WO2022024808A1 - 樹脂組成物、成形品およびメッキ付成形品の製造方法 - Google Patents
樹脂組成物、成形品およびメッキ付成形品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022024808A1 WO2022024808A1 PCT/JP2021/026765 JP2021026765W WO2022024808A1 WO 2022024808 A1 WO2022024808 A1 WO 2022024808A1 JP 2021026765 W JP2021026765 W JP 2021026765W WO 2022024808 A1 WO2022024808 A1 WO 2022024808A1
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- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H05K1/0373—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement containing additives, e.g. fillers
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- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/105—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern by conversion of non-conductive material on or in the support into conductive material, e.g. by using an energy beam
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- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/18—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
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- H05K1/0366—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement reinforced, e.g. by fibres, fabrics
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- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/24—Reinforcing the conductive pattern
- H05K3/241—Reinforcing the conductive pattern characterised by the electroplating method; means therefor, e.g. baths or apparatus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a resin composition, a molded product and a plated molded product.
- the present invention relates to a resin composition or the like that can use a laser direct structuring (hereinafter, may be referred to as “LDS”) technique that can directly form a plating on the surface of a molded product.
- LDS laser direct structuring
- LDS technology is attracting attention as one of the technologies for forming such a three-dimensional antenna.
- the LDS technology is, for example, a technology for forming a plating layer by irradiating the surface of a molded product (resin molded product) containing an LDS additive with a laser to activate it and applying a metal to the activated portion.
- the feature of this technology is that a metal structure such as an antenna can be manufactured directly on the surface of a resin molded product without using an adhesive or the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a resin composition for LDS that achieves a high relative permittivity and a low dielectric loss tangent.
- the present inventor conducted a study and found that if a predetermined LDS additive having a high relative permittivity is blended, the relative permittivity can be increased while maintaining the dielectric loss tangent low.
- the thermoplastic resin may be decomposed and the mechanical strength may be lowered.
- the present invention aims to solve such a problem, and is a resin composition having a high relative permittivity and excellent mechanical strength while maintaining a low dielectric loss tangent, as well as a molded product and a molded product. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a plated molded product.
- the laser containing 0.3 to 10 parts by mass of an acid-modified polymer, 5 to 150 parts by mass of a laser direct structuring additive, and 10 to 150 parts by mass of a reinforcing fiber with respect to 100 parts by mass of a thermoplastic resin.
- the direct structuring additive is a conductive oxide having a resistance of 5 ⁇ 10 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, and contains a metal of group n (n is an integer of 3 to 16) and a metal of group n + 1 in the periodic table.
- thermoplastic resin contains at least one of a polycarbonate resin, a polyphenylene ether resin, a polyester resin, and a polyamide resin.
- thermoplastic resin contains a polycarbonate resin.
- polycarbonate resin contains a structural unit represented by the formula (1).
- R 1 and R 2 are independently hydrogen atoms or methyl groups, and W 1 represents a single bond or a divalent group.
- ⁇ 5> The resin composition according to ⁇ 4>, wherein 10 to 100 mol% of all the constituent units excluding the terminal group of the polycarbonate resin is the constituent unit represented by the formula (1).
- ⁇ 6> The resin composition according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the thermoplastic resin contains a polybutylene terephthalate resin.
- ⁇ 7> The resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6>, wherein the acid-modified polymer contains an acid-modified olefin polymer.
- ⁇ 8> The resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 7>, wherein the reinforcing fiber has a relative permittivity of less than 25 when measured at a frequency of 900 MHz.
- the reinforcing fiber contains at least one selected from glass fiber and wallastnite.
- the content of the laser direct structuring additive in the resin composition is more than 30% by mass.
- the content of the laser direct structuring additive in the resin composition is 20% by mass or more.
- the molded product formed from the resin composition has a relative permittivity of 4.0 or more and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.020 or less at at least one frequency in the range of 1 to 10 GHz, ⁇ 1.
- ⁇ 13> The resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 12>, further comprising a flame retardant.
- ⁇ 14> The resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 13>, further comprising an elastomer.
- ⁇ 15> Any of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 14>, wherein the content of the ceramic filler (excluding those corresponding to the laser direct structuring additive) in the resin composition is 0 parts by mass or more and less than 10 parts by mass.
- the laser direct structuring additive is a conductive oxide having a resistivity of 5 ⁇ 10 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, and is a compound containing a group n metal and a group n + 1 metal in the periodic table.
- ⁇ 20> A molded product formed from the resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 19>.
- ⁇ 21> The molded product according to ⁇ 20>, which has plating on the surface of the molded product.
- ⁇ 22> The molded product according to ⁇ 21>, wherein the plating retains the performance as an antenna.
- ⁇ 23> The molded product according to any one of ⁇ 20> to ⁇ 22>, which is a portable electronic device component.
- ⁇ 24> The surface of the molded product formed from the resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 19> is irradiated with a laser, and then a metal is applied to form a plating. Manufacturing method of plated molded products.
- the present embodiment will be described in detail.
- the following embodiments are examples for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
- "-" is used in the meaning which includes the numerical values described before and after it as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.
- various physical property values and characteristic values shall be at 23 ° C. unless otherwise specified. If the standard shown in this specification differs depending on the year, such as the measurement method, it shall be based on the standard as of July 28, 2020, unless otherwise specified.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment has 0.3 to 10 parts by mass of an acid-modified polymer, 5 to 150 parts by mass of a laser direct structuring (LDS) additive, and 10 to 10 parts by mass of a reinforcing fiber with respect to 100 parts by mass of a thermoplastic resin.
- the laser direct structuring additive contains 150 parts by mass and is a conductive oxide having a resistance of 5 ⁇ 10 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, and is a group n (n is an integer of 3 to 16) in the periodic table. It is characterized by being at least one selected from a compound containing a metal and a metal of Group n + 1, and calcium copper titanate.
- a resin composition having a high relative permittivity and excellent mechanical strength can be obtained while maintaining a low dielectric loss tangent.
- the reason for this is presumed to be as follows. That is, it is presumed that the LDS additive used in the present embodiment is useful for increasing the relative permittivity of the resin composition without increasing the dielectric loss tangent, but causes decomposition of the thermoplastic resin. Was done. Therefore, it was speculated that the decomposition of the thermoplastic resin could be suppressed and the decrease in mechanical strength could be suppressed by blending the acid-modified polymer.
- the LDS additive used in the present embodiment tends to reduce the mechanical strength of the resin composition particularly when highly filled, but in the present embodiment, the LDS additive is added by blending an acid-modified polymer. It was presumed that the decomposition of the thermoplastic resin could be effectively suppressed even if the resin was highly filled.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment will be described.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment contains a thermoplastic resin.
- the thermoplastic resin used in the present embodiment include polycarbonate resin, polyphenylene ether resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, polyolefin resin (preferably polypropylene resin and polyethylene resin) and acrylic resin, and polycarbonate resin, polyphenylene ether resin, and the like. It is more preferable to contain at least one of a polyester resin and a polyamide resin.
- a preferable example of the thermoplastic resin in the present embodiment is that it contains a polycarbonate resin, and 90% by mass or more (preferably 95% by mass or more) of the resin composition is a polycarbonate resin.
- thermoplastic resin in the present embodiment contains a polyphenylene ether resin, and 90% by mass or more (preferably 95% by mass or more) of the resin composition is a polyphenylene ether resin.
- thermoplastic resin in the present embodiment is to contain a polyester resin (preferably polybutylene terephthalate resin), and 90% by mass or more (preferably 95% by mass or more) of the resin composition is polyester. It is a resin (preferably a polybutylene terephthalate resin).
- thermoplastic resin in the present embodiment is to contain a polyamide resin (preferably, a xylylene diamine-based polyamide resin described later), and 90% by mass or more (preferably 95% by mass) of the resin composition.
- thermoplastic resin preferably a xylylene diamine-based polyamide resin described later.
- thermoplastic resin in the present embodiment is to contain a polycarbonate resin and a polyester resin (preferably polybutylene terephthalate resin), and 90% by mass or more (preferably 95% by mass or more) of the resin composition.
- a polycarbonate resin and a polyester resin preferably polybutylene terephthalate resin.
- the blend ratio of the polycarbonate resin and the polyester resin is preferably 1 to 99:99 to 1, more preferably 1 to 30:99 to 70, and 5 to 20: It is more preferably 95 to 80.
- the polycarbonate resin is not particularly limited, and any of aromatic polycarbonate, aliphatic polycarbonate, and aromatic-aliphatic polycarbonate can be used. Of these, aromatic polycarbonate is preferable, and a thermoplastic aromatic polycarbonate polymer or copolymer obtained by reacting an aromatic dihydroxy compound with a phosgene or carbonic acid diester is more preferable.
- an oligomer or the like can be used.
- the method for producing the polycarbonate resin is not particularly limited, and the present embodiment includes a polycarbonate resin produced by any method such as a phosgene method (interfacial polymerization method) and a melting method (transesterification method). Can be used. Further, in the present embodiment, a polycarbonate resin manufactured through a step of adjusting the amount of OH groups of the terminal group after undergoing a manufacturing step of a general melting method may be used.
- the polycarbonate resin used in the present embodiment may be not only a polycarbonate resin as a virgin raw material but also a polycarbonate resin recycled from a used product, that is, a so-called material recycled polycarbonate resin.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present embodiment may be a polycarbonate resin containing a structural unit represented by the formula (1).
- the dielectric loss tangent can be made lower.
- R 1 and R 2 are independently hydrogen atoms or methyl groups, and W 1 represents a single bond or a divalent group.
- R 1 and R 2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, respectively.
- R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen atoms
- the weather resistance of the molded product of the present embodiment tends to be further improved.
- R 1 and R 2 are methyl groups
- the heat resistance and moisture resistance and heat stability of the molded product of the present embodiment tend to be further improved. Therefore, R 1 and R 2 may be appropriately selected according to the requirements, but are more preferably hydrogen atoms.
- W 1 represents a single bond or a divalent group.
- the divalent group include an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a divalent organic group, and a group composed of a combination thereof, and a divalent organic group is preferable.
- the divalent organic group is not particularly limited as long as it is conventionally known and can be appropriately selected and used. Examples thereof include organic groups represented by the following formulas (2a) to (2h). Equation (2a) is preferred.
- R 3 and R 4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, among which the hydrogen atoms have 1 to 24 carbon atoms. It is preferably a monovalent hydrocarbon group of 1 to 24.
- the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms includes an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. , An arylalkyl group having 7 to 24 carbon atoms and the like, and an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms is preferable.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms include a linear group, a branched alkyl group, an alkyl group having a partially cyclic structure, and the like, and among them, a linear alkyl group is preferable.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, an n-hexyl group, an n-heptyl group, an n-octyl group and the like. However, it is preferably a methyl group.
- Examples of the alkenyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms include a linear alkenyl group, a branched alkenyl group, and an alkenyl group having a partially cyclic structure, and among them, a linear alkenyl group is preferable.
- Examples of the linear alkenyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms include a vinyl group, an n-propenyl group, an n-butenyl group, an n-pentenyl group, an n-hexenyl group, an n-heptenyl group and an n-octenyl group. Etc., but a vinyl group is preferable.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms include an aryl group which may have a substituent such as an alkyl group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a methylphenyl group, a dimethylphenyl group and a trimethylphenyl group.
- Examples of the arylalkyl group having 7 to 24 carbon atoms include a benzyl group.
- alkoxy group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms examples include a linear, branched, and partially cyclic alkoxy group, and a linear alkoxy group is preferable.
- linear alkoxy group examples include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group and the like.
- X 1 represents an oxygen atom or NR a .
- Ra is synonymous with R 3 and R 4 described above.
- X 2 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group and a decylene group.
