Archaeologists have long been puzzled by the appearance in Europe∼ 40–35 thousand
years (kyr) ago of a rich corpus of sophisticated artworks, including parietal art (that is …

Homo floresiensis, a primitive hominin species discovered in Late Pleistocene sediments at
Liang Bua (Flores, Indonesia),,, has generated wide interest and scientific debate. A major …

Genetic evidence for anatomically modern humans (AMH) out of Africa before 75 thousand
years ago (ka) and in island southeast Asia (ISEA) before 60 ka (93–61 ka) predates …

Figurative cave paintings from the Indonesian island of Sulawesi date to at least 35,000
years ago (ka) and hand-stencil art from the same region has a minimum date of 40 ka. Here …

The brain of Homo floresiensis was assessed by comparing a virtual endocast from the type
specimen (LB1) with endocasts from great apes, Homo erectus, Homo sapiens, a human …

Whether the Late Pleistocene hominin fossils from Flores, Indonesia, represent a new
species, Homo floresiensis, or pathological modern humans has been debated. Analysis of …

Excavations at Liang Bua, a limestone cave on the island of Flores, East Indonesia, have
yielded a well-dated archaeological and faunal sequence spanning the last 95k. yr., major …

The holotype of Homo floresiensis, diminutive hominins with tiny brains living until 12,000
years ago on the island of Flores, is a partial skeleton (LB1) that includes a partial clavicle …

Earlier observations of the virtual endocast of LB1, the type specimen for Homo floresiensis,
are reviewed, extended, and interpreted. Seven derived features of LB1's cerebral cortex are …

The announcement of a new species, Homo floresiensis, a primitive hominin that survived
until relatively recent times is an enormous challenge to paradigms of human evolution. Until …