Objective Delayed second dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination trades maximal effectiveness for
a lower level of immunity across more of the population. We investigated whether patients …

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has emerged as a useful tool for optimising the use of
biologics, and in particular anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy, in inflammatory …

Background Vedolizumab (VDZ) is effective for treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s
disease (CD). In GEMINI trials, anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF)–naïve patients had a …

Atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are often regarded as 2 distinct entities.
The commonest manifestation of atherosclerosis is ischemic heart disease (IHD), and an …

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33: 551–558 Summary Background Although patients with
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of osteoporosis, low bone mineral …

Background and Aims Double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) has revolutionised the diagnosis
and treatment of small bowel (SB) conditions. However, deep SB insertion can be …

Background Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) by measuring infliximab (IFX) trough levels
and antibodies to infliximab (ATI) is used to optimise treatment in inflammatory bowel …

The role of the gut microbiome (GM) and oral microbiome (OM) in cardiovascular disease (CVD)
has been increasingly being understood in recent years. It is well known that GM is a …

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing-remitting condition
affecting 600 000 people in the UK. Traditionally, patients attend outpatient clinics for monitoring …

Left ventricular (LV) thrombus formation remains a post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
complication even in the modern era of early reperfusion. The optimal anticoagulation regimen …