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WO2022152291A1 - 信号处理方法及装置 - Google Patents

信号处理方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022152291A1
WO2022152291A1 PCT/CN2022/072307 CN2022072307W WO2022152291A1 WO 2022152291 A1 WO2022152291 A1 WO 2022152291A1 CN 2022072307 W CN2022072307 W CN 2022072307W WO 2022152291 A1 WO2022152291 A1 WO 2022152291A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sub
subband
delay
group delay
relative group
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PCT/CN2022/072307
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任斌
达人
方荣一
张振宇
Original Assignee
大唐移动通信设备有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 filed Critical 大唐移动通信设备有限公司
Priority to JP2023543022A priority Critical patent/JP2024504660A/ja
Priority to US18/261,269 priority patent/US20240073852A1/en
Priority to EP22739166.1A priority patent/EP4280720A4/en
Priority to KR1020237028109A priority patent/KR20230134141A/ko
Publication of WO2022152291A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022152291A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/005—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay compensating for timing error by adjustment in the receiver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G01S5/021—Calibration, monitoring or correction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/022—Channel estimation of frequency response
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/0051—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a signal processing method and apparatus.
  • the transmission channel delay of the terminal UE and the base station will affect the time-related positioning measurement values (such as downlink reference signal time difference (DL RSTD), uplink relative time of arrival (UL RTOA), terminal (UE) side receiving and transmitting (Rx-Tx) ) time difference and the Rx-Tx time difference at the base station (gNB) side) bring a certain measurement error.
  • the relative group delay is one of the key issues that directly affects the positioning performance.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a signal processing method and apparatus, so as to realize signal compensation based on relative group delay, improve the accuracy of TOA estimation, and finally improve the UE positioning accuracy.
  • a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the method performs channel estimation processing based on the received positioning reference signal PRS to obtain a frequency domain channel response; based on the frequency domain channel response, the differential value of the relative group delay of the subband is determined; based on the subband relative group delay to compensate the locally received PRS signal or frequency domain channel response; or, report the differential value of the relative group delay of the sub-band to the transmitter, and the transmitter compensates the transmitted signal, thereby realizing the Compensation for the relative group delay in the full bandwidth improves the accuracy of TOA estimation, thereby ultimately improving the UE positioning accuracy.
  • the method when compensating the locally received PRS signal or frequency domain channel response, the method further includes:
  • the TOA measurement of the time of arrival is performed, and the TOA measurement value and the downlink reference signal time difference DL RSTD measurement value are obtained.
  • the method further includes:
  • the DL RSTD measurement is reported to the location management function LMF entity.
  • the DL RSTD measurement quantity is a DL RSTD measurement quantity after performing single-difference processing on the TOA measurement value.
  • determining the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands specifically including:
  • the total delay on the reference subband R is determined by the following formula:
  • k 2 and k 1 represent any two subcarrier indices on the reference subband R (k 1 ⁇ k 2 ), ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier spacing; H(k 1 ) represents the frequency domain channel on the k 1th subcarrier Response, H(k 2 ) represents the frequency-domain channel response on the k 2nd subcarrier; ⁇ LOS represents the transmission delay of the direct LOS path; ⁇ t represents the cumulative sum of clock deviations between the sender and receiver; ⁇ delay, sub (R) represents the relative group delay on the Rth reference subband;
  • the total delay on the Nth subband is determined by the following formula:
  • k 4 and k 3 represent any two subcarrier indices on the Nth subband (k 3 ⁇ k 4 ), H(k 3 ) represents the frequency domain channel response on the k 3th subcarrier, H(k 4 ) represents the frequency domain channel response on the k 4th subcarrier, ⁇ delay,sub (N) represents the relative group delay on the Nth subband;
  • the difference value of the relative group delay on the Nth subband is determined by the following formula:
  • the system bandwidth is divided into M sub-bands, each sub-band contains Q sub-carriers, H(k) represents the uncompensated frequency domain channel response, ⁇ f scs represents the sub-carrier spacing, N represents the index value of the subband.
  • reporting the difference value of the relative group delay of the subband to the transmitting end specifically including:
  • the difference value of the relative group delay of the subband is quantized, and a compensation index value corresponding to the difference value of the relative group delay after quantization is reported according to a preset quantization compensation table.
  • a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the transmitted signal is compensated based on the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands.
  • X(k) represents the data symbol before compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • X′(k) represents the data symbol after compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier carrier spacing
  • N represents the index value of the subband
  • M is the total number of subbands
  • Q is the number of subcarriers included in each subband
  • M*Q is the total number of subcarriers.
  • the method further includes:
  • the transmitted signal X'(k) after compensation is mapped to the k-th subcarrier for transmission.
  • a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the DL RSTD measurement amount reported by the terminal is received, and the terminal position is determined by using the known base station position information.
  • the PRS configuration information includes one or a combination of the following information:
  • a notification that the transmitted signal is compensated by the sender or receiver.
  • a signal processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the processor is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory, and executes according to the obtained program:
  • the processor when compensating the locally received PRS signal or frequency domain channel response, is further configured to:
  • the TOA measurement of the time of arrival is performed, and the TOA measurement value and the downlink reference signal time difference DL RSTD measurement value are obtained.
  • the processor is also used for:
  • the DL RSTD measurement is reported to the location management function LMF entity.
  • the DL RSTD measurement quantity is a DL RSTD measurement quantity after performing single-difference processing on the TOA measurement value.
  • determining the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands specifically including:
  • the total delay on the reference subband R is determined by the following formula:
  • k 2 and k 1 represent any two subcarrier indices on the reference subband R (k 1 ⁇ k 2 ), ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier spacing; H(k 1 ) represents the frequency domain channel on the k 1th subcarrier Response, H(k 2 ) represents the frequency domain channel response on the k 2nd subcarrier; ⁇ LOS represents the transmission delay of the direct LOS path; ⁇ t represents the cumulative sum of clock deviations between the sender and receiver; ⁇ delay, sub (R) represents the relative group delay on the Rth reference subband;
  • the total delay on the Nth subband is determined by the following formula:
  • k 4 and k 3 represent any two subcarrier indices on the Nth subband (k 3 ⁇ k 4 ), H(k 3 ) represents the frequency domain channel response on the k 3th subcarrier, H(k 4 ) represents the frequency domain channel response on the k 4th subcarrier, ⁇ delay,sub (N) represents the relative group delay on the Nth subband;
  • the difference value of the relative group delay on the Nth subband is determined by the following formula:
  • the processor uses the following formula to obtain the compensated frequency domain channel response H'(k):
  • the system bandwidth is divided into M sub-bands, each sub-band contains Q sub-carriers, H(k) represents the uncompensated frequency domain channel response, ⁇ f scs represents the sub-carrier spacing, N represents the index value of the subband.
  • reporting the difference value of the relative group delay of the subband to the transmitting end specifically including:
  • the difference value of the relative group delay of the subband is quantized, and a compensation index value corresponding to the difference value of the relative group delay after quantization is reported according to a preset quantization compensation table.
  • the processor is also used for:
  • the transmitted signal is compensated based on the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands.
  • the processor uses the following formula to compensate the frequency-domain transmission signal:
  • X(k) represents the data symbol before compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • X′(k) represents the data symbol after compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier carrier spacing
  • N represents the index value of the subband
  • M is the total number of subbands
  • Q is the number of subcarriers included in each subband
  • M*Q is the total number of subcarriers.
  • the processor is also used for:
  • the transmitted signal X'(k) after compensation is mapped to the k-th subcarrier for transmission.
  • a signal processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the processor is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory, and executes according to the obtained program:
  • the transmitted signal is compensated based on the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands.
  • the processor uses the following formula to compensate the frequency-domain transmission signal:
  • X(k) represents the data symbol before compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • X′(k) represents the data symbol after compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier carrier spacing
  • N represents the index value of the subband
  • M is the total number of subbands
  • Q is the number of subcarriers included in each subband
  • M*Q is the total number of subcarriers.
  • the processor is also used for:
  • the transmitted signal X'(k) after compensation is mapped to the k-th subcarrier for transmission.
  • a signal processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the processor is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory, and executes according to the obtained program:
  • the DL RSTD measurement amount reported by the terminal is received, and the terminal position is determined by using the known base station position information.
  • the PRS configuration information includes one or a combination of the following information:
  • a notification that the transmitted signal is compensated by the sender or receiver.
  • another signal processing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • a first unit configured to perform channel estimation processing based on the received positioning reference signal PRS to obtain a frequency domain channel response
  • a second unit configured to determine the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands based on the frequency domain channel response
  • the third unit is configured to compensate the locally received PRS signal or the frequency domain channel response based on the differential value of the relative group delay of the subband; or, report the differential value of the relative group delay of the subband to the sender end, the sending end compensates the transmitted signal.
  • another signal processing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • a receiving unit used for receiving the differential value of the relative group delay of the subband
  • a compensation unit configured to compensate the transmitted signal based on the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands.
  • another signal processing apparatus provided by this embodiment of the present application includes:
  • a sending unit configured to send the PRS configuration information to the terminal
  • a positioning unit configured to receive the DL RSTD measurement amount reported by the terminal, and determine the terminal position by using known base station location information.
  • Another embodiment of the present application provides a computing device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used for storing program instructions, and the processor is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory, according to the obtained program Perform any of the above methods.
  • Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, where the computer-executable instructions are used to cause the computer to execute any one of the foregoing methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ideal relative group delay provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a relative group delay provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a signal processing method at a receiving end provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a signal processing method of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a signal processing method on the LMF side provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal processing apparatus on a terminal side provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal processing apparatus on a base station side provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal processing apparatus at a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal processing apparatus of a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal processing apparatus on the LMF side according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) introduced a variety of measurement-based 5G positioning reference signals in the 5G Release 16 (Rel-16) New Radio (NR) standard. Methods of locating relevant measurements, such as:
  • DL-TDOA NR downlink time difference of arrival location method
  • Multi-RTT NR multi-cell round trip time positioning method
  • the common point of the various positioning methods above is to use the measurement value related to the arrival time of the positioning reference signal for positioning.
  • Downlink Time Difference Of Arrival DL-TDOA
  • Uplink Time Difference Of Arrival UL-TDOA
  • DL PRS Downlink Positioning Reference Signal
  • UL-TDOA Uplink Time Difference Of Arrival
  • Multi-cell Round Trip Time Multi-RTT
  • the UE Rx-Tx time difference and the gNB Rx-Tx time difference are used for positioning.