- Undecylene group, dodecynylene group and the like, and each of them may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a phenyl group and the like.
- X 2 may have a crosslinked structure.
- the formula (2c) is preferably represented by the formula (2i).
- R 11 independently represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
- the details of the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and the alkoxy group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms are the same as those of R3 in the formula (2a).
- q is an integer of 0 to 3, preferably 0. * Is the binding site for other groups.
- X3 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- the alkylene group may be a linear group, a branched chain, or may have a cyclic structure, and examples thereof include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, and a butylene group.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 500, it is preferably 5 to 300, and more preferably 10 to 100.
- the structural unit represented by the formula (1) the structural unit represented by the following formulas (3) and (4) is more preferable, and the structural unit represented by the formula (3) is further preferable. By including these structural units, the effect of the present invention is more effectively exhibited.
- the polycarbonate resin contains the structural unit represented by the formula (1)
- all the structural units other than the terminal group may be composed of the structural unit represented by the formula (1), or the structural unit represented by the formula (1) may be used.
- any of the copolymerized polycarbonate resin containing a structural unit other than the structural unit represented by the formula (1) are exemplified as the structural units other than the structural units represented by the formula (1).
- W 2 has the same meaning as W 1 described above, and the preferred range is also the same.
- the formula (2a) is preferable.
- the polycarbonate resin used in the present embodiment contains a structural unit represented by the formula (1) and another structural unit (for example, a structural unit represented by the formula (5)), the polycarbonate resin contained in the resin composition. It is preferable that 10 to 100 mol% of all the structural units (excluding the terminal group) is the structural unit represented by the formula (1), and 10 to 30 mol% is the structural unit represented by the formula (1). It is more preferable to have.
- the total structural unit means all the structural units contained in the two or more types of polycarbonate resin.
- the molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin that can be used in this embodiment is a viscosity average molecular weight (Nv) converted from the solution viscosity measured at a temperature of 25 ° C. using methylene chloride as a solvent, preferably 10,000 or more, more preferably. Is over 15,000.
- the viscosity average molecular weight is preferably 32,000 or less, more preferably 28,000 or less.
- the ultimate viscosity [ ⁇ ] is a value calculated by the following formula by measuring the specific viscosity [ ⁇ sp ] at each solution concentration [C] (g / dL).
- Polyphenylene ether resin a known polyphenylene ether resin can be used.
- a polymer having a structural unit represented by the following formula in the main chain preferably, the structural unit represented by the following formula excludes a terminal group.
- Polymers occupying 90 mol% or more of all constituent units are exemplified.
- the polyphenylene ether resin may be either a homopolymer or a copolymer.
- the two Ras are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a primary or secondary alkyl group, an aryl group, an aminoalkyl group, an alkyl halide group, an oxyhydrocarbon group, or a halide.
- the two R bs independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a primary or secondary alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkyl halide group, an oxyhydrocarbon group, or a hydrocarbon carbide. Represents a hydrocarbon oxy group, but neither of the two Ras can be a hydrogen atom.
- R a and R b a hydrogen atom, a primary or secondary alkyl group, and an aryl group are preferable, respectively.
- the primary alkyl group are methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, n-butyl group, n-amyl group, isoamyl group, 2-methylbutyl group, 2,3-dimethylbutyl group, 2 -, 3- Or 4-methylpentyl group or heptyl group can be mentioned.
- Preferable examples of the secondary alkyl group include, for example, an isopropyl group, a sec-butyl group or a 1-ethylpropyl group.
- Ra is preferably a primary or secondary alkyl group or phenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R b is preferably a hydrogen atom.
- Suitable homopolymers of the polyphenylene ether resin include, for example, poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether, poly (2,6-diethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), and poly (2, 6-Dipropyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly (2-ethyl-6-methyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly (2-methyl-6-propyl-1,4-phenylene ether), etc. 2 , 6-Dialkylphenylene ether polymers.
- copolymer examples include 2,6-dimethylphenol / 2,3,6-trimethylphenol copolymer, 2,6-dimethylphenol / 2,3,6-triethylphenol copolymer, and 2,6-diethylphenol.
- 2,6-Dialkylphenol / 2,3,6-trialkylphenol such as / 2,3,6-trimethylphenol copolymer, 2,6-dipropylphenol / 2,3,6-trimethylphenol copolymer, etc.
- Polymer graft copolymer obtained by graft-polymerizing styrene on poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), styrene on 2,6-dimethylphenol / 2,3,6-trimethylphenol copolymer
- examples thereof include a graft copolymer obtained by graft-polymerizing the above.
- polyphenylene ether resin in the present embodiment poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and 2,6-dimethylphenol / 2,3,6-trimethylphenol random copolymer are particularly preferable. Further, a polyphenylene ether resin having a specified number of terminal groups and a copper content as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-344065 can also be preferably used.
- the polyphenylene ether resin preferably has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.2 to 0.8 dL / g at 30 ° C. measured in chloroform, and more preferably 0.3 to 0.6 dL / g.
- the intrinsic viscosity is 0.2 dL / g or more, the mechanical strength of the resin composition tends to be further improved, and when it is 0.8 dL / g or less, the fluidity is further improved and the molding process is performed. It tends to be easier.
- two or more kinds of polyphenylene ether resins having different intrinsic viscosities may be used in combination to set the range of the intrinsic viscosity.
- the method for producing the polyphenylene ether resin used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and for example, a monomer such as 2,6-dimethylphenol is oxidatively polymerized in the presence of an amine copper catalyst according to a known method.
- a method can be adopted, in which the intrinsic viscosity can be controlled to a desired range by selecting the reaction conditions. Control of intrinsic viscosity can be achieved by selecting conditions such as polymerization temperature, polymerization time, and amount of catalyst.
- polyester resin known thermoplastic polyester resins can be used, and polyethylene terephthalate resin and polybutylene terephthalate resin are preferable, and at least polybutylene terephthalate resin is more preferable.
- polyethylene terephthalate resins and polybutylene terephthalate resins are produced on a large scale by the reaction of terephthalic acid and / or its esters with ethylene glycol and / or 1,4-butanediol and distributed on the market. ing. In this embodiment, these resins available on the market can be used.
- copolymerization component other than the terephthalic acid component, the ethylene glycol component and / or the 1,4-butanediol component
- the copolymerization component is preferable in this embodiment.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the polyethylene terephthalate resin is usually 0.4 to 1.0 dL / g, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 1.0 dL / g.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the polybutylene terephthalate resin is usually 0.5 to 1.5 dL / g, and particularly preferably 0.6 to 1.3 dL / g. When it is at least the above lower limit value, it becomes easy to obtain a resin composition having excellent mechanical strength.
- the intrinsic viscosity of each polyester resin is a measured value at 30 ° C. in a phenol / tetrachloroethane (mass ratio 1/1) mixed solvent.
- the amount of terminal carboxyl groups in the polyester resin is usually 60 eq / ton or less, preferably 50 eq / ton or less, and preferably 30 eq / ton or less.
- the lower limit of the amount of terminal carboxyl groups is not particularly determined, but is usually 10 eq / ton in consideration of the productivity of polyester resin production.
- the amount of terminal carboxyl groups in the polyester resin can be determined by dissolving 0.5 g of the resin in 25 mL of benzyl alcohol and titrating with a 0.01 mol / L benzyl alcohol solution of sodium hydroxide.
- the polybutylene terephthalate resin may be a polybutylene terephthalate resin modified by copolymerization, and specific preferred copolymers thereof are polyester ethers copolymerized with polyalkylene glycols, particularly polytetramethylene glycol. Examples thereof include a resin, a dimer acid copolymer polybutylene terephthalate resin, and an isophthalic acid copolymer polybutylene terephthalate resin. In addition, these copolymers have a copolymerization amount of 1 mol% or more and less than 50 mol% in all segments of a polybutylene terephthalate resin.
- the copolymerization amount is preferably 2 to 50 mol%, more preferably 3 to 40 mol%, and particularly preferably 5 to 20 mol%.
- the copolymerization amount is preferably 2 to 50 mol%, more preferably 3 to 40 mol%, and particularly preferably 5 to 20 mol%.
- polyester resin in addition to the above, the description in paragraphs 0013 to 0016 of JP-A-2010-174223 can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- the polyamide resin is a polymer having an acid amide as a constituent unit obtained by ring-opening polymerization of lactam, polycondensation of aminocarboxylic acid, and polycondensation of diamine and dibasic acid.
- Examples thereof include terephthalamide, polybis (4-aminocyclohexyl) methadodecamide, polybis (3-methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) methadodecamide, polyundecamethylene hexahydroterephthalamide and the like.
- the above-mentioned "I” indicates an isophthalic acid component
- "T” indicates a terephthalic acid component.
- the polyamide resin the description in paragraphs 0011 to 0013 of JP-A-2011-132550 can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- the polyamide resin used in the present embodiment is composed of a diamine-derived structural unit and a dicarboxylic acid-derived structural unit, and a xylylenediamine-based polyamide resin in which 50 mol% or more of the diamine-derived structural unit is derived from xylylenediamine is preferable. ..
- the diamine-derived constituent unit of the xylylenediamine-based polyamide resin is more preferably 70 mol% or more, further preferably 80 mol% or more, still more preferably 90 mol% or more, still more preferably 95 mol% or more. Derived from at least one of amines and para-xylylenediamines.
- the constituent unit derived from the dicarboxylic acid of the xylylene diamine-based polyamide resin is preferably 50 mol% or more, more preferably 70 mol% or more, still more preferably 80 mol% or more, still more preferably 90 mol% or more, still more preferably. More than 95 mol% is derived from ⁇ , ⁇ -linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
- ⁇ ⁇ -linear aliphatic dibasic acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms
- adipic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, dodecanedioic acid, ecodioic acid and the like can be preferably used, and adipic acid and sebacic acid are more preferable. ..
- Examples of diamines other than metaxylylenediamine and paraxamethylenediamine that can be used as the raw material diamine component of the xylylenediamine-based polyamide resin include tetramethylenediamine, pentamethylenediamine, 2-methylpentanediamine, hexamethylenediamine, and heptamethylene.
- An aliphatic diamine such as diamine, octamethylenediamine, nonamethylenediamine, decamethylenediamine, dodecamethylenediamine, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylenediamine, 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 1,3- Bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,4-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,3-diaminocyclohexane, 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane, 2,2-bis (4-amino) Aromatic rings such as alicyclic diamines such as cyclohexamethylene) propane, bis (aminomethyl) decalin, bis (aminomethyl) tricyclodecane, bis (4-aminophenyl) ether, paraphenylenediamine, and bis (aminomethyl) naphthalene. Examples thereof include di
- dicarboxylic acid component other than the ⁇ , ⁇ -linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms examples include phthalic acid compounds such as isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and orthophthalic acid, 1,2-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and 1,3.
- naphthalenedicarboxylic acids such as dicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid can be exemplified, and one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds can be used.
- the content of the thermoplastic resin in the resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably 25% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and further preferably 35% by mass or more. By setting the value to the lower limit or more, the mechanical strength of the molded product tends to be improved.
- the content of the thermoplastic resin in the resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably 65% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less, and further preferably 55% by mass or less. By setting the value to the upper limit or less, the relative permittivity tends to increase.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one type of each thermoplastic resin, or may contain two or more types. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable that the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment contains 0.3 to 10 parts by mass of the acid-modified polymer with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin.
- the acid-modified polymer By including the acid-modified polymer, it is possible to effectively prevent the LDS additive from decomposing the thermoplastic resin.
- the polymer constituting the acid-modified polymer an olefin polymer and a styrene polymer are preferable, an olefin polymer is more preferable, and polyethylene is more preferable.
- the olefin polymer homopolymers or copolymers of ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene and propylene, and copolymers of ⁇ -olefins and other monomers are preferable.
