Hopf algebras of m-permutations,(m+ 1)-ary trees, and m-parking functions
JC Novelli, JY Thibon - Advances in Applied Mathematics, 2020 - Elsevier
Advances in Applied Mathematics, 2020•Elsevier
The m-Tamari lattice of F. Bergeron is an analogue of the classical Tamari order defined on
objects counted by Fuss-Catalan numbers, such as m-Dyck paths or (m+ 1)-ary trees. On
another hand, the Tamari order is related to the product in the Loday-Ronco Hopf algebra of
planar binary trees. We introduce new combinatorial Hopf algebras based on (m+ 1)-ary
trees, whose structure is described by the m-Tamari lattices. In the same way as planar
binary trees can be interpreted as sylvester classes of permutations, we obtain (m+ 1)-ary …
objects counted by Fuss-Catalan numbers, such as m-Dyck paths or (m+ 1)-ary trees. On
another hand, the Tamari order is related to the product in the Loday-Ronco Hopf algebra of
planar binary trees. We introduce new combinatorial Hopf algebras based on (m+ 1)-ary
trees, whose structure is described by the m-Tamari lattices. In the same way as planar
binary trees can be interpreted as sylvester classes of permutations, we obtain (m+ 1)-ary …
The m-Tamari lattice of F. Bergeron is an analogue of the classical Tamari order defined on objects counted by Fuss-Catalan numbers, such as m-Dyck paths or (m+ 1)-ary trees. On another hand, the Tamari order is related to the product in the Loday-Ronco Hopf algebra of planar binary trees. We introduce new combinatorial Hopf algebras based on (m+ 1)-ary trees, whose structure is described by the m-Tamari lattices. In the same way as planar binary trees can be interpreted as sylvester classes of permutations, we obtain (m+ 1)-ary trees as sylvester classes of what we call m-permutations. These objects are no longer in bijection with decreasing (m+ 1)-ary trees, and a finer congruence, called metasylvester, allows us to build Hopf algebras based on these decreasing trees. At the opposite, a coarser congruence, called hyposylvester, leads to Hopf algebras of graded dimensions (m+ 1) n− 1, generalizing noncommutative symmetric functions and quasi-symmetric functions in a natural way. Finally, the algebras of packed words and parking functions also admit such m-analogues, and we present their subalgebras and quotients induced by the various congruences.
Elsevier