  • the information used for positioning is the distance between the transmitter and receiver antennas, which is derived from the signal propagation delay between the transmitter and receiver antennas.
  • these time-dependent measurements are inevitably affected by other signal propagation delays. To improve positioning accuracy, the effects of those signal propagation delays should be minimized and eliminated.
  • Tx Delay transmission time delay
  • Rx Delay reception time delay
  • an embodiment of the present application proposes a method for measuring and compensating the relative group delay of the transmit channel + the receive channel of the UE and the base station.
  • Applicable to various positioning methods DL-TDOA, UL-TDOA, and Multi-RTT, etc.
  • time-related measurements such as DL RSTD, UL RTOA, UE Rx-Tx time difference and gNB Rx-Tx time difference.
  • the radio transmit and receive transmission channels of UE and base station are limited by the band-pass characteristics of filters, amplifiers and mixers.
  • the delay of some electrical components (eg, band-pass filters) in RF circuits varies greatly with frequency within the carrier bandwidth.
  • the bandwidth covered by one carrier frequency band or carrier frequency is very large.
  • the signal components of each subcarrier in the bandwidth will experience different group delays, which are called relative group delays.
  • the relative difference in delay can be several nanoseconds (ns) or more. Since 5G supports large bandwidth and requires high-precision positioning, the impact of relative group delay on positioning measurement in 5G positioning cannot be ignored.
  • the frequency domain channel response H(k) on the kth subcarrier is:
  • ⁇ delay (k) represents the relative group delay depending on subcarrier k, specifically:
  • ⁇ delay represents the absolute group delay that depends on f c , specifically:
  • ⁇ LOS represents the transmission delay of the first path (ie LOS path);
  • ⁇ t represents the cumulative sum of the clock offsets between the base station and the UE, where the clock offset between the base station and the UE may be a positive value or a negative value;
  • ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier spacing.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an ideal relative group delay.
  • the abscissa represents the subcarrier index k
  • the ordinate represents the value of the relative group delay
  • the unit is ns
  • the Relative_group_delay represents the relative group delay.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a signal processing method and apparatus, so as to realize signal compensation based on relative group delay, improve the accuracy of TOA estimation, and finally improve the UE positioning accuracy.
  • the method and the device are conceived based on the same application. Since the principles of the method and the device for solving the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated here.
  • applicable systems may be global system of mobile communication (GSM) system, code division multiple access (CDMA) system, wideband code division multiple access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA) general packet Wireless service (general packet radio service, GPRS) system, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (time division duplex, TDD), general Mobile system (universal mobile telecommunication system, UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) system, 5G system and 5G NR system, etc.
  • GSM global system of mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • general packet Wireless service general packet Radio service
  • GPRS general packet Radio service
  • LTE long term evolution
  • LTE frequency division duplex frequency division duplex
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave
  • the terminal device involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with a wireless connection function, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem.
  • the name of the terminal device may be different.
  • the terminal device may be called user equipment (UE).
  • Wireless end devices may communicate with one or more core networks via the RAN, and the wireless end devices may be mobile end devices such as mobile phones (or "cellular" phones) and computers with mobile end devices, for example, which may be portable , pocket, handheld, computer built-in or vehicle mounted mobile devices that exchange language and/or data with the radio access network.
  • Wireless terminal equipment may also be referred to as system, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, access point , a remote terminal device (remote terminal), an access terminal device (access terminal), a user terminal device (user terminal), a user agent (user agent), and a user device (user device), which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the network device involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a base station, and the base station may include multiple cells.
  • the base station may also be called an access point, or may refer to a device in the access network that communicates with wireless terminal devices through one or more sectors on the air interface, or other names.
  • the network equipment can be used to convert received air frames to and from Internet Protocol (IP) packets, and act as a router between the wireless end equipment and the rest of the access network, which can include the Internet. Protocol (IP) communication network.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the network equipment may also coordinate the management of attributes of the air interface.
  • the network device involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a network device (base transceiver station, BTS) in a global system for mobile communications (GSM) or a code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA). ), it can also be a network device (NodeB) in wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA), or it can be an evolved network device in a long term evolution (LTE) system (evolutional node B, eNB or e-NodeB), 5G base station in 5G network architecture (next generation system), but also home evolved node B (HeNB), relay node (relay node), home base station ( femto), pico base station (pico), etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • NodeB wide-band code division multiple access
  • LTE long term evolution
  • HeNB home evolved node B
  • HeNB home evolved no
  • the receiving end measures the phase slope value of the frequency domain channel response, and obtains the differential value of the relative group delay through differential processing of different sub-bandwidths, and then based on the differential value of the relative group delay, for
  • the local received signal is used to pre-compensate the received signal at the receiving end, or the differential value of the relative group delay is reported to the transmitting end, and the transmitting end pre-compensates the transmitted signal.
  • the following takes the UE-assisted downlink positioning scheme as an example for description (at this time, the transmitting end is the base station and the receiving end is the UE). UE, the receiver is the base station).
  • Step 1 The UE receives the PRS signal configuration information notified by the LMF;
  • Step 2 The UE performs channel estimation processing based on the received PRS signal to obtain the frequency domain channel response H(k).
  • the channel estimation algorithm may be an algorithm based on inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT);
  • Step 3 The UE adopts the frequency-domain segmented correlation method or other technical solutions, and obtains the differential value of the relative group delay ⁇ delay,sub,diff ( N), where ⁇ delay,sub,diff (N) represents the difference value of the relative group delay above the Nth subband, where N represents the subband index value;
  • M N_used/Q
  • M and Q are both positive integers greater than or equal to 2.
  • the relative group delay ⁇ delay (k) (k belongs to the index set contained in a sub-band) remains basically unchanged. Therefore, the phase slope value of the frequency-domain channel response is measured and processed by differential processing of different sub-bands. Get the differential value of the relative group delay.
  • a subband is selected as the reference subband R, and the relative group delay of the reference subband R is used as the benchmark, and the relative group delay on the Nth (N ⁇ R) subband is compensated with reference to this benchmark.
  • N> 1.
  • the width of the subband can be flexibly configured by considering the LMF.
  • ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier spacing
  • ⁇ delay sub (R) represents the relative group delay on the Rth reference subband
  • R represents the index value of the reference subband
  • ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier spacing
  • ⁇ delay,sub (N) represents the relative group delay on the Nth subband
  • N represents the index value of the subband.
  • step 3 a schematic diagram of a relative group delay is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • Step 4 Based on the difference value of the relative group delay of each subband, the UE performs the received signal compensation of the receiving end for the local received signal, or the UE reports the difference value ⁇ delay,diff (N) of the relative group delay of each subband to the sender. end, the transmitting end does the pre-compensation of the transmitted signal.
  • the difference value ⁇ delay,diff (N) of the reported relative group delay can be in the absolute value method or the index mapping value method:
  • Opt 1 for the absolute value method, directly quantify the difference value ⁇ delay, diff (N) of the relative group delay and report it directly;
  • the UE can quantize the pre-compensated parameter value ⁇ delay,diff (N), and then based on the predefined or LMF broadcast quantization compensation table, the UE reports the quantization index value (index value) according to the calculation result.
  • a quantization compensation table is preset, and the table includes the correspondence between the difference value of the quantized relative group delay and the index value, so that the difference value of the quantized relative group delay can be directly reported by looking up the table.
  • the corresponding index value saves reporting overhead.
  • the UE performs the received signal compensation of the receiving end for the local received signal based on the relative group delay, and obtains the frequency domain channel response H'(k) after compensation.
  • M is the total number of subbands
  • Q is the number of subcarriers included in one subband
  • M*Q is the total number of subcarriers.
  • Step 5 The UE performs TOA measurement based on H'(k) after compensation in step 4, to obtain a more accurate TOA measurement value, and a DL RSTD measurement amount after single difference.
  • Step 6 The UE reports the DL RSTD measurement obtained in step 5 to a location management function (Location Management Function, LMF) entity.
  • LMF Location Management Function
  • Step 1 The base station receives the difference value ⁇ delay,sub,diff (N) of the relative group delay of each subband reported by the UE;
  • Step 2 Based on the difference value ⁇ delay,sub,diff (N) of the relative group delay of each subband reported by the UE, the base station pre-compensates the frequency-domain transmission signal X(k), and then pre-compensates the X′( k) is mapped to the kth subcarrier for transmission.
  • the base station pre-compensates the transmitted signal based on the difference value ⁇ delay,sub,diff (N) of the relative group delay reported by the UE.
  • X'(k) represents the k-th sub-carrier, after pre-compensation processing
  • M is the total number of sub-bands
  • Q is the number of sub-carriers contained in a sub-band
  • M*Q is the total number of sub-carriers.
  • Step 1 Send PRS configuration information to the UE.
  • the PRS configuration information includes but is not limited to: the frequency domain location of the same component carrier (CC) or different CCs, and the time-frequency domain location information of the PRS.
  • the notification is compensated by the UE side, or the base station compensates.
  • the notification may be carried in the PRS configuration information, or the notification may be sent separately, or it may be pre-agreed to compensate by the UE side or the base station, without sending the notification.
  • Step 2 The LMF receives the DL RSTD measurement reported by the UE, and uses the known base station location and other information to calculate the UE location.
  • Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 are given below by taking the UE-assisted downlink positioning scheme as an example. Among them, Embodiment 1 is a compensation scheme at the receiving end on the UE side, and Embodiment 2 is a pre-compensation scheme at the transmitting end at the base station side.
  • Step 1 The UE receives the PRS signal configuration information notified by the LMF;
  • Step 2 The UE performs channel estimation processing based on the received PRS signal to obtain the frequency domain channel response H(k), for example: performing IDFT-based window selection and noise suppression processing;
  • Step 3 The UE adopts the frequency domain segmented correlation method or other schemes, and obtains the differential value ⁇ delay,diff (N) of the relative group delay by measuring the phase slope value of the correlation value of the frequency domain channel response H(k);
  • each sub-band contains 12 sub-carriers (that is, one PRB), assuming that within each sub-band, the relative group delay basically remains unchanged ⁇ delay (k), therefore, the phase slope value of the frequency domain channel response is measured, and the differential value of the relative group delay is obtained by differential processing of different sub-bandwidths.
