù] (Heiban – [0])^[2][3]
• МФА^(кључ): [d͡zɨᵝ]

頭(ず) (zu) ^{←づ (du)?}

1. head

This reading is more often found in compounds, such as 頭痛 (zutsū, “a headache”).

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Japanese).

From Middle Chinese 頭. The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. The shift from initial /d/ to voiceless /t/ is due to influence or reborrowing from a later stage of the Chinese language. Compare modern Мандарин reading tóu, Кантонски tau⁴, Min Nan tao⁵.

• МФА^(кључ): [to̞ː]

頭(とう) or 頭(counter) (tō or counter) [[Категорија:Јапански Шаблон:error|とう]]

1. counter for certain relatively large animals, or for livestock animals; "head"

   合(あ)わせて 1300(せんさんびゃく) 頭(とう)余(あま)りが出(しゅっ)荷(か)され、全(ぜん)国(こく)各(かく)地(ち)に流(りゅう)通(つう)した。

   Awasete sensanbyaku tō amari ga shukka sare, zenkoku kakuchi ni ryūtsū shita.

   Altogether over 1300 head of cattle have been distributed throughout the country.

   三(さん)頭(とう)の北(ホッ)極(キョク)熊(グマ)

   santō no Hokkyokuguma

   three polar bears

   一(いっ)頭(とう)の羊(ヒツジ)

   ittō no hitsuji

   one sheep

2. counter for insects (used only in biology)

頭(とう) (tō) 

1. head

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Head (Japanese).

From Middle Chinese 頭.

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(кључ): [tu]
• Phonetic hangul: [두]

 

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

[[wikisource:ko:Special:Search/"頭"|頭]]

Wikisource

頭 (eumhun 머리 두 (meori du))

1. Hanja form^? of 두 (“head”).

• Види 頭/изведени термини § Hanja.

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Cognate with mainland Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

1. head

Cognate with mainland Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

1. head
2. an intelligent person

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

1. head
2. an intelligent person

Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

1. head

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

頭 (hiragana つぶり, romaji tsuburi, hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu, hiragana つぃぶるぃ, romaji tsiburi)

頭 (hiragana つぶり, romaji tsuburi, hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu, hiragana つぃぶるぃ, romaji tsiburi)

1. head

Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

1. head
2. an intelligent person

 

Изговор:

пинјин: tóu  

Аудио:

(датотека)

Шаблон:zh-cir

Радикал:

頁 181

Шаблон:Karakter

Значења:

...

Примери:

  „Откривење, глава 13”

—

1. 12 他在頭一個獸面前、施行頭一個獸所有的權柄．並且叫地和住在地上的人、拜那死傷醫好的頭一個獸。
   1. 12 Tā zài tóu yīgè shòu miànqián, shīxíng tou yīgè shòu suǒyǒu de quánbǐng. Bìngqiě jiào de hé zhù zài dìshàng de rén, bài nà sǐshāng yī hǎo de tóu yīgè shòu.
      1. 12. И сву власт прве звери чињаше пред њом; и учини да земља и који живе на њој поклони се првој звери којој се исцели рана смртна.
         1. Откр. 17:8
            1. 11 13

Хомофони:

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Серија:

1. 系列#0381（豆）：
   • • 豆｜侸｜哣｜饾｜餖｜浢｜梪｜脰｜短｜裋｜鋀｜剅｜郖｜豉｜毭｜頭｜壴｜荳｜豈｜壹｜登｜豊｜豋｜豎｜痘｜逗｜
     • 覻

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Сродни чланци са Википедије:

頭

• [archchinese.com [2]]
• [Biblija [3]]
• [wordproject.org [4]]