- the copolymer of the ⁇ -olefin and other monomers ethylene-based rubber such as ethylene-propylene rubber and ethylene butene rubber is preferable.
- the acid used for acid modification of the acid-modified polymer may be an acid or an acid anhydride, but an acid anhydride is preferable.
- the acid used for acid modification of the acid-modified polymer is preferably an organic acid and its acid anhydrides, more preferably carboxylic acids and anhydrous carboxylic acids, further preferably maleic acid and maleic anhydride, and maleic anhydride. Acids are more preferred. That is, the acid-modified polymer used in the present embodiment is preferably a maleic anhydride-modified olefin polymer.
- the acid value of the acid-modified polymer in the present embodiment is more than 0 mgKOH / g, preferably 0.5 mgKOH / g or more, more preferably 2 mgKOH / g or more, and 5 mgKOH / g or more. More preferably, it is more preferably 10 mgKOH / g or more, and depending on the application, it may be 15 mgKOH / g or more.
- the upper limit of the acid value of the acid-modified polymer is preferably 100 mgKOH / g or less, more preferably 90 mgKOH / g or less, further preferably 80 mgKOH / g or less, and depending on the application. , 70 mgKOH / g or less, 60 mgKOH / g or less, 50 mgKOH / g or less, 40 mgKOH / g or less, 35 mgKOH / g or less.
- the acid value is the acid value of the mixture.
- the content of the acid-modified polymer in the resin composition of the present embodiment is 0.3 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.8 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. More preferably, it is more than one part. By setting the value to the lower limit or higher, the decomposition of the thermoplastic resin tends to be effectively suppressed.
- the content of the acid-modified polymer in the resin composition of the present embodiment is 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 8 parts by mass or less, and 6 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. It is more preferably 4 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 3 parts by mass or less.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one kind of acid-modified polymer, or may contain two or more kinds of acid-modified polymers. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable that the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment contains 5 to 150 parts by mass of the laser direct structuring additive with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. By including the LDS additive, it becomes possible to form a plating on the surface of the obtained molded product.
- the LDS additive used in this embodiment is a conductive oxide having a resistance of 5 ⁇ 10 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, and is a metal of group n (n is an integer of 3 to 16) in the periodic table and group n + 1.
- the resistivity of the conductive oxide is more preferably 8 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, further preferably 7 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, and even more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, and further may be 1 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more.
- the resistivity of the conductive oxide in the present embodiment usually refers to the powder resistivity, and 10 g of fine powder of the conductive oxide is charged into a cylinder having an inner diameter of 25 mm having a Teflon (registered trademark) processed inner surface. Then, the pressure is applied to 100 kgf / cm 2 (filling rate 20%), and the measurement can be performed with a "3223 type" tester manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Corporation.
- the conductive oxide used in this embodiment is a compound containing a metal of group n (n is an integer of 3 to 16) and a metal of group n + 1 in the periodic table, and n is more preferably an integer of 10 or more, more preferably 12 or more. Is more preferable, an integer of 15 or less is more preferable, an integer of 14 or less is more preferable, and an integer of 13 or less is further preferable. For n, 12 or 13 is more preferable, and 12 is even more preferable.
- Specific examples of the LDS additive used in the present embodiment include a compound in which the metal of group n in the periodic table is zinc, the metal of group n + 1 of the periodic table is aluminum, and the metal of group n in the periodic table is tin.
- Examples thereof include compounds in which the metal of Group n + 1 of the Periodic Table is antimony, and compounds in which the metal of Group n of the Periodic Table is zinc and the metal of Group n + 1 of the Periodic Table is aluminum are more preferable.
- a compound in which the metal of Group n of the periodic table is zinc and the metal of Group n + 1 of the Periodic Table is aluminum is less likely to inhibit the action of the flame retardant when the flame retardant is blended, and effectively improves the flame retardancy. Can be made to.
- the LDS additive used in this embodiment has a total of 100 mol% of the metal content of group n (n is an integer of 3 to 16) and the metal content of group n + 1 in the periodic table in the LDS additive.
- the content of one of the metals is preferably 15 mol% or less, more preferably 12 mol% or less, and further preferably 10 mol% or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but 0.0001 mol% or more is preferable. By setting the content of two or more kinds of metals in such a range, the plating property can be improved.
- a group n metal oxide doped with a group n + 1 metal is particularly preferable.
- 98% by mass or more of the metal component contained in the LDS additive is composed of the content of the group n metal and the metal of group n + 1 in the above periodic table. preferable.
- Group n metals in the periodic table include, for example, Group 3 (scandium, ittrium), Group 4 (titanium, zirconium, etc.), Group 5 (vanadium, niobium, etc.), Group 6 (chromium, molybdenum, etc.), Group 7 (group 7).
- Group 8 iron, ruthenium, etc.
- Group 9 cobalt, rhodium, iridium, etc.
- Group 10 nickel, palladium, platinum
- Group 11 copper, silver, gold, etc.
- Group 12 zinc, etc.
- Group 13 aluminum, gallium, indium, etc.
- Group 14 germanium, tin, etc.
- Group 15 arsenic, antimony, etc.
- Group 16 selenium, etc.
- Group 12 (zinc), Group 13 (aluminum, gallium, indium, etc.) and Group 14 are more preferable, and zinc is even more preferable.
- Group n + 1 metals in the periodic table include, for example, Group 4 (titanium, zirconium, etc.), Group 5 (vanadium, niobium, etc.), Group 6 (chromium, molybdenum, etc.), Group 7 (manganese, etc.), Group 8 (iron, etc.).
- Group 9 cobalt, rhodium, iridium, etc.
- Group 10 nickel, palladium, platinum
- Group 11 copper, silver, gold, etc.
- Group 12 zinc, cadmium, etc.
- Group 13 aluminum, etc.
- Group 14 germanium, tin, etc.
- Group 15 arsenic, antimony, etc.
- Group 16 selenium, etc.
- the LDS additive used in this embodiment may contain a trace amount of a metal of Group n and a metal other than the metal of Group n + 1.
- trace metals include antimony, titanium, indium, iron, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, silver, bismuth, arsenic, manganese, chromium, magnesium, calcium and the like. These metals may exist as oxides.
- the content of these trace amounts of metal is preferably 0.01% by mass or less with respect to the LDS additive.
- the content of the LDS additive in the resin composition of the present embodiment is 5 parts by mass, preferably 10 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 20 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. It is more preferably 30 parts by mass or more, further preferably 50 parts by mass or more, further preferably 60 parts by mass or more, and depending on the application, 70 parts by mass or more and 80 parts by mass or more. There may be. By setting the value to the lower limit or more, the relative permittivity of the resin composition tends to be further improved.
- the upper limit of the content of the LDS additive is 150 parts by mass or less, preferably 145 parts by mass or less, more preferably 140 parts by mass or less, and 130 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. It is more preferably parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 125 parts by mass or less. By setting the value to the upper limit or less, the mechanical strength of the molded product tends to be further improved.
- the content of the LDS additive in the resin composition is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 25% by mass or more, and more than 30% by mass. Is even more preferable.
- the content of the LDS additive in the resin composition is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 45% by mass or less.
- the mechanical strength of the molded product tends to be further improved.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one type of LDS additive, or may contain two or more types of LDS additive. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable that the total amount is within the above range.
- the mass ratio of the LDS additive and the acid-modified polymer is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 14 or more, and more preferably 25 or more. There may be.
- the mass ratio of the LDS additive to the acid-modified polymer is preferably 200 or less, more preferably 150 or less, still more preferably 100 or less, and 80. It is more preferably 45 or less, and may be 45 or less.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment contains 10 to 150 parts by mass of reinforcing fibers with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. By including the reinforcing fiber, the mechanical strength of the obtained molded product can be increased.
- the reinforcing fiber used in this embodiment preferably has a relative permittivity of less than 25 when measured at a frequency of 900 MHz. Reinforcing fibers having a high relative permittivity tend to have a high dielectric loss tangent, and therefore reinforcing fibers having a low relative permittivity are preferable.
- the relative permittivity of the reinforcing fiber is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 15 or less, further preferably 10 or less, and even more preferably 8 or less.
- the lower limit of the relative permittivity is ideally 0, but it may be 1 or more, further 2 or more, or 3 or more.
- the glass fiber described later usually has the above-mentioned relative permittivity of 3 to 8.
- the reinforcing fiber in the present embodiment is not particularly specified, and is used for reinforcing the thermoplastic resin, and the fiber can be widely used.
- the reinforcing fibers used in the present embodiment preferably have a number average fiber length (cut length) of 0.5 to 10 mm, and more preferably 1 to 5 mm. By using such a reinforcing fiber having a number average fiber length, the mechanical strength can be further improved. Reinforcing fibers having a number average fiber length (cut length) of 0.5 to 10 mm are exemplified as those sold as chopped strands.
- the number average fiber length is obtained by randomly extracting the reinforcing fibers to be measured for the fiber length from the image obtained by observation with an optical microscope, measuring the long side thereof, and calculating the number average fiber length from the obtained measured values. calculate.
- the observation magnification is 20 times, and the number of measurements is 1,000 or more. It roughly corresponds to the cut length.
- the cross section of the reinforcing fiber may have any shape such as a circle, an ellipse, an oval, a rectangle, a shape in which both short sides of a rectangle are combined with a semicircle, and an eyebrows shape.
- the lower limit of the number average fiber diameter of the reinforcing fibers is preferably 4.0 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 4.5 ⁇ m or more, and further preferably 5.0 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit of the number average fiber diameter of the reinforcing fibers is preferably 15.0 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 12.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the number average fiber diameter of the reinforcing fibers is obtained by randomly extracting the reinforcing fibers to be measured for the fiber diameter from the image obtained by observation with an electron microscope and measuring the fiber diameter near the center. Calculated from the measured values.
- the observation magnification is 1,000 times, and the number of measurements is 1,000 or more.
- the number average fiber diameter of the glass fiber having a cross section other than the circular shape shall be the number average fiber diameter when converted into a circle having the same area as the area of the cross section.
- the material thereof is not particularly specified, and organic fiber and inorganic fiber can be widely used, and inorganic fiber is preferable.
- the reinforcing fiber preferably contains at least one selected from glass fiber and wallastnite, and more preferably contains glass fiber.
- the glass fiber preferably used in this embodiment will be described.
- a fiber obtained by melt-spinning E glass, C glass, A glass, S glass, D glass, R glass, M glass, etc., which are generally supplied, is used, but it can be made into glass fiber. If there is, it can be used, and there is no particular limitation.
- the glass fiber used in this embodiment is surfaced with a surface treatment agent such as a silane coupling agent such as ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane. It is preferably treated.
- the amount of the surface treatment agent adhered is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass of the glass fiber.
- a fatty acid amide compound, a lubricant such as silicone oil, an antistatic agent such as a quaternary ammonium salt, a resin having a film-forming ability such as an epoxy resin and a urethane resin, and a resin having a film-forming ability and heat It is also possible to use a surface-treated mixture of a stabilizer, a flame retardant and the like.
- the glass fiber used in this embodiment may be focused with a sizing agent.
- the sizing agent in this case, an epoxy-based sizing agent or a urethane-based sizing agent is preferable.
- Glass fiber is available as a commercial product.
- Examples of commercially available products include Nippon Electric Glass, T-187, T-286H, T-756H, T-289H, Owens Corning, DEFT2A, PPG, HP3540, Nitto Boseki, CSG3PA820, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the content of the reinforcing fiber (preferably glass fiber) in the resin composition of the present embodiment is 10 parts by mass or more, preferably 12 parts by mass or more, and 15 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass. Is more preferable. By setting the value to the lower limit or more, the mechanical strength of the obtained molded product tends to be further improved.
- the content of the reinforcing fiber (preferably glass fiber) in the resin composition of the present embodiment is 150 parts by mass or less, preferably 130 parts by mass or less, and 120 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass. It is more preferably 100 parts by mass or less, further preferably 80 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 70 parts by mass or less.
- the content of the reinforcing fiber (preferably glass fiber) in the resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or less, and more preferably 25% by mass or less. Is even more preferable. Further, in the resin composition of the present embodiment, the difference between the content of the LDS additive and the content of the reinforcing fiber (preferably glass fiber) (the content of the LDS additive-the content of the reinforcing fiber (unit: mass%).
- the mass ratio of the LDS additive and the reinforcing fiber (preferably glass fiber) is preferably more than 0. It is more preferably 1 or more, and further preferably more than 1.
- the mechanical strength of the molded product can be further improved while further improving the relative permittivity.
- the mass ratio is preferably 5 or less, and more preferably 4 or less.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one type of reinforcing fiber, or may contain two or more types of reinforcing fibers. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable that the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain other components as long as the gist of the present invention is not deviated.
- Other ingredients include ceramic fillers, stabilizers, antioxidants, mold release agents, elastomers, flame retardants, antistatic agents, nucleating agents, hydrolysis resistance improving agents, matting agents, UV absorbers, plasticizers, etc. Examples thereof include dispersants, antistatic agents, anticoloring agents, antigelling agents, and coloring agents.
- the total amount of these components is preferably 20% by mass or less of the resin composition. As each of these components, only one kind may be used, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment is adjusted so that the total of the thermoplastic resin, the acid-modified polymer, the LDS additive and the reinforcing fiber, and other components blended as necessary is 100% by mass.
- the total amount of the thermoplastic resin, the acid-modified polymer, the LDS additive and the reinforcing fiber preferably occupies 95% by mass or more, and preferably 98% by mass or more. More preferred.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may or may not contain a ceramic filler (excluding those corresponding to LDS additives). By blending a ceramic filler other than the LDS additive, the relative permittivity of the resin composition can be finely adjusted. On the other hand, by not containing the ceramic filler other than the LDS additive, it becomes possible to keep the mechanical strength of the molded product higher.
- the ceramic filler used in this embodiment include titanium oxide and barium titanate strontium, and titanium oxide is preferable.
- the content of the ceramic filler in the resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably 0 parts by mass or more and less than 10 parts by mass, and more preferably 0 parts by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one type of ceramic filler, or may contain two or more types of ceramic filler. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable that the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain a stabilizer. It is preferable to add a stabilizer because it has an effect of improving thermal stability and preventing deterioration of mechanical strength, transparency and hue.
- a stabilizer a phosphorus-based stabilizer, a sulfur-based stabilizer and a phenol-based stabilizer are preferable, a phosphorus-based stabilizer is more preferable, and a phosphate compound is more preferable.
- the description in paragraphs 0070 to 0079 of JP-A-2020-0840337 can be referred to, and the content thereof is incorporated in the present specification.
- the content of the stabilizer in the resin composition of the present embodiment is usually 0.001 part by mass or more, preferably 0.01 part by mass or more, and more preferably 0.1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin.
- the above is more preferably 1 part by mass or less, and more preferably 0.8 part by mass or less.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one kind of stabilizer, or may contain two or more kinds of stabilizers. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable that the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain an antioxidant.
- an antioxidant a phenolic antioxidant is preferable, and a hindered phenolic antioxidant is more preferable.
- the antioxidant the antioxidants described in paragraphs 0117 to 0119 of JP-A-2019-182994 can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- the content of the antioxidant in the resin composition of the present embodiment is usually 0.001 part by mass or more, preferably 0.005 part by mass or more, and more preferably 0.01 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. It is usually 1 part by mass or less, preferably 0.5 part by mass or less, and more preferably 0.4 part by mass or less.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one kind of antioxidant, or may contain two or more kinds of antioxidants. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable that the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain a mold release agent.
- the release agent include an aliphatic carboxylic acid, an ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid and an alcohol, an aliphatic hydrocarbon compound having a number average molecular weight of 200 to 15,000, and a polysiloxane-based silicone oil.
- polyolefin oxide waxes eg, polyethylene oxide wax.
- the ester compounds described in paragraphs 0094 to 0098 of JP-A-2019-183017 and paragraphs 0029 to 0073 of International Publication No. 2019/078162 can be adopted, and the contents thereof are described in the present specification. Incorporated into the book.
- the content of the release agent in the resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, and preferably 2% by mass in the resin composition. % Or less, more preferably 1% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.8% by mass or less.
- a molded product having excellent transparency can be obtained regardless of the content of the release agent, but the hardness and heat resistance tend to be further improved by setting the content to the upper limit of the above range or less.
- the release agent may contain only one kind, or may contain two or more kinds. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable that the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain an elastomer.
- the elastomer By including the elastomer, the impact strength of the obtained molded product can be improved.
- the elastomer used in this embodiment includes a styrene-butadiene triblock copolymer called methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer (MBS resin), SBS, and SEBS, and a hydrogenated product thereof, SPS, and SEPS.
- Styrene-isoprene-based triblock copolymer and its hydrogenated product called TPO Styrene-isoprene-based triblock copolymer and its hydrogenated product called TPO
- olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer called TPO
- polyester-based elastomer polyester-based elastomer
- siloxane-based rubber acrylate-based rubber
- epoxy-containing elastomer etc.
- Styrene-butadiene triblock copolymer and its hydrogenated product, styrene-isoprene triblock copolymer and its hydrogenated product, olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, polyester-based elastomer, siloxane-based rubber, and acrylate-based Rubber is preferred.
- Examples of the elastomer include the elastomers described in paragraphs 0075 to 0088 of JP2012-251061, the elastomers described in paragraphs 0101 to 0107 of JP2012-177047, and paragraph 0076 of JP2016-98242.
- -Elastomers described in 0087, elastomers described in paragraphs 0080 to 0087 of JP-A-2019-11514, and the like can be used, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- the content of the elastomer is preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 2 parts by mass or more, preferably 20 parts by mass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or less, and 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin.
- the resin composition used in this embodiment may contain only one type of elastomer, or may contain two or more types of elastomer. When two or more types are included, the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain a flame retardant.
- a flame retardant By including a flame retardant, flame retardancy can be imparted to the obtained molded product.
- the flame retardant include a halogen-based flame retardant, an organic metal salt-based flame retardant, a phosphorus-based flame retardant, a silicone-based flame retardant, and an antimony-based flame retardant.
- a polyamide resin and / or a polyester resin is used as the thermoplastic resin, it is preferable to add a halogen-based flame retardant or a phosphorus-based flame retardant.
- a phosphorus-based flame retardant or an organic metal salt-based flame retardant is preferable, a phosphorus-based flame retardant is more preferable, and a phosphoric acid ester compound is further preferable.
- a flame retardant aid may be used in combination.
- the description in paragraphs 809 to 0117 of JP-A-2019-11514 can be referred to, and the contents thereof are incorporated in the present specification.
- the content of the flame retardant is preferably 0.01 part by mass to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass, further preferably 5 to 50 parts by mass, and 6 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. Parts are particularly preferable, and 7 to 40 parts by mass are more preferable.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment may contain only one kind of flame retardant, or may contain two or more kinds of flame retardants. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable that the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition used in this embodiment may contain a drip inhibitor.
- a drip inhibitor polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is preferable, and it has a fibril-forming ability, is easily dispersed in a resin composition, and exhibits a tendency to bond resins to each other to form a fibrous material. Yes, it contributes to the improvement of flame retardancy.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- a conductive oxide containing aluminum and zinc is used as the LDS additive, flame retardancy tends to be effectively imparted.
- polytetrafluoroethylene examples include, for example, the trade name "Teflon (registered trademark) 6J” or “Teflon (registered trademark) 30J” marketed by Mitsui Dupont Fluorochemical, and the product marketed by Daikin Chemical Industry. Examples thereof include the name “Polyflon” or the product name “Furuon” marketed by Asahi Glass.
- the content of the dripping inhibitor is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. When the amount of the dripping inhibitor is 0.1 parts by mass or more, the flame retardancy is further improved, and when the amount is 20 parts by mass or less, the appearance tends to be improved.
- the content ratio of the dripping inhibitor is more preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by mass, still more preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin.
- the resin composition used in the present embodiment may contain only one type of anti-dripping agent, or may contain two or more types. When two or more types are included, the total amount is within the above range.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment preferably has a high impact strength. It can be said that the higher the impact strength, the higher the mechanical strength of the molded product. Specifically, it is preferable that the ISO multipurpose test piece (thickness of 3 mm) is measured at 23 ° C. and the Charpy impact strength without notch based on the ISO-179 standard is 19 kJ / m 2 or more. The upper limit of the notchless Charpy impact strength is not particularly determined, but is practically 100 kJ / m 2 or less.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment also has an ISO multipurpose test piece (thickness of 3 mm) measured at 23 ° C.
- notched Charpy impact strength 3 kJ / m 2 or more based on the ISO-179 standard. It is preferably 5 kJ / m 2 or more, and more preferably 5 kJ / m 2.
- the upper limit of the notched Charpy impact strength is not particularly determined, but is practically 50 kJ / m 2 or less.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment preferably has a high deflection temperature under load.
- the deflection temperature under load (unit: ° C.) at a load of 1.80 MPa according to ISO75-1 and ISO75-2 when molded into a multipurpose test piece Type A (thickness 4 mm) is 100 ° C. or higher. It is preferably 115 ° C. or higher, more preferably 124 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the deflection temperature under load is not particularly determined, but is practically 160 ° C. or lower.
- the resin composition of the present embodiment preferably has a high relative permittivity and a low dielectric loss tangent.
- the molded product formed from the resin composition has a relative permittivity of 4.0 or more at at least one frequency in the range of 1 to 10 GHz, 4.3.
- the above is more preferable, 4.6 or more is further preferable, 4.9 or more is further preferable, 5.0 or more is further preferable, and 5.5 or more is preferable. Even more preferably, it may be 6.0 or more.
- the upper limit of the relative permittivity is, for example, 10.0 or less, preferably 9.0 or less, more preferably 8.5 or less, still more preferably 8.0 or less.
- the molded article formed from the resin composition preferably has a dielectric loss tangent of 0.020 or less at at least one frequency in the range of 1 to 10 GHz, preferably 0.015.
- the lower limit of the dielectric loss tangent is, for example, 0.001 or more, and preferably 0.005 or more.
- the relative permittivity and the dielectric loss tangent are preferably filled with at least one frequency in the range of 1 to 10 GHz, and are filled with at least one frequency of 1 GHz, 2.45 GHz, 5.8 GHz and 10 GHz. Is more preferable, and it is further preferable that the frequency satisfies any of 1 GHz, 2.45 GHz, 5.8 GHz and 10 GHz.
- thermoplastic resin any method is adopted as the method for producing the resin composition of the present embodiment.
- a thermoplastic resin, an acid-modified polymer, an LDS additive, a reinforcing fiber, and other components to be blended as needed are mixed by a mixing means such as a V-type blender to prepare a batch blend product.
- a mixing means such as a V-type blender to prepare a batch blend product.
- a method of melt-kneading and pelletizing with an extruder with a vent can be mentioned.
- the reinforcing fibers and the like may be side-fed.
- the molded product of the present embodiment is also a molded product molded from the resin composition of the present embodiment.
- the shape of the molded product is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended use and purpose of the molded product.
- film-shaped, frame-shaped, panel-shaped, and button-shaped ones are preferable, and the thickness is, for example, about 1 mm to 5 mm in the case of frame-shaped or panel-shaped.
- the method for producing a molded product in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and a molding method generally adopted for a resin composition can be arbitrarily adopted.
- a molding method generally adopted for a resin composition can be arbitrarily adopted.
- an injection molding method, an ultra-high speed injection molding method, an injection compression molding method, a two-color molding method, a hollow molding method such as gas assist, a molding method using a heat insulating mold, and a rapid heating mold were used.
- Molding method, foam molding (including supercritical fluid), insert molding, IMC (in-mold coating molding) molding method, extrusion molding method, sheet molding method, thermal molding method, rotary molding method, laminated molding method, press molding method, Blow molding method and the like can be mentioned.
- a molding method using a hot runner method can also be used.
- the molded product obtained by molding the resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably used as a molded product (plated molded product) having plating on the surface of the molded product. It is preferable that the plating in the molded product of the present embodiment retains the performance as an antenna.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a process of forming plating on the surface of a molded product 1 by a laser direct structuring technique.
- the molded product 1 is a flat substrate, but it does not necessarily have to be a flat substrate, and may be a molded product in which a part or the whole is curved. Further, the obtained plated molded product is not limited to the final product, but also includes various parts.
- the first embodiment of the molded product is a form in which the surface is smooth.
- the surface of the molded product formed from the resin is sanded to provide unevenness on the surface, but in the present embodiment, the surface is uneven.
- Plating can be formed even if the flat surface is smooth.
- the second embodiment of the molded product is an embodiment in which the portion forming the plating on the molded product is not a uniform flat surface. Specifically, it is a molded product having a convex portion and / or a concave portion. In the present embodiment, plating can be appropriately formed even on a molded product in which the portion forming the plating is not a uniform flat surface.
- the molded product 1 is irradiated with the laser 2.
- the laser here is not particularly specified, and can be appropriately selected from known lasers such as a YAG laser, an excimer laser, and an electromagnetic ray, and a YAG laser is preferable.
- the wavelength of the laser is not particularly specified. The preferred wavelength range is 200 nm to 1200 nm, more preferably 800 to 1200 nm.
- the plating solution 4 is not particularly specified, and a known plating solution can be widely adopted, and a plating solution consisting of at least one of copper, nickel, silver, gold, and palladium as a metal component (particularly,).
- a non-electrolytic plating solution) is preferable, a plating solution containing at least one of copper, nickel, silver, and gold (particularly, a non-electrolytic plating solution) is more preferable, and a copper-containing plating solution (particularly, non-electrolytic plating solution) is preferable.
- Plating solution) is more preferable.
- the method of applying the molded product 1 to the plating solution 4 is not particularly specified, and examples thereof include a method of charging the molded product 1 into the plating solution 4.
- the plating 5 is formed only on the portion 3 irradiated with the laser.
- the method of the present embodiment it is possible to form a plating (circuit) having a width interval of 1 mm or less and further, 150 ⁇ m or less (the lower limit is not particularly determined, but for example, 30 ⁇ m or more).
- the plating can be further protected with nickel or gold after performing, for example, electroless plating in order to suppress corrosion or deterioration of the formed plating (circuit).
- electroless plating and then electrolytic plating can be used to form a required film thickness in a short time.
- the method for manufacturing a plated molded product is preferably used as a method for manufacturing a portable electronic device component having an antenna, including the method for manufacturing the plated molded product.
- Molded products obtained from the resin composition of the present embodiment include portable electronic device parts, housings of electronic device parts, circuit boards, semiconductor interlayer insulating films, antenna parts, insulating material resistors for high-frequency coaxial cables, switches, capacitors, and the like.
- Base parts such as photosensors, IC sockets and connectors, transportation equipment such as automobiles, bicycles, motorcycles, trucks, railroad vehicles, helicopters, aircraft, construction machinery such as bulldozers, hydraulic excavators, cranes, commercial ships, special purpose ships, fishing boats, etc.
- Mechanical parts such as ships such as ships, tractors, agricultural machinery such as harvesters, smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, computers, television receivers, VR goggles, cameras, speakers, drones, robots, sensors, medical equipment, analytical equipment, etc. Etc., and are particularly preferably used as parts for portable electronic devices.
- JP-A-2011-219620, JP-A-2011-195820, JP-A-2011-178873, JP-A-2011-168705, JP-A-2011-148267 as long as the gist of the present embodiment is not deviated.
- the description in the issue can be taken into consideration.
- Example 10-11 Each component other than the glass fiber shown in Table 8 is blended at the ratio shown in Table 8 below (all by mass), and this is blended with a 30 mm vent type twin-screw extruder (manufactured by Japan Steel Works, Ltd., 2). Using a shaft extruder TEX30 ⁇ ), glass fibers were supplied from a side feeder, melt-kneaded at a barrel temperature of 270 ° C., extruded into strands, and then pelletized with a strand cutter to obtain pellets. The following evaluation was performed using the obtained pellets.
- Examples 1 to 9, 12 to 21 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 have a cylinder set temperature of 280 ° C., a mold temperature of 80 ° C., an injection time of 2 seconds, and a molding cycle 40.
- Injection molding is performed under the condition of seconds, an ISO multipurpose test piece (4 mm thick) is injection molded, and Examples 10 to 11 have a cylinder temperature of 250 ° C., a mold temperature of 80 ° C., an injection time of 2 seconds, and a molding cycle of 40 seconds.
- the ISO multipurpose test piece (4 mm thick) was injection molded.
- tensile modulus unit: MPa
- fracture stress unit: MPa
- fracture strain unit%) in accordance with ISO standards 527-1 and ISO527-2. was measured.
- the obtained ISO multipurpose test pieces (Examples 1 to 9, 12 to 21 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 have a thickness of 3 mm, and Examples 10 to 11 have a thickness of 4 mm) are processed into a shape based on the ISO-179 standard and at room temperature.
- a Charpy impact test (notched) was performed under the condition of (23 ° C.) based on the ISO-179 standard.
- the unit of Charpy impact strength is kJ / m 2 .
- the ISO multipurpose test piece (4 mm thick) obtained above is processed into a shape based on ISO75-1 and ISO75-2, and the deflection temperature under load (unit: ° C) is based on ISO75-1 and ISO75-2. , Measured under a load of 1.80 MPa.
- ⁇ Flame retardant> After drying the pellets obtained in Examples 8 and 9 at 100 ° C. for 4 hours or more, a cylinder temperature of 280 ° C. and a mold temperature of 80 ° C. were used using an injection molding machine (SE-50, manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.). A combustion test piece having a thickness of 1.5 mm was prepared in 1. Flame retardancy was tested using five test pieces (thickness: 1.5 mm) according to the method of Subject 94 (UL94) of Underwriters Laboratories. V-0, which is classified into V-0, V-1, and V-2, is the most excellent. NC means No Class (out of classification).
- ⁇ Relative permittivity / dielectric loss tangent> The relative permittivity and dielectric loss tangent are shown in Table 3, Table 5, Table 7, Table 9, Table 11, Table 13, and Table 15 for 100 mm ⁇ 1.5 mm ⁇ 2 mm flat plate-shaped test pieces formed from the resin composition. The values at each of the indicated frequencies were measured by the perturbation method. Specifically, the pellets obtained above are dried at 120 ° C. for 4 hours or more for Examples 1 to 3, 10 to 21 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and then for Examples 4 to 9. After drying the pellets at 100 ° C. for 4 hours or more, Examples 1 to 9 and 12 to 21 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 have a cylinder temperature of 280 ° C.
- injection molding machine manufactured by Nissei Plastic Industry Co., Ltd. Injection molding was performed under the conditions of a mold temperature of 80 ° C. and a molding cycle of 50 seconds, and in Examples 10 to 11, injection molding was performed under the conditions of a cylinder temperature of 250 ° C., a mold temperature of 80 ° C. and a molding cycle of 50 seconds, and 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm.
- a flat plate-shaped test piece of ⁇ 2 mm was formed.
- a 100 mm ⁇ 1.5 mm ⁇ 2 mm flat plate-shaped test piece was obtained by cutting from the obtained flat plate-shaped test piece, and then the relative permittivity and the dielectric loss tangent at each frequency were measured by a perturbation method.
- a cavity resonator manufactured by KEYSIGHT, a network analyzer and Kanto Electronics Application Development Co., Ltd. was used.
- ⁇ Plating property> In the range of 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm of the ISO multipurpose test piece (4 mm thickness) obtained above, a laser irradiation device of VMc1 manufactured by Trumpf (YAG laser maximum output 15 W with a wavelength of 1064 nm) was used, and the output (Power) was 8 W or 10 W. The laser was irradiated at a frequency of 60 kHz or 80 kHz and a speed of 2 m / s. The subsequent plating step was carried out in an electroless MacDermid company's Copper100XB plating tank at 65 ° C. It was evaluated as follows. The results are shown in Table 3, Table 5, Table 7, Table 9, Table 11, Table 13, and Table 15. A: Plating was formed B: Plating was not formed
- the resin composition of the present invention has a high relative permittivity and high mechanical strength while maintaining a low dielectric loss tangent (Examples 1 to 21).
- the relative permittivity could be increased while maintaining the low dielectric loss tangent, but the mechanical strength was lowered (Comparative Examples 1 to 6).
- a 2,2-bis- (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane type aromatic polycarbonate resin (polycarbonate resin containing a structural unit represented by the formula (1)) was used as a part of the polycarbonate resin.
- the dielectric loss tangent could be made lower (Examples 4 to 7).
- conductive zinc oxide as the LDS additive, higher flame retardancy could be achieved (Examples 8 and 9).