  • the first subband is selected as the reference subband, and the relative group delay of the reference subband is used as a reference, and all the N (N ⁇ 1)th subbands refer to this reference for compensation.
  • the reference subband position can be any subband.
  • Step 4 The UE performs pre-compensation of the received signal at the receiving end for the local received signal based on the difference value of the relative group delay of each subband.
  • the UE performs pre-compensation of the received signal at the receiving end for the local received signal based on the relative group delay, and obtains the frequency domain channel response H'(k) after compensation.
  • Step 5 The UE performs TOA-based measurement based on H'(k) after compensation in step 4, to obtain a more accurate TOA measurement value and a DL RSTD measurement amount after single difference.
  • Step 6 The UE reports the DL RSTD measurement obtained in Step 5 to the LMF.
  • Step 1 Send PRS configuration information to the UE.
  • the PRS configuration information includes but is not limited to: the frequency domain location of the same CC or different CCs, the time-frequency domain location information of the PRS, and the UE side is notified to perform phase compensation on the frequency domain channel response of the received PRS signal.
  • Step 2 The LMF receives the DL RSTD measurement reported by the UE, and uses the known base station location and other information to calculate the UE location.
  • Step 1 The UE receives the PRS signal configuration information notified by the LMF;
  • Step 2 The UE performs channel estimation processing based on the received PRS signal to obtain the frequency domain channel response H(k), for example: performing IDFT-based window selection and noise suppression processing;
  • Step 3 The UE adopts the frequency domain segmented correlation method or other schemes, and obtains the differential value ⁇ delay,diff (N) of the relative group delay by measuring the phase slope value of the correlation value of the frequency domain channel response H(k);
  • the system bandwidth is divided into 810 sub-bands, each sub-band contains 4 sub-carriers, assuming that within each sub-band, the relative group delay remains basically unchanged ⁇ delay (k), so , measure the phase slope value of the channel response in the frequency domain, and obtain the differential value of the relative group delay through differential processing of different sub-bandwidths.
  • Step 4 The UE reports the difference value ⁇ delay,sub,diff (N) of the relative group delay of each subband to the transmitting end, and the transmitting end pre-compensates the transmitted signal.
  • the difference value ⁇ delay,diff (N) of the reported relative group delay can be in the absolute value method or the index mapping value method:
  • Opt 1 for the absolute value method, directly quantify the difference value ⁇ delay, diff (N) of the relative group delay and report it directly;
  • the UE can quantize the pre-compensated parameter value ⁇ delay,diff (N), and then based on the predefined or LMF broadcast quantization compensation table, the UE reports the quantization index value (index value) according to the calculation result. ) to save reporting overhead.
  • Step 5 The UE performs TOA-based measurement based on H'(k) after compensation in step 4, and obtains a more accurate TOA measurement value and a DL RSTD measurement value after single difference.
  • Step 6 The UE reports the DL RSTD measurement obtained in Step 5 to the LMF.
  • Step 1 The base station receives the difference value ⁇ delay,diff (N) of the relative group delay of each subband reported by the UE;
  • Step 2 The base station pre-compensates the frequency-domain transmitted signal X(k) based on the difference value of the relative group delay of each subband reported by the UE, and then maps the pre-compensated X'(k) to the kth subcarrier to send.
  • the UE reports the differential value of the relative group delay of each subband to the transmitting end, and the base station pre-compensates the transmitted signal based on the differential value of the relative group delay reported by the UE.
  • Step 1 Send PRS configuration information to the UE.
  • the PRS configuration information includes but is not limited to: the frequency domain location of the same CC or different CCs, the time-frequency domain location information of the PRS, and the base station is notified to perform phase compensation on the transmitted PRS signal.
  • Step 2 The LMF receives the DL RSTD measurement reported by the UE, and uses the known base station location and other information to calculate the UE location.
  • a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the receiving end may be a terminal, and the transmitting end may be a base station; or, the receiving end may be a base station, and the transmitting end may be a terminal.
  • the method performs channel estimation processing based on the received positioning reference signal PRS to obtain a frequency domain channel response; based on the frequency domain channel response, the difference value of the relative group delay of the subband is determined; based on the subband relative group delay
  • the differential value of the subband is compensated for the locally received PRS signal or the frequency domain channel response; or, the differential value of the relative group delay of the subband is reported to the transmitter, and the transmitter compensates the transmitted signal, thereby realizing the Compensation for the relative group delay in the full bandwidth improves the accuracy of TOA estimation, thereby ultimately improving the UE positioning accuracy.
  • the method further includes:
  • the TOA measurement of the time of arrival is performed based on the compensated PRS signal, and the TOA measurement value and the downlink reference signal time difference DL RSTD measurement value are obtained.
  • the method further includes:
  • the DL RSTD measurement is reported to the location management function LMF entity.
  • the DL RSTD measurement quantity is a DL RSTD measurement quantity after performing single-difference processing on the TOA measurement value.
  • determining the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands specifically including:
  • the total delay on the reference subband R is determined by the following formula:
  • k 2 and k 1 represent any two subcarrier indices on the reference subband R (k 1 ⁇ k 2 ), ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier spacing; H(k 1 ) represents the frequency domain channel on the k 1th subcarrier Response, H(k 2 ) represents the frequency-domain channel response on the k 2nd subcarrier; ⁇ LOS represents the transmission delay of the direct LOS path; ⁇ t represents the cumulative sum of clock deviations between the sender and receiver; ⁇ delay, sub (R) represents the relative group delay on the Rth reference subband;
  • the total delay on the Nth subband is determined by the following formula:
  • k 4 and k 3 represent any two subcarrier indices on the Nth subband (k 3 ⁇ k 4 ), H(k 3 ) represents the frequency domain channel response on the k 3th subcarrier, H(k 4 ) represents the frequency domain channel response on the k 4th subcarrier, ⁇ delay,sub (N) represents the relative group delay on the Nth subband;
  • the difference value of the relative group delay on the Nth subband is determined by the following formula:
  • the system bandwidth is divided into M sub-bands, each sub-band contains Q sub-carriers, H(k) represents the uncompensated frequency domain channel response, ⁇ f scs represents the sub-carrier spacing, N represents the index value of the subband.
  • reporting the difference value of the relative group delay of the subband to the transmitting end specifically including:
  • the difference value of the relative group delay of the sub-band is quantized, and a compensation index value corresponding to the difference value of the relative group delay after quantization is reported according to a preset quantization compensation table.
  • a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the receiving end may be a terminal, and the transmitting end may be a base station; or, the receiving end may be a base station, and the transmitting end may be a terminal.
  • X(k) represents the data symbol before compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • X′(k) represents the data symbol after compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier carrier spacing
  • N represents the index value of the subband
  • M is the total number of subbands
  • Q is the number of subcarriers included in each subband
  • M*Q is the total number of subcarriers.
  • the method further includes:
  • the transmitted signal X'(k) after compensation is mapped to the k-th subcarrier for transmission.
  • a signal processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the PRS configuration information includes one or a combination of the following information:
  • a notification that the transmitted signal is compensated by the sender or receiver.
  • a signal processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • a memory 11 for storing program instructions
  • the processor 12 is configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory 11, and execute any one of the methods provided by the foregoing embodiments of the present application according to the obtained program.
  • the signal processing device provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a device at the receiving end, may also be a device at the transmitting end, or may be a device at the LMF side.
  • the processor 12 is configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory 11, and execute according to the obtained program:
  • the processor 12 when compensating the locally received PRS signal or frequency domain channel response, the processor 12 is further configured to:
  • the TOA measurement of the time of arrival is performed, and the TOA measurement value and the downlink reference signal time difference DL RSTD measurement value are obtained.
  • the processor 12 is further configured to:
  • the DL RSTD measurement is reported to the location management function LMF entity.
  • the DL RSTD measurement quantity is a DL RSTD measurement quantity after performing single-difference processing on the TOA measurement value.
  • determining the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands specifically including:
  • the total delay on the reference subband R is determined by the following formula:
  • k 2 and k 1 represent any two subcarrier indices on the reference subband R (k 1 ⁇ k 2 ), ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier spacing; H(k 1 ) represents the frequency domain channel on the k 1th subcarrier Response, H(k 2 ) represents the frequency-domain channel response on the k 2nd subcarrier; ⁇ LOS represents the transmission delay of the direct LOS path; ⁇ t represents the cumulative sum of clock deviations between the sender and receiver; ⁇ delay, sub (R) represents the relative group delay on the Rth reference subband;
  • the total delay on the Nth subband is determined by the following formula:
  • k 4 and k 3 represent any two subcarrier indices on the Nth subband (k 3 ⁇ k 4 ), H(k 3 ) represents the frequency domain channel response on the k 3th subcarrier, H(k 4 ) represents the frequency domain channel response on the k 4th subcarrier, ⁇ delay,sub (N) represents the relative group delay on the Nth subband;
  • the difference value of the relative group delay on the Nth subband is determined by the following formula:
  • the processor uses the following formula to obtain the compensated frequency domain channel response H'(k):
  • the system bandwidth is divided into M sub-bands, each sub-band contains Q sub-carriers, H(k) represents the uncompensated frequency domain channel response, ⁇ f scs represents the sub-carrier spacing, N represents the index value of the subband.
  • reporting the difference value of the relative group delay of the subband to the transmitting end specifically including:
  • the difference value of the relative group delay of the sub-band is quantized, and a compensation index value corresponding to the difference value of the relative group delay after quantization is reported according to a preset quantization compensation table.
  • the signal processing apparatus has the function of the transmitting end in addition to the function of the above receiving end, therefore:
  • the processor 12 is further configured to:
  • the transmitted signal is compensated based on the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands.
  • the processor uses the following formula to compensate the frequency-domain transmission signal:
  • X(k) represents the data symbol before compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • X′(k) represents the data symbol after compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier carrier spacing
  • N represents the index value of the subband
  • M is the total number of subbands
  • Q is the number of subcarriers included in each subband
  • M*Q is the total number of subcarriers.
  • the processor 12 is further configured to:
  • the transmitted signal X'(k) after compensation is mapped to the k-th subcarrier for transmission.
  • the processor 12 is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory 11, and executes according to the obtained program:
  • the transmitted signal is compensated based on the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands.
