COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review

Clin Immunol. 2020 Jun:215:108427. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108427. Epub 2020 Apr 20.

Authors

Koichi Yuki¹, Miho Fujiogi², Sophia Koutsogiannaki³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, United States of America. Electronic address: koichi.yuki@childrens.harvard.edu.
² Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, United States of America. Electronic address: miho.fujiogi@childrens.harvard.edu.
³ Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, United States of America. Electronic address: Sophia.koutsogiannaki@childrens.harvard.edu.

Abstract

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, now named as SARS-CoV-2, caused a series of acute atypical respiratory diseases in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The disease caused by this virus was termed COVID-19. The virus is transmittable between humans and has caused pandemic worldwide. The number of death tolls continues to rise and a large number of countries have been forced to do social distancing and lockdown. Lack of targeted therapy continues to be a problem. Epidemiological studies showed that elder patients were more susceptible to severe diseases, while children tend to have milder symptoms. Here we reviewed the current knowledge about this disease and considered the potential explanation of the different symptomatology between children and adults.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Age Factors
Aged
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
Animals
Betacoronavirus / immunology
Betacoronavirus / pathogenicity*
COVID-19
Child
Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology*
Coronavirus Infections / immunology
Coronavirus Infections / physiopathology*
Coronavirus Infections / virology
Cytokines / genetics
Cytokines / immunology
Disease Progression
Disease Susceptibility
Gene Expression Regulation
Host-Pathogen Interactions / genetics
Host-Pathogen Interactions / immunology
Humans
Mice
Pandemics*
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics*
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / immunology
Pneumonia, Viral / epidemiology*
Pneumonia, Viral / immunology
Pneumonia, Viral / physiopathology*
Pneumonia, Viral / virology
SARS-CoV-2
Signal Transduction
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / genetics*
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / immunology
T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
T-Lymphocyte Subsets / virology

Substances

Cytokines
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
ACE2 protein, human
Ace2 protein, mouse
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding