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{{Taxobox
| image = Plums African Rose - whole, halved and slice.jpg
| image_caption = 
| image2 = 
| image2_caption = 
| regnum  = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
| ordo = [[Rosales]]
| familia = [[Rosaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Amygdaloideae]]<ref name=Potter>{{cite journal |author1=D. Potter |author2=T. Eriksson |author3=R. C. Evans |author4=S. Oh |author5=J. E. E. Smedmark |author6=D. R. Morgan |author7=M. Kerr |author8=K. R. Robson |author9=M. Arsenault |author10=T. A. Dickinson |author11=C. S. Campbell |year=2007 |title=Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae |journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution |volume=266 |issue=1–2 |pages=5–43 |url=http://biology.umaine.edu/Amelanchier/Rosaceae_2007.pdf |doi=10.1007/s00606-007-0539-9 |s2cid=16578516 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131124115338/http://biology.umaine.edu/Amelanchier/Rosaceae_2007.pdf |archivedate=2013-11-24 |access-date=2018-07-04 }} Note that this publication pre-dates the 2011 International Botanical Congress which mandates that the combined subfamily referred to in the paper as Spiraeoideae must be called Amygdaloideae.({{cite web |url=http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php?page=art19#Ex.5 |title=Article 19 – Ex.5 |publisher=International Association for Plant Taxonomy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043344/http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php?page=art19 |archive-date=2016-03-04 }})</ref>
| genus = ''[[Prunus]]''
| subgenus = '''''Prunus'''''
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text.
}}
A '''plum''' is a [[Sweet (taste)|sweet]] [[fruit]] that grows on a '''plum tree'''. The scientific name for the tree is ''[[Prunus]]'' ''domestica''. When the fruit is dried, it is called a [[prune]]. The color "[[Plum (color)|plum]]" takes its name from the fruit.

'''''Prunus domestica''''' is the '''European plum'''. Most of the plums we eat are grown on varieties of this tree. [[Greengage]]s and [[damson]]s are varieties of plum.

The plant is usually  a large [[shrub]]  or a small [[tree]]. It has attractive white [[blossom]] in spring. The branches often have [[Thorns, spines and prickles|thorns]]. The fruit can be up to 8&nbsp;cm across, and is usually sweet (dessert plum).  Some varieties are sour and require cooking with sugar. The fruit  has a single large seed inside.

Some plum trees need another plum tree growing nearby to fertilise the flowers. Without this the plum tree may not produce any fruit.

Plum colored plums are called ''purple plums'' and are a deep [[purple]] color; other plums are reddish purple. Some other plums can be [[yellow]], [[red]], [[green]] or even [[white]]. The fruit has a groove running down one side, and a smooth stone ([[seed]]). The flesh of the fruit is brownish and is very juicy. The skin can be eaten. It can also be used to make [[jam]] and the [[juice]] can be used to make [[wine]]. It is closely related to the [[apricot]].

Plums contain many nutrients but is highest in vitamin C and potassium. A single plum contains approximately 6 grams of [[vitamin C]] and 100 grams of [[potassium]].

== Cultivation ==
There are many [[cultivar]]s of plum. 
Plums come in a wide variety of colors and sizes. Some are much firmer-fleshed than others, and some have yellow, white, green or red flesh, with equally varying skin color. These are some of the best-kown:
* [[Damson]] (purple or black skin, green flesh, clingstone, astringent) 
* '''Greengage''' (firm, green flesh and skin even when ripe)
* '''Yellowgage''' or golden plum (similar to greengage, but yellow)
* '''Victoria plum''' (yellow flesh with a red or mottled skin)
* [[Satsuma plum]] (firm red flesh with a red skin)
* [[Mirabelle plum]] (dark yellow, mostly grown in northeast [[France]])

== Related pages ==
* [[Plum (color)]]
* [[Fruit trees]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Other websites ==
{{Commons|Plum}}[https://www.calorietarget.com/calorietarget/plums/ Plum Nutrition Facts]{{wikispecies|Prunus}}
* [http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/pram.htm ''Prunus americanum'' images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908051929/http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/pram.htm |date=2017-09-08 }}

{{fruits}}

[[Category:Plums| ]]

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