  • the processor uses the following formula to compensate the frequency-domain transmission signal:
  • X(k) represents the data symbol before compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • X′(k) represents the data symbol after compensation processing that needs to be transmitted on the kth subcarrier
  • ⁇ f scs is the subcarrier carrier spacing
  • N represents the index value of the subband
  • M is the total number of subbands
  • Q is the number of subcarriers included in each subband
  • M*Q is the total number of subcarriers.
  • the processor 12 is further configured to:
  • the transmitted signal X'(k) after compensation is mapped to the k-th subcarrier for transmission.
  • the processor 12 is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory 11, and executes according to the obtained program:
  • the DL RSTD measurement quantity reported by the terminal is received, and the terminal position is determined by using the known base station position information.
  • the PRS configuration information includes one or a combination of the following information:
  • a notification that the transmitted signal is compensated by the sender or receiver.
  • the signal processing apparatus may be a base station or a terminal.
  • the processor 600 When used as a terminal, referring to FIG. 7 for the signal processing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present application, the processor 600 is configured to read the program in the memory 620 and execute the signal processing method flow of the transmitting end or the receiving end provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the transceiver 610 is used for receiving and transmitting data under the control of the processor 600 .
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically one or more processors represented by processor 600 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 620 are linked together.
  • the bus architecture may also link together various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be described further herein.
  • the bus interface provides the interface.
  • Transceiver 610 may be a number of elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, that provide a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium.
  • the user interface 630 may also be an interface capable of externally connecting the required equipment, and the connected equipment includes but is not limited to a keypad, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.
  • the processor 600 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 620 may store data used by the processor 600 in performing operations.
  • the processor 600 may be a CPU (central processor), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array, a field programmable gate array) or a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) , complex programmable logic devices).
  • CPU central processor
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device
  • the processor 500 is configured to read the program in the memory 520 and execute the signal processing method flow of the transmitting end or the receiving end provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the transceiver 510 is used for receiving and transmitting data under the control of the processor 500 .
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically one or more processors represented by processor 500 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 520 are linked together.
  • the bus architecture may also link together various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be described further herein.
  • the bus interface provides the interface.
  • Transceiver 510 may be multiple elements, ie, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium.
  • the processor 500 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 520 may store data used by the processor 500 in performing operations.
  • the processor 500 can be a central processor (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or a complex programmable logic device (Complex Programmable Logic Device). , CPLD).
  • CPU central processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • CPLD complex programmable logic device
  • another signal processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the first unit 901 is configured to perform channel estimation processing based on the received positioning reference signal PRS to obtain a frequency domain channel response;
  • a second unit 902 configured to determine, based on the frequency-domain channel response, a difference value of relative group delay of subbands
  • the third unit 903 is configured to compensate the locally received PRS signal or the frequency domain channel response based on the difference value of the relative group delay of the subband; or report the difference value of the relative group delay of the subband to the At the sending end, the sending end compensates the sent signal.
  • another signal processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • a receiving unit 801 configured to receive a differential value of the relative group delay of the subband
  • the compensation unit 802 is configured to compensate the transmitted signal based on the difference value of the relative group delay of the subbands.
  • another signal processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • a positioning unit 702 configured to receive the DL RSTD measurement amount reported by the terminal, and determine the terminal position by using known base station location information.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products in essence, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computing device, and the computing device may specifically be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), and the like.
  • the computing device may include a central processing unit (Center Processing Unit, CPU), a memory, an input/output device, etc.
  • the input device may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, etc.
  • the output device may include a display device, such as a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD), Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), etc.
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • CRT Cathode Ray Tube
  • the memory which may include read only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM), provides the processor with program instructions and data stored in the memory.
  • the memory may be used to store the program of any of the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor invokes the program instructions stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to execute any one of the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application according to the obtained program instructions.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium for storing computer program instructions used by the apparatus provided by the above embodiment of the present application, including a program for executing any of the methods provided by the above embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that can be accessed by a computer, including but not limited to magnetic storage (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO), etc.), optical storage (eg, CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.), and semiconductor memory (eg, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state disk (SSD)), etc.
  • magnetic storage eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO), etc.
  • optical storage eg, CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.
  • semiconductor memory eg, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state disk (SSD)
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to terminal devices, and may also be applied to network devices.
  • the terminal equipment may also be referred to as user equipment (User Equipment, referred to as "UE"), mobile station (Mobile Station, referred to as "MS”), mobile terminal (Mobile Terminal), etc.
  • UE User Equipment
  • MS mobile Station
  • Mobile Terminal mobile terminal
  • the terminal may be Have the ability to communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (RAN), for example, the terminal may be a mobile phone (or a "cellular” phone), or a computer with a mobile nature, etc.,
  • the terminal may also be a portable, pocket-sized, hand-held, computer-built, or vehicle-mounted mobile device.
  • a network device which may be a base station (eg, an access point), refers to a device in an access network that communicates with wireless terminals over an air interface through one or more sectors.
  • the base station may be used to convert received air frames to and from IP packets, acting as a router between the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network, which may include an Internet Protocol (IP) network.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the base station may also coordinate attribute management of the air interface.
  • the base station may be a base station (BTS, Base Transceiver Station) in GSM or CDMA, a base station (NodeB) in WCDMA, or an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional Node) in LTE B), or it can also be a gNB in the 5G system, etc.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • NodeB base station
  • LTE B Long Term Evolution
  • gNB evolved base station
  • the processing flow of the above method can be implemented by a software program, and the software program can be stored in a storage medium, and when the stored software program is called, the above method steps are executed.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media having computer-usable program code embodied therein, including but not limited to disk storage, optical storage, and the like.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

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Abstract