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、かかる課題を解決することを目的とするものであって、誘電正接を低く維持しつつ、比誘電率が高く、かつ、機械的強度に優れた樹脂組成物、ならびに、成形品およびメッキ付成形品の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
<1>熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対し、酸変性ポリマー0.3~10質量部と、レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤5~150質量部と、強化繊維10~150質量部とを含み、前記レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤は、抵抗率が5×103Ω・cm以下の導電性酸化物であって、周期表のn族(nは3~16の整数)の金属とn+1族の金属を含む化合物、および、チタン酸カルシウム銅から選択される少なくとも1種である、樹脂組成物。
<2>前記熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂およびポリアミド樹脂の少なくとも1種を含む、<1>に記載の樹脂組成物。
<3>前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリカーボネート樹脂を含む、<1>に記載の樹脂組成物。
<4>前記ポリカーボネート樹脂が式(1)で表される構成単位を含む、<3>に記載の樹脂組成物。
<5>前記ポリカーボネート樹脂の末端基を除く全構成単位の10~100モル%が式(1)で表される構成単位である、<4>に記載の樹脂組成物。
<6>前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を含む、<1>に記載の樹脂組成物。
<7>前記酸変性ポリマーが、酸変性オレフィンポリマーを含む、<1>~<6>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<8>前記強化繊維は、周波数900MHzで測定したときの比誘電率が25未満である、<1>~<7>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<9>前記強化繊維が、ガラス繊維およびワラストナイトから選択される少なくとも1種を含む、<1>~<8>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<10>前記樹脂組成物中のレーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤の含有量が30質量%超である、<1>~<9>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<11>前記樹脂組成物中のレーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤の含有量が20質量%以上である、<1>~<9>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<12>前記樹脂組成物から形成された成形品が、1~10GHzの範囲の少なくとも1つの周波数において、比誘電率が4.0以上であり、誘電正接が0.020以下である、<1>~<11>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<13>さらに、難燃剤を含む、<1>~<12>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<14>さらに、エラストマーを含む、<1>~<13>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<15>前記樹脂組成物中のセラミックフィラー(レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤に該当するものを除く)の含有量が0質量部以上10質量部未満である、<1>~<14>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<16>前記レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤が、抵抗率が5×103Ω・cm以下の導電性酸化物であって、周期表のn族の金属とn+1族の金属を含む化合物であり、nが10~13の整数である、<1>~<15>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<17>前記レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤が、周期表のn族の金属が亜鉛であり、周期表n+1族の金属がアルミニウムである、<16>に記載の樹脂組成物。
<18>前記酸変性ポリマーの酸価が、0.5mgKOH/g以上である、<1>~<17>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<19>前記レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤と酸変性ポリマーの質量比率(レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤/酸変性ポリマー)が10~200である、<1>~<18>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物。
<20><1>~<19>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物から形成される成形品。
<21>前記成形品の表面にメッキを有する、<20>に記載の成形品。
<22>前記メッキがアンテナとしての性能を保有する、<21>に記載の成形品。
<23>携帯電子機器部品である、<20>~<22>のいずれか1つに記載の成形品。
<24><1>~<19>のいずれか1つに記載の樹脂組成物から形成される成形品の表面に、レーザーを照射後、金属を適用して、メッキを形成することを含む、メッキ付成形品の製造方法。
なお、本明細書において「~」とはその前後に記載される数値を下限値および上限値として含む意味で使用される。
本明細書において、各種物性値および特性値は、特に述べない限り、23℃におけるものとする。
本明細書で示す規格が年度によって、測定方法等が異なる場合、特に述べない限り、2020年7月28日時点おける規格に基づくものとする。
この理由は、以下の通りであると推測される。すなわち、本実施形態で用いるLDS添加剤は、樹脂組成物について、誘電正接を高くせずに、比誘電率を高くすることには有益であるが、熱可塑性樹脂の分解を引き起こしてしまうと推測された。そこで、酸変性ポリマーを配合することにより、熱可塑性樹脂の分解を抑制し、機械的強度の低下を抑制できたと推測された。本実施形態で用いるLDS添加剤は、高充填したときに、特に、樹脂組成物の機械的強度を低下させる傾向にあるが、本実施形態では、酸変性ポリマーを配合することにより、LDS添加剤を高充填しても、効果的に熱可塑性樹脂の分解を抑制できたと推測された。
以下、本実施形態の樹脂組成物について説明する。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、熱可塑性樹脂を含む。
本実施形態で用いる熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂(好ましくは、ポリプロピレン樹脂およびポリエチレン樹脂)およびアクリル樹脂が例示され、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂およびポリアミド樹脂の少なくとも1種を含むことがより好ましい。
本実施形態における、熱可塑性樹脂の好ましい一例は、ポリカーボネート樹脂を含むことであり、樹脂組成物の90質量%以上(好ましくは95質量%以上)がポリカーボネート樹脂であることである。
本実施形態における、熱可塑性樹脂の好ましい他の一例は、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂を含むことであり、樹脂組成物の90質量%以上(好ましくは95質量%以上)がポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂であることである。
本実施形態における、熱可塑性樹脂の好ましい他の一例は、ポリエステル樹脂(好ましくは、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂)を含むことであり、樹脂組成物の90質量%以上(好ましくは95質量%以上)がポリエステル樹脂(好ましくは、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂)であることである。
本実施形態における、熱可塑性樹脂の好ましい他の一例は、ポリアミド樹脂(好ましくは、後述するキシリレンジアミン系ポリアミド樹脂)を含むことであり、樹脂組成物の90質量%以上(好ましくは95質量%以上)がポリアミド樹脂(好ましくは、後述するキシリレンジアミン系ポリアミド樹脂)であることである。
本実施形態における、熱可塑性樹脂の好ましい他の一例は、ポリカーボネート樹脂とポリエステル樹脂(好ましくは、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂)を含むことであり、樹脂組成物の90質量%以上(好ましくは95質量%以上)がポリカーボネート樹脂とポリエステル樹脂(好ましくは、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂)であることである。本実施形態において、ポリカーボネート樹脂とポリエステル樹脂のブレンド比は、質量比で、1~99:99~1であることが好ましく、1~30:99~70であることがより好ましく、5~20:95~80であることがさらに好ましい。
ポリカーボネート樹脂としては特に制限されず、芳香族ポリカーボネート、脂肪族ポリカーボネート、芳香族-脂肪族ポリカーボネートのいずれも用いることができる。中でも芳香族ポリカーボネートが好ましく、さらに、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物をホスゲンまたは炭酸のジエステルと反応させることによって得られる熱可塑性芳香族ポリカーボネート重合体または共重合体がより好ましい。
2価の有機基としては、従来公知のものであれば特に制限はなく適宜選択して用いることができるが、例えば、下記式(2a)~(2h)で表される有機基が挙げられ、式(2a)が好ましい。
式(2c)は、式(2i)で表されることが好ましい。
qは、0~3の整数であり、0が好ましい。
*は他の基との結合部位である。
式(1)で表される構成単位以外の構成単位としては以下の構成単位が例示される。
A)末端基を除く全構成単位の90モル%以上が式(5)で表される構成単位から構成されるポリカーボネート樹脂(ビスフェノールA型ポリカーボネート樹脂等)
B)末端基を除く全構成単位の90モル%以上が式(1)で表される構成単位と式(5)で表される構成単位とから構成されるポリカーボネート樹脂(ビスフェノールA型ポリカーボネート樹脂とビスフェノールC型ポリカーボネート樹脂のブレンド物や、ビスフェノールAおよびC型ポリカーボネート樹脂(共重合体)等)
なお、粘度平均分子量の異なる2種以上のポリカーボネート樹脂を混合して用いてもよく、この場合には、粘度平均分子量が上記の好適な範囲外であるポリカーボネートを混合してもよいが、混合物の粘度平均分子量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
ここで、粘度平均分子量[Mv]とは、溶媒としてメチレンクロライドを使用し、ウベローデ粘度計を用いて温度25℃での極限粘度[η](単位dL/g)を求め、Schnellの粘度式、すなわち、η=1.23×10-4Mv0.83から算出される値を意味する。また、極限粘度[η]とは、各溶液濃度[C](g/dL)での比粘度[ηsp]を測定し、下記式により算出した値である。
本実施形態では、公知のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂を用いることができ、例えば、下記式で表される構成単位を主鎖に有する重合体(好ましくは、下記式で表される構成単位が末端基を除く全構成単位の90モル%以上を占める重合体)が例示される。ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂は、単独重合体または共重合体のいずれであってもよい。
ポリエステル樹脂としては、公知の熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂を用いることができ、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂およびポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂が好ましく、少なくともポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を含むことがより好ましい。
ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂やポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂は、周知のように、テレフタル酸および/またはそのエステルと、エチレングリコールおよび/または1,4-ブタンジオールとの反応により、大規模に製造され、市場に流通している。本実施形態では市場で入手し得るこれらの樹脂を用いることができる。市場で入手し得る樹脂には、テレフタル酸成分とエチレングリコール成分および/または1,4-ブタンジオール成分以外の共重合成分を含有しているものもあるが、本実施形態では共重合成分を好ましくは3~40質量%、より好ましくは5~30質量%さらに好ましくは10~25質量%含有するものも用いることができる。
ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂の固有粘度は、通常、0.5~1.5dL/gであり、特に0.6~1.3dL/gであることが好ましい。上記下限値以上であると機械的強度に優れた樹脂組成物を得ることが容易となる。また、上記上限値以下であると樹脂組成物の流動性が失われず、成形性に優れる方向となる。
なお、いずれのポリエステル樹脂の固有粘度も、フェノール/テトラクロロエタン(質量比1/1)混合溶媒中、30℃での測定値である。
また、ポリエステル樹脂(好ましくはポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂)の末端カルボキシル基量は、通常、60eq/ton以下であり、50eq/ton以下であることが好ましく、30eq/ton以下であることが好ましい。60eq/ton以下とすることにより、耐アルカリ性および耐加水分解性が向上し、また樹脂組成物の溶融成形時にガスが発生しにくくなる。末端カルボキシル基量の下限値は特に定めるものではないが、ポリエステル樹脂の製造の生産性を考慮し、通常、10eq/tonである。
なお、ポリエステル樹脂の末端カルボキシル基量は、ベンジルアルコール25mLに樹脂0.5gを溶解し、水酸化ナトリウムの0.01モル/Lベンジルアルコール溶液を用いて滴定することにより、求めることができる。
