Fig. 3.
PAA:nanoalum promotes TH1 immunity without exogenous TLR4 agonistsl. C57Bl/6 mice (five per group) were immunized twice with 0.5 µg of ID93 alone or adjuvanted as indicated. One week after a homologous booster immunization the frequency of antigen-specific CD4 T cells in the spleen was determined by intracellular cytokine staining after stimulation with the immunizing antigen. a A representative FACS plot is shown for antigen stimulated cells from the Alhydrogel and PAA:nanoalum animal (left and right, respectively). b Distribution of CD154, IFN-ƴ and TNF producing CD4 T cells. Representative FACS gating is shown in Supplementary Fig. 3A. N = 5 animals per group. Data are representative of three experiments with similar results. Bars are drawn to the means with whiskers to the standard deviations