本申请公开了信号处理方法及装置，用以实现基于相对群时延进行信号补偿，提高TOA估计的精确度，从而最终提高UE定位精度。本申请提供的信号处理方法包括：基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。

Description

信号处理方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年01月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110059901.8、申请名称为“信号处理方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及信号处理方法及装置。
背景技术
终端UE和基站的发送通道时延会对与时间相关的定位测量值(例如下行参考信号时间差(DL RSTD)，上行相对到达时间(UL RTOA)，终端(UE)侧的接收发送(Rx-Tx)时间差和基站(gNB)侧的Rx-Tx时间差)带来一定的测量误差。在无线通信的用户终端定位系统中，为了满足亚米级的定位精度，相对群时延是直接影响定位性能的关键问题之一。
当前没有可用的精度较高的相对群时延的测量和信号补偿方法。如果不对相对群时延进行处理，将会直接影响到达时间(TOA)估计的精确度，从而影响最终的UE定位精度。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了信号处理方法及装置，用以实现基于相对群时延进行信号补偿，提高TOA估计的精确度，从而最终提高UE定位精度。
在信号的接收端，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法，包括：
基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；
基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；
基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信 道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。
本方法基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿，从而实现了通过补偿全带宽内的相对群时延，提高了TOA估计的精确度，从而最终提高了UE定位精度。
可选地，当对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿时，该方法还包括：
基于补偿之后的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行到达时间TOA测量，获得TOA测量值以及下行参考信号时间差DL RSTD测量量。
可选地，该方法还包括：
将所述DL RSTD测量量上报给位置管理功能LMF实体。
可选地，所述DL RSTD测量量是对TOA测量值进行单差分处理之后的DL RSTD测量量。
可选地，基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值，具体包括：
确定参考子带R，以及参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)；
确定第N(N≠R)个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)；
利用所述参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)和所述第N个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)，确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)。
可选地，通过如下公式确定参考子带R上的总时延：
τ Total,sub(R)＝phase(H(k 2)*conj(H(k 1)))/(-2π(k 2-k 1)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(R)；
其中，k 2和k 1表示参考子带R上的任意两个子载波索引(k 1<k 2)，Δf scs为子载波间隔；H(k 1)表示第k 1个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 2)表示第k 2个子载波上的频域信道响应；τ LOS表示直射LOS径的传输时延；Δt表示发送端和接 收端之间的时钟偏差的累加和；Δτ delay,sub(R)表示第R个参考子带上的相对群时延；
通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的总时延：
τ Total,sub(N)＝phase(H(k 4)*conj(H(k 3)))/(-2π(k 4-k 3)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(N)；
其中，k 4和k 3表示第N个子带上的任意两个子载波索引(k 3<k 4)，H(k 3)表示第k 3个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 4)表示第k 4个子载波上的频域信道响应，Δτ delay,sub(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延；
通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值：
Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)＝τ Total,sub(N)-τ Total,sub(R)＝Δτ delay,sub(N)-Δτ delay,sub(R)。
可选地，当对本地接收信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿时，采用如下公式得到补偿后的频域信道响应H′(k)：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000001
其中，系统带宽分为M个子带宽，每个子带包含Q个子载波，H(k)表示未补偿的频域信道响应，Δf scs表示子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000002
N表示子带的索引值。
可选地，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，具体包括：
将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化后上报；
或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化，根据预设的量化补偿表格，上报量化后的相对群时延的差分值对应的补偿索引值。
在信号的发送端，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法，包括：
接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
可选地，采用如下公式对频域发送信号进行补偿：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000003
其中，X(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的补偿处理前的数据符号，X′(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的进行补偿处理后的数据符号，Δf scs为 子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000004
N表示子带的索引值，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值，其中，k＝1…(M*Q)，M为子带总数，Q为每一个子带包含的子载波个数，M*Q为总子载波个数。
可选地，该方法还包括：
将补偿之后的发送信号X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
在LMF侧，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法，包括：
向终端发送PRS配置信息；
接收所述终端上报的DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置信息确定所述终端位置。
可选地，所述PRS配置信息包括下列信息之一或组合：
同一个成员载波CC或者不同CC的频域位置；
PRS的时域位置信息；
PRS的频域位置信息；
由发送端或接收端对传输的信号进行补偿的通知。
在信号的接收端，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理装置，包括：
存储器，用于存储程序指令；
处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；
基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；
基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。
可选地，当对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿时，所述处理器还用于：
基于补偿之后的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行到达时间TOA测量，获得TOA测量值以及下行参考信号时间差DL RSTD测量量。
可选地，所述处理器还用于：
将所述DL RSTD测量量上报给位置管理功能LMF实体。
可选地，所述DL RSTD测量量是对TOA测量值进行单差分处理之后的DL RSTD测量量。
可选地，基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值，具体包括：
确定参考子带R，以及参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)；
确定第N(N≠R)个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)；
利用所述参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)和所述第N个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)，确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)。
可选地，通过如下公式确定参考子带R上的总时延：
τ Total,sub(R)＝phase(H(k 2)*conj(H(k 1)))/(-2π(k 2-k 1)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(R)；
其中，k 2和k 1表示参考子带R上的任意两个子载波索引(k 1<k 2)，Δf scs为子载波间隔；H(k 1)表示第k 1个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 2)表示第k 2个子载波上的频域信道响应；τ LOS表示直射LOS径的传输时延；Δt表示发送端和接收端之间的时钟偏差的累加和；Δτ delay,sub(R)表示第R个参考子带上的相对群时延；
通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的总时延：
τ Total,sub(N)＝phase(H(k 4)*conj(H(k 3)))/(-2π(k 4-k 3)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(N)；
其中，k 4和k 3表示第N个子带上的任意两个子载波索引(k 3<k 4)，H(k 3)表示第k 3个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 4)表示第k 4个子载波上的频域信道响应，Δτ delay,sub(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延；
通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值：
Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)＝τ Total,sub(N)-τ Total,sub(R)＝Δτ delay,sub(N)-Δτ delay,sub(R)。
可选地，当对本地接收信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿时，所述处理器采用如下公式得到补偿后的频域信道响应H′(k)：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000005
其中，系统带宽分为M个子带宽，每个子带包含Q个子载波，H(k)表示未补偿的频域信道响应，Δf scs表示子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000006
N表示子带的索引值。
可选地，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，具体包括：
将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化后上报；
或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化，根据预设的量化补偿表格，上报量化后的相对群时延的差分值对应的补偿索引值。
可选地，所述处理器还用于：
接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
可选地，所述处理器采用如下公式对频域发送信号进行补偿：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000007
其中，X(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的补偿处理前的数据符号，X′(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的进行补偿处理后的数据符号，Δf scs为子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000008
N表示子带的索引值，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值，其中，k＝1…(M*Q)，M为子带总数，Q为每一个子带包含的子载波数，M*Q为总子载波数。
可选地，所述处理器还用于：
将补偿之后的发送信号X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
在信号的发送端，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理装置，包括：
存储器，用于存储程序指令；
处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
可选地，所述处理器采用如下公式对频域发送信号进行补偿：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000009
其中，X(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的补偿处理前的数据符号，X′(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的进行补偿处理后的数据符号，Δf scs为子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000010
N表示子带的索引值，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值，其中，k＝1…(M*Q)，M为子带总数，Q为每一个子带包含的子载波数，M*Q为总子载波数。
可选地，所述处理器还用于：
将补偿之后的发送信号X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
在LMF侧，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理装置，包括：
存储器，用于存储程序指令；
处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
向终端发送PRS配置信息；
接收所述终端上报的DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置信息确定所述终端位置。
可选地，所述PRS配置信息包括下列信息之一或组合：
同一个成员载波CC或者不同CC的频域位置；
PRS的时域位置信息；
PRS的频域位置信息；
由发送端或接收端对传输的信号进行补偿的通知。
在信号的接收端，本申请实施例提供的另一种信号处理装置，包括：
第一单元，用于基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；
第二单元，用于基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；
第三单元，用于基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。
在信号的发送端，本申请实施例提供的另一种信号处理装置，包括：
接收单元，用于接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
补偿单元，用于基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
在LMF侧，本申请实施例提供的另一种信号处理装置，包括：
发送单元，用于向终端发送PRS配置信息；
定位单元，用于接收所述终端上报的DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置信息确定所述终端位置。
本申请另一实施例提供了一种计算设备，其包括存储器和处理器，其中，所述存储器用于存储程序指令，所述处理器用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行上述任一种方法。
本申请另一实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于使所述计算机执行上述任一种方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简要介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种理想的相对群时延的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种相对群时延的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的接收端的一种信号处理方法的流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的发送端的一种信号处理方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的LMF侧的一种信号处理方法的流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理装置的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的终端侧的一种信号处理装置的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的基站侧的一种信号处理装置的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的接收端的一种信号处理装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的发送端的一种信号处理装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的LMF侧的一种信号处理装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，并不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)在5G版本16(Rel-16)新空口(New Radio，NR)标准中引入了多种基于测量的5G定位参考信号，利用与信号到达时间有关的测量值进行定位的方法，例如：
NR下行链路到达时差定位法(DL-TDOA)；
NR上行链路到达时差定位法(UL-TDOA)；
NR多小区往返行程时间定位法(Multi-RTT)。
以上各种定位方法的共同点是利用与定位参考信号到达时间有关的测量值进行定位。例如，下行到达时间差(Downlink Time Difference Of Arrival，DL-TDOA)基于测量下行定位参考信号(Downlink Positioning Reference Signal，DL PRS)的到达时间差进行定位，上行到达时间差(Uplink Time Difference Of Arrival，UL-TDOA)基于测量上行测量参考信号(Uplink Sounding Reference Signal，UL SRS)的信号到达相对时间差进行定位，多小区往返时间(Multi-cell Round Trip Time，Multi-RTT)基于测量DL PRS信号和UL SRS信号的UE Rx-Tx时间差和gNB Rx-Tx时间差进行定位。这些与时间有关的测量值中，用于定位的信息是由发射机和接收机天线之间的信号传播时延得出的发射机天线和接收机天线的距离。但是，这些与时间有关的测量值不可避免地会受到其它信号传播延迟的影响。为了提高定位精度，应尽量减少和除去那些信 号传播延迟的影响。
