The great discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has revolutionized current cell biology and
medical science. miRNAs are small conserved non-coding RNA molecules that post …

Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) is one of the most
general and adaptable single-molecule techniques. Despite the explosive growth in the …

Ever since their introduction two decades ago, single-molecule (SM) fluorescence methods
have matured and branched out to address numerous biological questions, which were …

Tumor escape from immune-mediated destruction has been associated with
immunosuppressive mechanisms that inhibit T cell activation. Although evidence for an …

Mechanical forces are central to developmental, physiological and pathological processes.
However, limited understanding of force transmission within sub-cellular structures is a …

We extend the sensitivity of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to the single
molecule level by measuring energy transfer between a single donor fluorophore and a …

Myosin V is a dimeric molecular motor that moves processively on actin, with the center of
mass moving∼ 37 nanometers for each adenosine triphosphate hydrolyzed. We have …

Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) is an essential intermediate in various DNA metabolic
processes and interacts with a large number of proteins. Due to its flexibility, the …

Although it is generally accepted that cellular differentiation requires changes to
transcriptional networks, dynamic regulation of promoters and enhancers at specific sets of …

Cell-cell and cell-matrix mechanical interactions through membrane receptors direct a wide
range of cellular functions and orchestrate the development of multicellular organisms. To …