ポリアミド樹脂としては、ラクタムの開環重合、アミノカルボン酸の重縮合、ジアミンと二塩基酸の重縮合により得られる酸アミドを構成単位とする高分子であり、具体的には、ポリアミド6、11、12、46、66、610、612、6I、6/66、6T/6I、6/6T、66/6T、66/6T/6I、詳細を後述するキシリレンジアミン系ポリアミド樹脂、ポリトリメチルヘキサメチレンテレフタルアミド、ポリビス(4-アミノシクロヘキシル)メタンドデカミド、ポリビス(3-メチル-4-アミノシクロヘキシル)メタンドデカミド、ポリウンデカメチレンヘキサヒドロテレフタルアミド等が挙げられる。なお、上記「I」はイソフタル酸成分、「T」はテレフタル酸成分を示す。また、ポリアミド樹脂としては、特開2011-132550号公報の段落番号0011~0013の記載を参酌することができ、この内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、各熱可塑性樹脂を1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合、合計量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対し、酸変性ポリマー0.3~10質量部を含む。酸変性ポリマーを含むことにより、LDS添加剤が熱可塑性樹脂を分解してしまうのを効果的に抑制することができる。
酸変性ポリマーを構成するポリマーは、オレフィンポリマー、スチレンポリマーが好ましく、オレフィンポリマーがより好ましく、ポリエチレンがより好ましい。
オレフィンポリマーとしては、エチレン、プロピレン等のα-オレフィンの単独重合体または共重合体、α-オレフィンと他のモノマーとの共重合体が好ましい。前記α-オレフィンと他のモノマーとの共重合体としては、エチレン-プロピレンゴム、エチレンブテンゴム等のエチレン系ゴムが好ましい。
酸変性ポリマーの酸変性に用いられる酸は、酸でもよいし、酸無水物であってもよいが、酸無水物が好ましい。酸変性ポリマーの酸変性に用いられる酸は、具体的には、有機酸およびその酸無水物類が好ましく、カルボン酸類および無水カルボン酸類がより好ましく、マレイン酸および無水マレイン酸がさらに好ましく、無水マレイン酸が一層好ましい。
すなわち、本実施形態で用いる酸変性ポリマーは、無水マレイン酸変性オレフィンポリマーが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物が酸変性ポリマーを2種以上含む場合、前記酸価は、混合物の酸価とする。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、酸変性ポリマーを1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合、合計量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対し、レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤5~150質量部を含む。LDS添加剤を含むことにより、得られる成形品の表面にメッキを形成することが可能になる。
本実施形態で用いるLDS添加剤は、抵抗率が5×103Ω・cm以下の導電性酸化物であって、周期表のn族(nは3~16の整数)の金属とn+1族の金属を含む化合物、および、チタン酸カルシウム銅から選択される少なくとも1種であり、抵抗率が5×103Ω・cm以下の導電性酸化物であって、周期表のn族(nは3~16の整数)の金属とn+1族の金属を含む化合物であることが好ましい。このようなLDS添加剤を用いることにより、樹脂組成物の誘電正接を高くせずに、比誘電率を高くすることができる。
導電性酸化物の抵抗率は、8×102Ω・cm以下がより好ましく、7×102Ω・cm以下がさらに好ましく、5×102Ω・cm以下が一層好ましい。下限については特に制限はないが、例えば、1×101Ω・cm以上であってもよく、さらには、1×102Ω・cm以上であってもよい。
本実施形態における導電性酸化物の抵抗率は、通常、粉末抵抗率をいい、導電性酸化物の微粉末10gを、内面にテフロン(登録商標)加工を施した内径25mmの円筒内へ装入して100kgf/cm2に加圧し(充填率20%)、横河電機社製の「3223型」テスターで測定することができる。
本実施形態で用いるLDS添加剤の具体例としては、周期表のn族の金属が亜鉛であり、周期表n+1族の金属がアルミニウムである化合物、および、周期表のn族の金属が錫であり、周期表n+1族の金属がアンチモンである化合物が挙げられ、周期表のn族の金属が亜鉛であり、周期表n+1族の金属がアルミニウムである化合物がより好ましい。周期表のn族の金属が亜鉛であり、周期表n+1族の金属がアルミニウムである化合物は、難燃剤を配合したときに、難燃剤の作用を阻害しにくく、難燃性を効果的に向上させることができる。
さらに、本実施形態で用いるLDS添加剤は、LDS添加剤中に含まれる金属成分の98質量%以上が、上記周期表のn族の金属の含有量とn+1族の金属で構成されることが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、LDS添加剤を1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合、合計量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対し、強化繊維10~150質量部を含む。強化繊維を含むことにより、得られる成形品の機械的強度を高くすることができる。
本実施形態で用いる強化繊維は、数平均繊維長(カット長)が0.5~10mmのものが好ましく、1~5mmのものがより好ましい。このような数平均繊維長の強化繊維を用いることにより、機械的強度をより向上させることができる。数平均繊維長(カット長)が0.5~10mmの強化繊維は、チョップドストランドとして販売されているものが例示される。数平均繊維長は光学顕微鏡の観察で得られる画像に対して、繊維長を測定する対象の強化繊維をランダムに抽出してその長辺を測定し、得られた測定値から数平均繊維長を算出する。観察の倍率は20倍とし、測定本数は1,000本以上として行う。概ね、カット長に相当する。
また、強化繊維の断面は、円形、楕円形、長円形、長方形、長方形の両短辺に半円を合わせた形状、まゆ型等いずれの形状であってもよい。
強化繊維の数平均繊維径は、下限が、4.0μm以上であることが好ましく、4.5μm以上であることがより好ましく、5.0μm以上であることがさらに好ましい。強化繊維の数平均繊維径の上限は、15.0μm以下であることが好ましく、12.0μm以下であることがより好ましい。このような範囲の数平均繊維径を有する強化繊維を用いることにより、湿熱をした後にもメッキ性により優れた成形品が得られる。さらに、成形品を長期間保存した場合や、長期間にわたって熱処理した場合にも、高いメッキ性を維持できる。なお、強化繊維の数平均繊維径は、電子顕微鏡の観察で得られる画像に対して、繊維径を測定する対象の強化繊維をランダムに抽出し、中央部に近いところで繊維径を測定し、得られた測定値から算出する。観察の倍率は1,000倍とし、測定本数は1,000本以上として行う。円形以外の断面を有するガラス繊維の数平均繊維径は、断面の面積と同じ面積の円に換算したときの数平均繊維径とする。
本実施形態では、強化繊維が、ガラス繊維およびワラストナイトから選択される少なくとも1種を含むことが好ましく、ガラス繊維を含むことがより好ましい。
ガラス繊維は、一般的に供給されるEガラス、Cガラス、Aガラス、Sガラス、Dガラス、Rガラス、Mガラス等を溶融紡糸して得られる繊維が用いられるが、ガラス繊維にできるものであれば使用可能であり、特に限定されない。本実施形態では、Eガラスを含むことが好ましい。
本実施形態で用いるガラス繊維は、例えば、γ-メタクリルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン等のシランカップリング剤等の表面処理剤で表面処理されていることが好ましい。表面処理剤の付着量は、ガラス繊維の0.01~1質量%であることが好ましい。さらに必要に応じて、脂肪酸アミド化合物、シリコーンオイル等の潤滑剤、第4級アンモニウム塩等の帯電防止剤、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂等の被膜形成能を有する樹脂、被膜形成能を有する樹脂と熱安定剤、難燃剤等の混合物で表面処理されたものを用いることもできる。本実施形態で用いるガラス繊維は、集束剤で集束されていてもよい。この場合の集束剤としては、エポキシ系集束剤またはウレタン系集束剤が好ましい。
また、本実施形態の樹脂組成物における強化繊維(好ましくはガラス繊維)の含有量は、5質量%以上であることが好ましく、30質量%以下であることがより好ましく、25質量%以下であることがさらに好ましい。
さらに、本実施形態の樹脂組成物においては、LDS添加剤の含有量と強化繊維(好ましくはガラス繊維)の含有量の差(LDS添加剤の含有量-強化繊維の含有量(単位:質量%)は、0質量%以上であることが好ましく、1質量%以上であることがより好ましく、5質量%以上であることがさらに好ましい。上限としては、35質量%以下であることが好ましい。このように、強化繊維(好ましくはガラス繊維)の含有量よりも、LDS添加剤の含有量を多くすることにより、誘電正接を低く維持しつつ、比誘電率が高く、かつ、機械的強度に優れた成形品がより得られやすくなる。
また、本実施形態の樹脂組成物においては、LDS添加剤と強化繊維(好ましくはガラス繊維)の質量比率(LDS添加剤の含有量/強化繊維の含有量)が、0超であることが好ましく、1以上であることがより好ましく、1超であることがさらに好ましい。前記下限値以上とすることにより、比誘電率をより向上させつつ、成形品の機械的強度をより向上させることができる。また、前記質量比率は、5以下であることが好ましく、4以下であることがより好ましい。前記上限値以下とすることにより、比誘電率をより向上させつつ、射出成形時の流動性をより向上させることができる。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、強化繊維を1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合、合計量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、上記の他、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で他の成分を含んでいてもよい。他の成分としては、セラミックフィラー、安定剤、酸化防止剤、離型剤、エラストマー、難燃剤、滴下防止剤、核剤、耐加水分解性改良剤、艶消剤、紫外線吸収剤、可塑剤、分散剤、帯電防止剤、着色防止剤、ゲル化防止剤、着色剤等が例示される。これらの詳細は、特許第4894982号公報の段落0130~0155の記載、特開2019-11514号公報の段落0066~0142の記載を参酌でき、これらの内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。これらの成分は、合計で、樹脂組成物の20質量%以下であることが好ましい。これらの成分は、それぞれ、1種のみを用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、熱可塑性樹脂、酸変性ポリマー、LDS添加剤および強化繊維、ならびに、必要に応じ配合される、他の成分の合計が100質量%となるように調整される。本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、熱可塑性樹脂、酸変性ポリマー、LDS添加剤および強化繊維の合計量が、樹脂組成物の95質量%以上を占めることが好ましく、98質量%以上を占めることがより好ましい。
本実施形態で用いるセラミックフィラーとしては、酸化チタンや、チタン酸バリウムストロンチウムが例示され、酸化チタンが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物における前記セラミックフィラーの含有量は、0質量部以上10質量部未満であることが好ましく、0質量部以上5質量部以下であることがより好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、セラミックフィラーを1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合、合計量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、安定剤を含んでいてもよい。
安定剤を配合することにより、熱安定性改良や、機械的強度、透明性や色相の悪化を防止する効果を有するという点で好ましい。安定剤としては、リン系安定剤、イオウ系安定剤およびフェノール系安定剤が好ましく、リン系安定剤がより好ましく、ホスフェート化合物がより好ましい。
安定剤の詳細は、特開2020-084037号公報の段落0070~0079の記載を参酌でき、この内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、安定剤を1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合、合計量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、酸化防止剤を含んでいてもよい。
酸化防止剤としては、フェノール系酸化防止剤が好ましく、ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤がより好ましい。
酸化防止剤としては、特開2019-182994号公報の段落0117~0119に記載の酸化防止剤を参酌でき、これらの内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、酸化防止剤を1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合、合計量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、離型剤を含んでいてもよい。
離型剤としては、例えば、脂肪族カルボン酸、脂肪族カルボン酸とアルコールとのエステル、数平均分子量200~15,000の脂肪族炭化水素化合物、ポリシロキサン系シリコーンオイルなどが挙げられる。また、酸化ポリオレフィンワックス(例えば、酸化ポリエチレンワックス)も例示される。
離型剤の詳細は、特開2019-183017号公報の段落0094~0098の記載、国際公開第2019/078162号の段落0029~0073に記載のエステル化合物等を採用でき、これらの内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。
離型剤は、1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合、合計量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、エラストマーを含んでいてもよい。エラストマーを含むことにより、得られる成形品の衝撃強度を向上させることができる。本実施形態に用いるエラストマーとしては、メタクリル酸メチル-ブタジエン-スチレン共重合体(MBS樹脂)、SBS、SEBSと呼ばれているスチレン-ブタジエン系トリブロック共重合体とその水添物、SPS、SEPSと呼ばれているスチレン-イソプレン系トリブロック共重合体とその水添物、TPOと呼ばれているオレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー、ポリエステル系エラストマー、シロキサン系ゴム、アクリレート系ゴム、エポキシ含有エラストマー等が挙げられ、スチレン-ブタジエン系トリブロック共重合体とその水添物、スチレン-イソプレン系トリブロック共重合体とその水添物、オレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー、ポリエステル系エラストマー、シロキサン系ゴム、および、アクリレート系ゴムが好ましい。