从定位参考信号发射的角度来看，从定位参考信号生成的时刻到定位参考信号由发射机天线处发射的时刻之间存在一定的发送时间延迟(Tx Delay)。从定位参考信号接收的角度来看，从定位参考信号到达接收天线的时刻到定位参考信号检测的时刻也有接收时间延迟(Rx Delay)。
然而，当前没有工程可用的精度较高的相对群时延的测量和补偿方法。
为此，本申请实施例提出了一种UE和基站的发送通道+接收通道的相对群时延的测量和补偿方法。适用于基于与时间相关测量(例如DL RSTD，UL RTOA，UE Rx-Tx时间差和gNB Rx-Tx时差)来定位的各种定位方法(DL-TDOA、UL-TDOA和Multi-RTT等)。
UE和基站的无线电发送和接收传输通道受到滤波器，放大器和混频器的带通特性限制。射频电路中某些电气元件(例如：带通滤波器)的时延在载波带宽范围里随着频率的变化较大。尤其在5G NR系统中，一个载波频带或载波频率所覆盖的带宽很大。带宽中各个子载波的信号分量将分别经历不同的群时延，这种时延称为相对群时延。带宽越大，带宽中各个子载波之间的相对群时延越大。其时延的相对差异可达几个纳秒(ns)或更大。由于5G支持大带宽，且要求高精度定位，于是，5G定位中相对群时延对定位测量的影响不容忽视。
直射(line of sight，LOS)信道的信道频率响应：
针对单径LOS信道，在不考虑由于相位噪声和频率偏差引入的ICI条件下，只考虑LOS径传输时延、基站和UE的时钟偏差、基站和UE的绝对群时延和相对群时延条件下，第k个子载波上的频域信道响应H(k)是：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000011
其中，相关变量含义如下：
Δτ delay(k)表示依赖于子载波k的相对群时延，具体地：
针对下行链路，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000012
针对上行链路，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000013
τ delay表示依赖于f c的绝对群时延，具体地：
针对下行链路，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000014
针对上行链路，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000015
τ LOS表示第1条径(即LOS径)的传输时延；
Δt表示基站和UE的时钟偏差的累加和，其中，基站和UE的时钟偏差取值可能是正值也可能是负值；
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000016
表示发送端初始相位；
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000017
表示接收端解调本振的初始相位；
Δf scs为子载波间隔。
图1给出了一种理想的相对群时延的示意图。其中，横坐标表示子载波索引k，纵坐标表示相对群时延的取值，单位是ns，Relative_group_delay表示相对群时延。
但是，当前没有工程可用的精度较高的相对群时延的测量和补偿方法。如果不对相对群时延进行处理，将会直接影响TOA估计的精确度，从而影响最终的UE定位精度。因此，本申请实施例提供了信号处理方法及装置，用以实现基于相对群时延进行信号补偿，提高TOA估计的精确度，从而最终提高UE定位精度。
其中，方法和装置是基于同一申请构思的，由于方法和装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置和方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以适用于多种系统，尤其是5G系统。例如适用的系统可以是全球移动通讯(global system of mobile communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)系统、长期演进(long term evolution， LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)系统、5G系统以及5G NR系统等。这多种系统中均包括终端设备和网络设备。
本申请实施例涉及的终端设备，可以是指向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、或连接到无线调制解调器的其他处理设备。在不同的系统中，终端设备的名称可能也不相同，例如在5G系统中，终端设备可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)。无线终端设备可以经RAN与一个或多个核心网进行通信，无线终端设备可以是移动终端设备，如移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)和具有移动终端设备的计算机，例如，可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置，它们与无线接入网交换语言和/或数据。例如，个人通信业务(personal communication service，PCS)电话、无绳电话、会话发起协议(session initiated protocol，SIP)话机、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)等设备。无线终端设备也可以称为系统、订户单元(subscriber unit)、订户站(subscriber station)，移动站(mobile station)、移动台(mobile)、远程站(remote station)、接入点(access point)、远程终端设备(remote terminal)、接入终端设备(access terminal)、用户终端设备(user terminal)、用户代理(user agent)、用户装置(user device)，本申请实施例中并不限定。
本申请实施例涉及的网络设备，可以是基站，该基站可以包括多个小区。根据具体应用场合不同，基站又可以称为接入点，或者可以是指接入网中在空中接口上通过一个或多个扇区与无线终端设备通信的设备，或者其它名称。网络设备可用于将收到的空中帧与网际协议(internet protocol，IP)分组进行相互转换，作为无线终端设备与接入网的其余部分之间的路由器，其中接入网的其余部分可包括网际协议(IP)通信网络。网络设备还可协调对空中接口 的属性管理。例如，本申请实施例涉及的网络设备可以是全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)或码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)中的网络设备(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是带宽码分多址接入(wide-band code division multiple access，WCDMA)中的网络设备(NodeB)，还可以是长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统中的演进型网络设备(evolutional node B，eNB或e-NodeB)、5G网络架构(next generation system)中的5G基站，也可是家庭演进基站(home evolved node B，HeNB)、中继节点(relay node)、家庭基站(femto)、微微基站(pico)等，本申请实施例中并不限定。
下面结合说明书附图对本申请各个实施例进行详细描述。需要说明的是，本申请实施例的展示顺序仅代表实施例的先后顺序，并不代表实施例所提供的技术方案的优劣。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，接收端测量频域信道响应的相位斜率值，并且通过不同子带宽的差分处理获取相对群时延的差分值，然后基于相对群时延的差分值，针对本地接收信号做接收端的接收信号预补偿，或者把相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号做预补偿。
下面以UE辅助的下行定位方案为例进行说明(此时，发送端是基站，接收端是UE)，当然，本申请实施例提供的技术方案也适用于上行定位方案(此时，发送端是UE，接收端是基站)。
UE侧：
步骤1：UE接收LMF通知的PRS信号配置信息；
步骤2：UE基于接收到的PRS信号进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应H(k)，例如：信道估计算法可以是基于离散傅里叶逆变换(IDFT)的算法；
步骤3：UE采用频域分段相关法或者其它的技术方案，通过测量频域信道响应H(k)的相关值的相位斜率值来获取相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)，其中，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上面的相对群时延的差分值，其中，N表示子带索引值；
把系统带宽分为M个子带宽，每个子带包含Q个子载波(M＝N_used/Q,其中，N_used表示总的可用子载波数，M、Q均为大于等于2的正整数)，假设在每一段子带宽内，相对群时延Δτ delay(k)(k属于一个子带包含的索引集合)基本保持不变，因此，测量频域信道响应的相位斜率值，并且通过不同子带宽的差分处理获取相对群时延的差分值。
根据实际条件，选取一个子带作为参考子带R，以参考子带R的相对群时延为基准，第N(N≠R)个子带上的相对群时延都参考该基准来做补偿，其中，N>＝1。子带的宽度可以考虑有LMF进行灵活配置。
假设k 2和k 1表示参考子带R上面的任意两个子载波索引(k 1<k 2)，则可以计算得到参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)：
τ Total,sub(R)＝phase(H(k 2)*conj(H(k 1)))/(-2π(k 2-k 1)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(R)                 公式(2)
其中，H(k)定义参见公式(1)，Δf scs为子载波间隔，Δτ delay,sub(R)表示第R个参考子带上的相对群时延，R表示参考子带的索引值。
假设k 4和k 3表示第N(N≠R)个子带上面的任意两个子载波索引(k 3<k 4)，则可以计算得到第N个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)：
τ Total,sub(N)＝phase(H(k 4)*conj(H(k 3)))/(-2π(k 4-k 3)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(N)                    公式(3)
将公式(3)减去公式(2)，可得第N个子带上面的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)：
Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)＝τ Total,sub(N)-τ Total,sub(R)＝Δτ delay,sub(N)-Δτ delay,sub(R)                     公式(4)
其中，H(k)定义参见公式(1)，Δf scs为子载波间隔，Δτ delay,sub(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延，N表示子带的索引值。
步骤3中，一种相对群时延的示意图如图2所示。
步骤4：UE基于各子带相对群时延的差分值，针对本地接收信号做接收 端的接收信号补偿，或者UE把各子带相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,diff(N)上报给发送端，由发送端做发送信号预补偿。
其中，上报的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,diff(N)可以采用绝对值方式或者索引映射值方式：
Opt 1)、针对绝对值方式，直接把相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,diff(N)进行量化之后直接上报；
Opt 2)、针对索引映射值方式，UE可以将预补偿的参数值Δτ delay,diff(N)进行量化，然后基于预定义或者LMF广播的量化补偿表格，UE根据计算结果上报量化索引值(index)即可，即预先设置有量化补偿表格，该表格中包括量化后的相对群时延的差分值与索引值的对应关系，从而通过查表可以直接上报量化后的相对群时延的差分值所对应的索引值，节省上报开销。
UE基于相对群时延针对本地接收信号做接收端的接收信号补偿，获得补偿之后的频域信道响应H′(k)。
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000019
其中，由于Δτ delay,sub(N)＝Δτ delay(k)，在全带宽范围内的
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000022
是一个固定值，不随着子带的变化而变化，其中，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000024
表示子带的索引值。
M为子带总数，Q为1个子带包含的子载波数，M*Q即为总子载波数。
步骤5：UE基于步骤4补偿之后的H′(k)进行TOA测量，获得更加准确的TOA测量值，以及做单差分之后的DL RSTD测量量。
步骤6：UE把步骤5获得的DL RSTD测量量上报给位置管理功能 (Location Management Function，LMF)实体。
基站侧：
步骤1：基站接收UE上报的各子带相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)；
步骤2：基站基于UE上报的各子带相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)，对频域发送信号X(k)做预补偿，然后对预补偿之后的X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
基站基于UE上报的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)，对发送信号做预补偿。
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000025
其中，相关变量含义如下：
X(k)表示发送端在第k个子载波上面的没有预补偿处理的数据符号(k＝1…(M*Q))，X′(k)表示第k个子载波上面，进行预补偿处理后的数据符号，M为子带总数，Q为1个子带包含的子载波数，M*Q即为总子载波数。
LMF侧：
步骤1：向UE发送PRS配置信息。
PRS配置信息包括但不限于：同一个成员载波(CC)或者不同CC的频域位置，PRS的时频域位置信息。通知由UE侧补偿，还是基站补偿的方案。该通知可以携带在PRS配置信息中，也可以单独发送该通知，或者也可以预先约定好由UE侧补偿还是基站补偿，无需发送该通知。
步骤2：LMF接收UE上报的DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置等信息进行UE位置解算。
下面以UE辅助的下行定位方案为例给出实施例1和实施例2。其中，实施例1是UE侧的接收端补偿方案，实施例2是基站侧的发送端预补偿方案。
实施例1：
UE侧：
步骤1：UE接收LMF通知的PRS信号配置信息；
步骤2：UE基于接收到的PRS信号进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应H(k)，例如：进行基于IDFT的取窗抑噪处理；
步骤3：UE采用频域分段相关法或者其它方案，通过测量频域信道响应H(k)的相关值的相位斜率值来获取相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,diff(N)；
设总带宽中子载波数为3240，把系统带宽分为270个子带宽，每个子带包含12个子载波(即一个PRB)，假设在每一段子带宽内，相对群时延基本保持不变Δτ delay(k)，因此，测量频域信道响应的相位斜率值，并且通过不同子带宽的差分处理获取相对群时延的差分值。
这里选择第1个子带作为参考子带，以参考子带的相对群时延为基准，第N(N≠1)个子带上的都参考该基准来做补偿。注意：参考子带位置可以是任意一个子带。
假设k 2和k 1表示参考子带1上面的任意两个子载波索引(k 1<k 2)，则可以计算得到参考子带1上的总时延τ Total,sub(1)：
τ Total,sub(1)＝phase(H(k 2)*conj(H(k 1)))/(-2π(k 2-k 1)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(1)                   公式(8)
其中，H(k)定义参见公式(1)。
假设k 4和k 3表示第N(N≠1)个子带上面的任意两个子载波索引(k 3<k 4)，则可以计算得到第N个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)：
τ Total,sub(N)＝phase(H(k 4)*conj(H(k 3)))/(-2π(k 4-k 3)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(N)              公式(9)
将公式(9)减去公式(8)，可得第N个子带上面的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)。
Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)＝τ Total,sub(N)-τ Total,sub(1)＝Δτ delay,sub(N)-Δτ delay,sub(1)                   公式(10)
步骤4：UE基于各子带相对群时延的差分值针对本地接收信号做接收端的接收信号预补偿。
UE基于相对群时延针对本地接收信号做接收端的接收信号预补偿，获得补偿之后的频域信道响应H′(k)。
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000027
其中，在全带宽范围内的
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000028
是一个固定值，不随着子带的变化而变化，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000029
表示子带的索引值。
步骤5：UE基于步骤4补偿之后的H′(k)进行基于TOA测量，获得更加准确的TOA测量值以及做单差分之后的DL RSTD测量量。
步骤6：UE把步骤5获得的DL RSTD测量量上报给LMF。
LMF侧：
步骤1：向UE发送PRS配置信息。
PRS配置信息包括但不限于：同一个CC或者不同CC的频域位置，PRS的时频域位置信息，并通知由UE侧对接收的PRS信号的频域信道响应进行相位补偿。
步骤2：LMF接收UE上报的DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置等信息进行UE位置解算。
实施例2：
UE侧：
步骤1：UE接收LMF通知的PRS信号配置信息；
步骤2：UE基于接收到的PRS信号进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应H(k)，例如：进行基于IDFT的取窗抑噪处理；
步骤3：UE采用频域分段相关法或者其它方案，通过测量频域信道响应H(k)的相关值的相位斜率值来获取相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,diff(N)；
设总带宽中子载波数为3240，把系统带宽分为810个子带宽，每个子带包含4个子载波，假设在每一段子带宽内，相对群时延基本保持不变Δτ delay(k)，因此，测量频域信道响应的相位斜率值，并且通过不同子带宽的差分处理获取相对群时延的差分值。
这里选择第R＝405个子带作为参考子带，以参考子带的相对群时延为基准，第N(N≠405)个子带上的都参考该基准来做补偿。
假设k 2和k 1表示参考子带405上面的任意两个子载波索引(k 1<k 2)，则可以计算得到参考子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(405)：
τ Total,sub(405)＝phase(H(k 2)*conj(H(k 1)))/(-2π(k 2-k 1)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(405)                公式(13)
其中，H(k)定义参见公式(1)。
假设k 4和k 3表示第N(N≠405)个子带上面的任意两个子载波索引(k 3<k 4)，则可以计算得到第N个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)：
τ Total,sub(N)＝phase(H(k 4)*conj(H(k 3)))/(-2π(k 4-k 3)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(N)                   公式(14)
采用公式(14)减去公式(13)，可得第N个子带上面的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)。
Δτ delay,diff(N)＝τ Total,sub(N)-τ Total,sub(405)＝Δτ delay,sub(N)-Δτ delay,sub(405)                公式(15)
步骤4：UE把各子带相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)上报给发送端，由发送端做发送信号预补偿。
其中，上报的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,diff(N)可以采用绝对值方式或者索引映射值方式：
Opt 1)、针对绝对值方式，直接把相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,diff(N)进行量化之后直接上报；
Opt 2)、针对索引映射值方式，UE可以将预补偿的参数值Δτ delay,diff(N)进 行量化，然后基于预定义或者LMF广播的量化补偿表格，UE根据计算结果上报量化索引值(index)即可，从而节省上报开销。
步骤5：UE基于步骤4补偿之后的H′(k)进行基于TOA测量，获得更加准确的TOA测量值以及做单差分之后的DL RSTD测量值。
步骤6：UE把步骤5获得的DL RSTD测量量上报给LMF。
基站侧：
步骤1：基站接收UE上报的各子带相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,diff(N)；
步骤2：基站基于UE上报的各子带相对群时延的差分值，对频域发送信号X(k)做预补偿，然后对预补偿之后的X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
UE把各子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，基站基于UE上报的相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号做预补偿。
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000030
其中，X(k)表示发送端在第k个子载波上面的没有预补偿处理的数据符号(k＝1,…3240)，X′(k)表示进行预先补偿处理后的数据符号。
LMF侧：
步骤1：向UE发送PRS配置信息。
PRS配置信息包括但不限于：同一个CC或者不同CC的频域位置，PRS的时频域位置信息，并通知由基站对发送的PRS信号进行相位补偿。
步骤2：LMF接收UE上报的DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置等信息进行UE位置解算。
综上所述，结合附图本申请实施例提供了以下技术方案：
参见图3，在信号的接收端，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法，包括：
S101、基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；
S102、基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；
S103、基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。
其中所述的接收端可以是终端，所述的发送端可以是基站；或者，所述的接收端可以是基站，所述的发送端可以是终端。
本方法基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿，从而实现了通过补偿全带宽内的相对群时延，提高了TOA估计的精确度，从而最终提高了UE定位精度。
若接收端是终端，可选地，当对本地接收的PRS信号进行补偿时，该方法还包括：
基于补偿之后的PRS信号进行到达时间TOA测量，获得TOA测量值以及下行参考信号时间差DL RSTD测量量。
可选地，该方法还包括：
将所述DL RSTD测量量上报给位置管理功能LMF实体。
可选地，所述DL RSTD测量量是对TOA测量值进行单差分处理之后的DL RSTD测量量。
可选地，基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值，具体包括：
确定参考子带R，以及参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)；
确定第N(N≠R)个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)；
利用所述参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)和所述第N个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)，确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)。
可选地，通过如下公式确定参考子带R上的总时延：
τ Total,sub(R)＝phase(H(k 2)*conj(H(k 1)))/(-2π(k 2-k 1)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(R)；
其中，k 2和k 1表示参考子带R上的任意两个子载波索引(k 1<k 2)，Δf scs为子载波间隔；H(k 1)表示第k 1个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 2)表示第k 2个子载波上的频域信道响应；τ LOS表示直射LOS径的传输时延；Δt表示发送端和接收端之间的时钟偏差的累加和；Δτ delay,sub(R)表示第R个参考子带上的相对群时延；
通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的总时延：
τ Total,sub(N)＝phase(H(k 4)*conj(H(k 3)))/(-2π(k 4-k 3)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(N)；
其中，k 4和k 3表示第N个子带上的任意两个子载波索引(k 3<k 4)，H(k 3)表示第k 3个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 4)表示第k 4个子载波上的频域信道响应，Δτ delay,sub(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延；
通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值：
Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)＝τ Total,sub(N)-τ Total,sub(R)＝Δτ delay,sub(N)-Δτ delay,sub(R)。
可选地，当对本地接收信号进行补偿时，采用如下公式得到补偿后的频域信道响应H′(k)：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000031
其中，系统带宽分为M个子带宽，每个子带包含Q个子载波，H(k)表示未补偿的频域信道响应，Δf scs表示子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000032
N表示子带的索引值。
可选地，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，具体包括：
将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化后上报；
或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化，根据预设的量化补偿表格，上报量化后的相对群时延的差分值对应的补偿索引值。
相应地，参见图4，在信号的发送端，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法，包括：
S201、接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
S202、基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
其中所述的接收端可以是终端，所述的发送端可以是基站；或者，所述的接收端可以是基站，所述的发送端可以是终端。
可选地，采用如下公式对频域发送信号进行补偿：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000033
其中，X(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的补偿处理前的数据符号，X′(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的进行补偿处理后的数据符号，Δf scs为子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000034
N表示子带的索引值，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值，其中，k＝1…(M*Q)，M为子带总数，Q为每一个子带包含的子载波数，M*Q为总子载波个数。
可选地，该方法还包括：
将补偿之后的发送信号X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
相应地，参见图5，在LMF侧，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理方法，包括：
S301、向终端发送PRS配置信息；
S302、接收所述终端上报的DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置信息确定所述终端位置。
可选地，所述PRS配置信息包括下列信息之一或组合：
同一个成员载波CC或者不同CC的频域位置；
PRS的时域位置信息；
PRS的频域位置信息；
由发送端或接收端对传输的信号进行补偿的通知。
参见图6，本申请实施例提供的一种信号处理装置，包括：
存储器11，用于存储程序指令；
处理器12，用于调用所述存储器11中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行上述本申请实施例提供的任一所述的方法。
本申请实施例提供的信号处理装置，可以是接收端的装置，也可以是发 送端的装置，还可以是LMF侧装置。
具体地，在信号的接收端：
处理器12用于调用所述存储器11中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；
基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；
基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。
可选地，当对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿时，所述处理器12还用于：
基于补偿之后的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行到达时间TOA测量，获得TOA测量值以及下行参考信号时间差DL RSTD测量量。
可选地，所述处理器12还用于：
将所述DL RSTD测量量上报给位置管理功能LMF实体。
可选地，所述DL RSTD测量量是对TOA测量值进行单差分处理之后的DL RSTD测量量。
可选地，基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值，具体包括：
确定参考子带R，以及参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)；
确定第N(N≠R)个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)；
利用所述参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)和所述第N个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)，确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)。
可选地，通过如下公式确定参考子带R上的总时延：
τ Total,sub(R)＝phase(H(k 2)*conj(H(k 1)))/(-2π(k 2-k 1)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(R)；
其中，k 2和k 1表示参考子带R上的任意两个子载波索引(k 1<k 2)，Δf scs为子载波间隔；H(k 1)表示第k 1个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 2)表示第k 2个 子载波上的频域信道响应；τ LOS表示直射LOS径的传输时延；Δt表示发送端和接收端之间的时钟偏差的累加和；Δτ delay,sub(R)表示第R个参考子带上的相对群时延；
通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的总时延：
τ Total,sub(N)＝phase(H(k 4)*conj(H(k 3)))/(-2π(k 4-k 3)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(N)；
其中，k 4和k 3表示第N个子带上的任意两个子载波索引(k 3<k 4)，H(k 3)表示第k 3个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 4)表示第k 4个子载波上的频域信道响应，Δτ delay,sub(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延；
通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值：
Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)＝τ Total,sub(N)-τ Total,sub(R)＝Δτ delay,sub(N)-Δτ delay,sub(R)。
可选地，当对本地接收信号进行补偿时，所述处理器采用如下公式得到补偿后的频域信道响应H′(k)：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000035
其中，系统带宽分为M个子带宽，每个子带包含Q个子载波，H(k)表示未补偿的频域信道响应，Δf scs表示子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000036
N表示子带的索引值。
可选地，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，具体包括：
将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化后上报；
或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化，根据预设的量化补偿表格，上报量化后的相对群时延的差分值对应的补偿索引值。
本申请实施例提供的信号处理装置在具有上述接收端的功能之外，还具有发送端的功能，因此：
可选地，所述处理器12还用于：
接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
可选地，所述处理器采用如下公式对频域发送信号进行补偿：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000037
其中，X(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的补偿处理前的数据符号，X′(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的进行补偿处理后的数据符号，Δf scs为子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000038
N表示子带的索引值，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值，其中，k＝1…(M*Q)，M为子带总数，Q为每一个子带包含的子载波数，M*Q为总子载波数。
可选地，所述处理器12还用于：
将补偿之后的发送信号X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
在信号的发送端：
处理器12，用于调用所述存储器11中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
可选地，所述处理器采用如下公式对频域发送信号进行补偿：
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000039
其中，X(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的补偿处理前的数据符号，X′(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的进行补偿处理后的数据符号，Δf scs为子载波间隔，
Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-000040
N表示子带的索引值，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值，其中，k＝1…(M*Q)，M为子带总数，Q为每一个子带包含的子载波数，M*Q为总子载波数。
可选地，所述处理器12还用于：
将补偿之后的发送信号X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
在LMF侧：
处理器12，用于调用所述存储器11中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
向终端发送PRS配置信息；
接收所述终端上报的DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置信息确定所述终端位置。
可选地，所述PRS配置信息包括下列信息之一或组合：
同一个成员载波CC或者不同CC的频域位置；
PRS的时域位置信息；
PRS的频域位置信息；
由发送端或接收端对传输的信号进行补偿的通知。
本申请实施例提供的信号处理装置，无论作为接收端的装置，还是作为发送端的装置，都可以是基站，也可以是终端。
当作为终端时，本申请实施例提供的信号处理装置参见图7，处理器600，用于读取存储器620中的程序，执行本申请实施例提供的发送端或接收端的信号处理方法流程。
收发机610，用于在处理器600的控制下接收和发送数据。
其中，在图7中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器600代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器620代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机610可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和接收机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。针对不同的用户设备，用户接口630还可以是能够外接内接需要设备的接口，连接的设备包括但不限于小键盘、显示器、扬声器、麦克风、操纵杆等。
处理器600负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器620可以存储处理器600在执行操作时所使用的数据。
可选的，处理器600可以是CPU(中央处埋器)、ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，专用集成电路)、FPGA(Field－Programmable Gate Array，现场可编程门阵列)或CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device，复杂可编程逻辑器件)。
当作为基站时，本申请实施例提供的信号处理装置参见图8，处理器500，用于读取存储器520中的程序，执行本申请实施例提供的发送端或接收端的信号处理方法流程。
收发机510，用于在处理器500的控制下接收和发送数据。
其中，在图8中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器500代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器520代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机510可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和接收机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器500负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器520可以存储处理器500在执行操作时所使用的数据。
处理器500可以是中央处埋器(CPU)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field－Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或复杂可编程逻辑器件(Complex Programmable Logic Device，CPLD)。
在信号的接收端，参见图9，本申请实施例提供的另一种信号处理装置，包括：
第一单元901，用于基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；
第二单元902，用于基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；
第三单元903，用于基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。
在信号的发送端，参见图10，本申请实施例提供的另一种信号处理装置，包括：
接收单元801，用于接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
补偿单元802，用于基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
在LMF侧，参见图11，本申请实施例提供的另一种信号处理装置，包括：
发送单元701，用于向终端发送PRS配置信息；
定位单元702，用于接收所述终端上报的DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置信息确定所述终端位置。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算设备，该计算设备具体可以为桌面计算机、便携式计算机、智能手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)等。该计算设备可以包括中央处理器(Center Processing Unit，CPU)、存储器、输入/输出设备等，输入设备可以包括键盘、鼠标、触摸屏等，输出设备可以包括显示设备，如液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)、阴极射线管(Cathode Ray Tube，CRT)等。
存储器可以包括只读存储器(ROM)和随机存取存储器(RAM)，并向 处理器提供存储器中存储的程序指令和数据。在本申请实施例中，存储器可以用于存储本申请实施例提供的任一所述方法的程序。
处理器通过调用存储器存储的程序指令，处理器用于按照获得的程序指令执行本申请实施例提供的任一所述方法。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，用于储存为上述本申请实施例提供的装置所用的计算机程序指令，其包含用于执行上述本申请实施例提供的任一方法的程序。
所述计算机存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或数据存储设备，包括但不限于磁性存储器(例如软盘、硬盘、磁带、磁光盘(MO)等)、光学存储器(例如CD、DVD、BD、HVD等)、以及半导体存储器(例如ROM、EPROM、EEPROM、非易失性存储器(NAND FLASH)、固态硬盘(SSD))等。
本申请实施例提供的方法可以应用于终端设备，也可以应用于网络设备。
其中，终端设备也可称之为用户设备(User Equipment，简称为“UE”)、移动台(Mobile Station，简称为“MS”)、移动终端(Mobile Terminal)等，可选的，该终端可以具备经无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)与一个或多个核心网进行通信的能力，例如，终端可以是移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)、或具有移动性质的计算机等，例如，终端还可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置。
网络设备可以为基站(例如，接入点)，指接入网中在空中接口上通过一个或多个扇区与无线终端通信的设备。基站可用于将收到的空中帧与IP分组进行相互转换，作为无线终端与接入网的其余部分之间的路由器，其中接入网的其余部分可包括网际协议(IP)网络。基站还可协调对空中接口的属性管理。例如，基站可以是GSM或CDMA中的基站(BTS，Base Transceiver Station)，也可以是WCDMA中的基站(NodeB)，还可以是LTE中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，或者也可以是5G系统中的gNB等。本申请实施例中不做限定。
上述方法处理流程可以用软件程序实现，该软件程序可以存储在存储介质中，当存储的软件程序被调用时，执行上述方法步骤。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (33)

  1. 一种信号处理方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；
    基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；
    基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿时，该方法还包括：
    基于补偿之后的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行到达时间TOA测量，获得TOA测量值以及下行参考信号时间差DL RSTD测量量。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：
    将所述DL RSTD测量量上报给位置管理功能LMF实体。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述DL RSTD测量量是对TOA测量值进行单差分处理之后的DL RSTD测量量。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值，具体包括：
    确定参考子带R，以及参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)；
    确定第N(N≠R)个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)；
    利用所述参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)和所述第N个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)，确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，通过如下公式确定参考子带R上的总时延：
    τ Total,sub(R)＝phase(H(k 2)*conj(H(k 1)))/(-2π(k 2-k 1)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(R)；
    其中，k 2和k 1表示参考子带R上的任意两个子载波索引(k 1<k 2)，Δf scs为子载波间隔；H(k 1)表示第k 1个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 2)表示第k 2个 子载波上的频域信道响应；τ LOS表示直射LOS径的传输时延；Δt表示发送端和接收端之间的时钟偏差的累加和；Δτ delay,sub(R)表示第R个参考子带上的相对群时延；
    通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的总时延：
    τ Total,sub(N)＝phase(H(k 4)*conj(H(k 3)))/(-2π(k 4-k 3)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(N)；
    其中，k 4和k 3表示第N个子带上的任意两个子载波索引(k 3<k 4)，H(k 3)表示第k 3个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 4)表示第k 4个子载波上的频域信道响应，Δτ delay,sub(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延；
    通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值：
    Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)＝τ Total,sub(N)-τ Total,sub(R)＝Δτ delay,sub(N)-Δτ delay,sub(R)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，当对本地接收信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿时，采用如下公式得到补偿后的频域信道响应H′(k)：
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100001
    其中，系统带宽分为M个子带宽，每个子带包含Q个子载波，H(k)表示未补偿的频域信道响应，Δf scs表示子载波间隔，
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100002
    N表示子带的索引值。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，具体包括：
    将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化后上报；
    或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化，根据预设的量化补偿表格，上报量化后的相对群时延的差分值对应的补偿索引值。
  9. 一种信号处理方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
    基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，采用如下公式对频域发送信号进行补偿：
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100003
    其中，X(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的补偿处理前的数据符号，X′(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的进行补偿处理后的数据符号，Δf scs为子载波间隔，
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100004
    N表示子带的索引值，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值，其中，k＝1…(M*Q)，M为子带总数，Q为每一个子带包含的子载波数，M*Q为总子载波数。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：
    将补偿之后的发送信号X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
  12. 一种信号处理方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    向终端发送定位参考信号PRS配置信息；
    接收所述终端上报的下行参考信号时间差DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置信息确定所述终端位置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PRS配置信息包括下列信息之一或组合：
    同一个成员载波CC或者不同CC的频域位置；
    PRS的时域位置信息；
    PRS的频域位置信息；
    由发送端或接收端对传输的信号进行补偿的通知。
  14. 一种信号处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储程序指令；
    处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
    基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；
    基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；
    基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，当对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿时，所述处理器还用于：
    基于补偿之后的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行到达时间TOA测量，获得TOA测量值以及下行参考信号时间差DL RSTD测量量。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    将所述DL RSTD测量量上报给位置管理功能LMF实体。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述DL RSTD测量量是对TOA测量值进行单差分处理之后的DL RSTD测量量。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值，具体包括：
    确定参考子带R，以及参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)；
    确定第N(N≠R)个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)；
    利用所述参考子带R上的总时延τ Total,sub(R)和所述第N个子带上的总时延τ Total,sub(N)，确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，通过如下公式确定参考子带R上的总时延：
    τ Total,sub(R)＝phase(H(k 2)*conj(H(k 1)))/(-2π(k 2-k 1)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(R)；
    其中，k 2和k 1表示参考子带R上的任意两个子载波索引(k 1<k 2)，Δf scs为子载波间隔；H(k 1)表示第k 1个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 2)表示第k 2个子载波上的频域信道响应；τ LOS表示直射LOS径的传输时延；Δt表示发送端和接收端之间的时钟偏差的累加和；Δτ delay,sub(R)表示第R个参考子带上的相对群时延；
    通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的总时延：
    τ Total,sub(N)＝phase(H(k 4)*conj(H(k 3)))/(-2π(k 4-k 3)Δf scs)＝τ LOS+Δt+Δτ delay,sub(N)；
    其中，k 4和k 3表示第N个子带上的任意两个子载波索引(k 3<k 4)，H(k 3)表示第k 3个子载波上的频域信道响应，H(k 4)表示第k 4个子载波上的频域信道响应，Δτ delay,sub(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延；
    通过如下公式确定第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值：
    Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)＝τ Total,sub(N)-τ Total,sub(R)＝Δτ delay,sub(N)-Δτ delay,sub(R)。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，当对本地接收信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿时，所述处理器采用如下公式得到补偿后的频域信道响应H′(k)：
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100005
    其中，系统带宽分为M个子带宽，每个子带包含Q个子载波，H(k)表示未补偿的频域信道响应，Δf scs表示子载波间隔，
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100006
    N表示子带的索引值。
  21. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，具体包括：
    将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化后上报；
    或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值进行量化，根据预设的量化补偿表格，上报量化后的相对群时延的差分值对应的补偿索引值。
  22. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
    基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器采用如下公式对频域发送信号进行补偿：
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100007
    其中，X(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的补偿处理前的数据符号，X′(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的进行补偿处理后的数据符号，Δf scs为子载波间隔，
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100008
    N表示子带的索引值，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值，其中，k＝1…(M*Q)，M为子带总数，Q为每一个子带包含的子载波个数，M*Q为总子载波个数。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    将补偿之后的发送信号X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
  25. 一种信号处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储程序指令；
    处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
    接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
    基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器采用如下公式对频域发送信号进行补偿：
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100009
    其中，X(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的补偿处理前的数据符号，X′(k)表示需要在第k个子载波上传输的进行补偿处理后的数据符号，Δf scs为子载波间隔，
    Figure PCTCN2022072307-appb-100010
    N表示子带的索引值，Δτ delay,sub,diff(N)表示第N个子带上的相对群时延的差分值，其中，k＝1…(M*Q)，M为子带总数，Q为每一个子带包含的子载波数，M*Q为总子载波数。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    将补偿之后的发送信号X′(k)映射到第k个子载波上进行发送。
  28. 一种信号处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储程序指令；
    处理器，用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，按照获得的程序执行：
    向终端发送定位参考信号PRS配置信息；
    接收所述终端上报的下行参考信号时间差DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置信息确定所述终端位置。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述PRS配置信息包括下列信息之一或组合：
    同一个成员载波CC或者不同CC的频域位置；
    PRS的时域位置信息；
    PRS的频域位置信息；
    由发送端或接收端对传输的信号进行补偿的通知。
  30. 一种信号处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    第一单元，用于基于接收到的定位参考信号PRS进行信道估计处理，得到频域信道响应；
    第二单元，用于基于所述频域信道响应，确定子带的相对群时延的差分值；
    第三单元，用于基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对本地接收的PRS信号或者频域信道响应进行补偿；或者，将所述子带相对群时延的差分值上报给发送端，由发送端对发送信号进行补偿。
  31. 一种信号处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收子带相对群时延的差分值；
    补偿单元，用于基于所述子带相对群时延的差分值，对发送信号进行补偿。
  32. 一种信号处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    发送单元，用于向终端发送定位参考信号PRS配置信息；
    定位单元，用于接收所述终端上报的下行参考信号时间差DL RSTD测量量，并且利用已知的基站位置信息确定所述终端位置。
  33. 一种计算机存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于使所述计算机执行权利要求1至13任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2022/072307 2021-01-18 2022-01-17 信号处理方法及装置 WO2022152291A1 (zh)

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