エラストマーとしては、特開2012-251061号公報の段落番号0075~0088に記載のエラストマー、特開2012-177047号公報の段落番号0101~0107に記載のエラストマー、特開2016-98242号公報の段落0076~0087に記載のエラストマー、特開2019-11514号公報の段落0080~0087に記載のエラストマー等を用いることができ、これらの内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。
本実施形態で用いる樹脂組成物は、エラストマーを1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合は、合計量が上記範囲となる。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、難燃剤を含んでいてもよい。難燃剤を含むことにより、得られる成形品に難燃性を付与することができる。特に、LDS添加剤として、アルミニウムと亜鉛を含む導電性酸化物を用いたときに、難燃性が効果的に付与される傾向にある。
難燃剤としては、ハロゲン系難燃剤、有機金属塩系難燃剤、リン系難燃剤、シリコーン系難燃剤、アンチモン系難燃剤を例示することができる。熱可塑性樹脂としてポリアミド樹脂および/またはポリエステル樹脂を使用する場合は、ハロゲン系難燃剤またはリン系難燃剤を配合することが好ましい。また、熱可塑性樹脂として、ポリカーボネート樹脂を使用する場合は、リン系難燃剤または有機金属塩系難燃剤が好ましく、リン系難燃剤がより好ましく、リン酸エステル化合物がさらに好ましい。
また、難燃助剤を併用してもよい。
難燃剤および難燃助剤の詳細は、特開2019-11514号公報の段落0089~0117の記載を参酌でき、この内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、難燃剤を1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合、合計量が上記範囲となることが好ましい。
本実施形態で用いる樹脂組成物は滴下防止剤を含んでいてもよい。滴下防止剤としては、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)が好ましく、フィブリル形成能を有し、樹脂組成物中に容易に分散し、かつ樹脂同士を結合して繊維状材料を作る傾向を示すものであり、難燃性の向上に寄与する。特に、LDS添加剤として、アルミニウムと亜鉛を含む導電性酸化物を用いたときに、難燃性が効果的に付与される傾向にある。
ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの具体例としては、例えば三井・デュポンフロロケミカルより市販されている商品名「テフロン(登録商標)6J」または「テフロン(登録商標)30J」、ダイキン化学工業より市販されている商品名「ポリフロン」あるいは旭硝子より市販されている商品名「フルオン」等が挙げられる。
滴下防止剤の含有量は、好ましくは、熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対し、0.01~20質量部である。滴下防止剤を0.1質量部以上とすることにより、難燃性がより向上し、20質量部以下とすることにより、外観が向上する傾向にある。滴下防止剤の含有割合は、より好ましくは、熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して、0.05~10質量部であり、さらに好ましくは0.05~5質量部である。
本実施形態で用いる樹脂組成物は、滴下防止剤を1種のみ含んでいてもよいし、2種以上含んでいてもよい。2種以上含む場合は、合計量が上記範囲となる。
次に、本実施形態の樹脂組成物の物性について説明する。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、また、ISO多目的試験片(3mm厚)を23℃で、ISO-179規格に基づいて測定したノッチ付きシャルピー衝撃強さが、3kJ/m2以上であることが好ましく、5kJ/m2以上であることがより好ましい。また、前記ノッチ付きシャルピー衝撃強さの上限値は、特に定めるものではないが、50kJ/m2以下が実際的である。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、前記樹脂組成物から形成された成形品が、1~10GHzの範囲の少なくとも1つの周波数において、比誘電率が4.0以上であることが好ましく、4.3以上であることがより好ましく、4.6以上であることがさらに好ましく、4.9以上であることが一層好ましく、5.0以上であることがより一層好ましく、5.5以上であることがさらに一層好ましく、6.0以上であってもよい。前記比誘電率の上限としては、例えば、10.0以下であり、9.0以下であることが好ましく、8.5以下であることがより好ましく、8.0以下であることがさらに好ましく、7.5以下であることが一層好ましく、7.0以下であることがより一層好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物は、前記樹脂組成物から形成された成形品が、1~10GHzの範囲の少なくとも1つの周波数において、誘電正接が、0.020以下であることが好ましく、0.015以下であることがより好ましい。前記誘電正接の下限値としては、例えば、0.001以上であり、0.005以上であることが好ましい。
上記比誘電率および誘電正接は、1~10GHzの範囲の少なくとも1つの周波数で満たしていることが好ましく、少なくとも1GHz、2.45GHz、5.8GHzおよび10GHzのいずれか1つの周波数で満たしていることがより好ましく、1GHz、2.45GHz、5.8GHzおよび10GHzのいずれの周波数でも満たしていることがさらに好ましい。
本実施形態の樹脂組成物の製造方法としては、任意の方法が採用される。
例えば、熱可塑性樹脂、酸変性ポリマー、LDS添加剤、強化繊維、および、必要に応じて配合される他の成分をV型ブレンダー等の混合手段を用いて混合し、一括ブレンド品を調製した後、ベント付き押出機で溶融混練してペレット化する方法が挙げられる。また、強化繊維等については、サイドフィードしてもよい。
本実施形態の成形品は、また、本実施形態の樹脂組成物から成形される成形品である。
成形品の形状としては、特に制限はなく、成形品の用途、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、フィルム状、ロッド状、円筒状、環状、円形状、楕円形状、多角形形状、異形品、中空品、枠状、箱状、パネル状、ボタン状のもの等が挙げられる。中でも、フィルム状、枠状、パネル状、ボタン状のものが好ましく、厚さは例えば、枠状、パネル状の場合、1mm~5mm程度である。
本実施形態における、成形品の製造方法は、特に限定されず、樹脂組成物について一般に採用されている成形法を任意に採用できる。その例を挙げると、射出成形法、超高速射出成形法、射出圧縮成形法、二色成形法、ガスアシスト等の中空成形法、断熱金型を使用した成形法、急速加熱金型を使用した成形法、発泡成形(超臨界流体も含む)、インサート成形、IMC(インモールドコーティング成形)成形法、押出成形法、シート成形法、熱成形法、回転成形法、積層成形法、プレス成形法、ブロー成形法などが挙げられる。また、ホットランナー方式を使用した成形法を用いることもできる。
次に、本実施形態の樹脂組成物から形成される成形品の表面に、レーザーを照射後、金属を適用して、メッキを形成することを含む、メッキ付成形品の製造方法について開示する。
図1は、レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング技術によって、成形品1の表面にメッキを形成する工程を示す概略図である。図1では、成形品1は、平坦な基板となっているが、必ずしも平坦な基板である必要はなく、一部または全部が湾曲している成形品であってもよい。また、得られるメッキ付き成形品は、最終製品に限らず、各種部品も含む趣旨である。
成形品の第一の実施形態は、表面が平滑である形態である。従来のメッキ形成は、メッキとの密着性を向上させるために、樹脂から形成された成形品の表面をやすりがけして、表面に凹凸を設けることが行われていたが、本実施形態では、平面が平滑でもメッキを形成できる。
成形品の第二の実施形態は、成形品にメッキを形成する部分が一様な平面では無い態様である。具体的には、凸部および/または凹部を有する成形品である。本実施形態では、メッキを形成する部分が一様な平面では無い成形品にも適切にメッキを形成できる。
レーザーが照射されると、レーザーが照射された部分3のみ、成形品1が活性化される。この活性化された状態で、成形品1をメッキ液4に適用する。メッキ液4としては、特に定めるものではなく、公知のメッキ液を広く採用することができ、金属成分として、銅、ニッケル、銀、金、およびパラジウムの少なくとも1種以上からなるメッキ液(特に、無電解のメッキ液)が好ましく、銅、ニッケル、銀、および金の少なくとも1種以上を含むメッキ液(特に、無電解のメッキ液)がより好ましく、銅を含むメッキ液(特に、無電解のメッキ液)がさらに好ましい。
成形品1をメッキ液4に適用する方法についても、特に定めるものではないが、例えば、メッキ液4中に成形品1を投入する方法が挙げられる。メッキ液を適用後の成形品は、レーザー照射した部分3のみ、メッキ5が形成される。
本実施形態の方法では、1mm以下、さらには、150μm以下の幅の間隔(下限値は特に定めるものではないが、例えば、30μm以上)を有するメッキ(回路)を形成することができる。メッキは、形成したメッキ(回路)の腐食や劣化を抑えるために、例えば無電解メッキを実施した後にニッケル、金でさらに保護することもできる。また、同様に無電解メッキ後に電解メッキを用い、必要な膜厚を短時間で形成することもできる。
また、上記メッキ付成形品の製造方法は、上記メッキ付成形品の製造方法を含む、アンテナを有する携帯電子機器部品の製造方法として好ましく用いられる。
実施例で用いた測定機器等が廃番等により入手困難な場合、他の同等の性能を有する機器を用いて測定することができる。
上記表1-1、表1-2に記載した各成分(ガラス繊維を除く)を、下記の表2、表4、表6、表10、表12、表14に示す割合(全て質量部にて表示)にて配合し、タンブラーミキサーにて20分間均一に混合した後、二軸押出機(芝浦機械株式会社製、TEM26SX)を用いて、シリンダー設定温度280℃、スクリュー回転数250rpm、吐出量20kg/hrにて押出機上流部のバレルより押出機にフィードし、溶融混練した。ガラス繊維は、二軸押出機にサイドフィーダーから投入した。溶融混練後、ストランド状に押し出された溶融樹脂組成物を冷却水槽で急冷し、ペレタイザを用いてペレット化し、ペレットを得た。得られたペレットを用いて、以下の評価を行った。
表8に記載のガラス繊維以外の各成分を、下記の表8に示される割合(全て質量部)にて、ブレンドし、これを30mmのベントタイプ二軸押出機(日本製鋼所社製、二軸押出機TEX30α)を使用して、ガラス繊維はサイドフィーダーより供給し、バレル温度270℃にて溶融混練し、ストランドに押し出した後、ストランドカッターによりペレット化し、ペレットを得た。得られたペレットを用いて、以下の評価を行った。
実施例1~3、10~21および比較例1~6については、ペレットを120℃で4時間以上乾燥後、また、実施例4~9については、ペレットを100℃で4時間以上乾燥後、ISO-1133に準拠して、表3、表5、表7、表9、表11、表13、表15に示す測定温度および荷重の条件下で、メルトボリュームレート(MVR、単位:cm3/10min)を測定した。
測定機器は、東洋精機社製メルトインデクサーを用いた。
実施例1~3、10~21および比較例1~6については、ペレットを120℃で4時間以上乾燥後、また、実施例4~9については、ペレットを100℃で4時間以上乾燥後、日精樹脂工業社製射出成形機(NEX80)を用い、実施例1~9、12~21および比較例1~6はシリンダー設定温度280℃、金型温度80℃、射出時間2秒、成形サイクル40秒の条件で射出成形を行い、ISO多目的試験片(4mm厚)を射出成形し、実施例10~11はシリンダー温度250℃、金型温度80℃、射出時間2秒、成形サイクル40秒の条件で射出成形を行い、ISO多目的試験片(4mm厚)を射出成形した。
得られたISO試験片(4mm厚)を用い、ISO規格527-1およびISO527-2に準拠して、引張弾性率(単位:MPa)、破壊応力(単位:MPa)および破壊歪(単位%)を測定した。
実施例1~3、10~21および比較例1~6については、ペレットを120℃で4時間以上乾燥後、また、実施例4~9については、ペレットを100℃で4時間以上乾燥後、日精樹脂工業社製射出成形機(NEX80)を用い、実施例1~9、12~21および比較例1~6はシリンダー温度280℃、金型温度80℃、成形サイクル50秒の条件で射出成形を行い、ISO多目的試験片(4mm厚)を作製し、実施例10~11はシリンダー温度250℃、金型温度80℃、射出時間2秒、成形サイクル40秒の条件で射出成形を行い、ISO多目的試験片(4mm厚)を射出成形した。
得られたISO多目的試験片の両端を室温ISO-178規格に基づいた形状に加工し、ISO-178規格に基づき、(23℃)条件下で曲げ試験を行い、曲げ弾性率(単位:MPa)および曲げ強さ(単位:MPa)を測定した。
実施例1~3、10~21および比較例1~6については、ペレットを120℃で4時間以上乾燥後、また、実施例4~9については、ペレットを100℃で4時間以上乾燥後、日精樹脂工業社製射出成形機(NEX80)を用い、実施例1~9、12~21および比較例1~6はシリンダー温度280℃、金型温度80℃、成形サイクル50秒の条件で射出成形を行い、ISO多目的試験片(3mm厚)を作製し、実施例10~11はシリンダー温度250℃、金型温度80℃、射出時間2秒、成形サイクル40秒の条件で射出成形を行い、ISO多目的試験片(4mm厚)を射出成形した。
得られたISO多目的試験片(実施例1~9、12~21および比較例1~6は3mm厚、実施例10~11は4mm厚)を室温(23℃)条件下でISO-179規格に基づき、シャルピー衝撃試験(ノッチなし)を行った。
得られたISO多目的試験片(実施例1~9、12~21および比較例1~6は3mm厚、実施例10~11は4mm厚)をISO-179規格に基づいた形状に加工し、室温(23℃)条件下でISO-179規格に基づき、シャルピー衝撃試験(ノッチ付き)を行った。
シャルピー衝撃強さの単位はkJ/m2で示した。
実施例1~3、12~21および比較例1~6については、ペレットを120℃で4時間以上乾燥後、また、実施例4~9については、ペレットを100℃で4時間以上乾燥後、日精樹脂工業社製射出成形機(NEX80)を用い、シリンダー温度280℃、金型温度80℃、成形サイクル50秒の条件で射出成形を行い、ISO多目的試験片(4mm厚)を作製した。
上記で得られたISO多目的試験片(4mm厚)を用い、ISO75-1およびISO75-2に基づいた形状に加工し、荷重たわみ温度(単位:℃)を、ISO75-1およびISO75-2に基づき、荷重1.80MPaにて測定した。
実施例8および実施例9で得られたペレットを100℃で4時間以上乾燥後、射出成形機(住友重機械工業社製、SE-50)を用い、シリンダー温度280℃、金型温度80℃で厚さ1.5mmの燃焼試験片を作製した。
アンダーライターズ・ラボラトリーズのサブジェクト94(UL94)の方法に準じ、5本の試験片(厚み:1.5mm)を用いて難燃性を試験した。V-0、V-1、V-2に分類した、V-0が最も優れている。NCは、No Class(分類外)を意味している。
比誘電率および誘電正接は、樹脂組成物から形成された100mm×1.5mm×2mmの平板状試験片について、表3、表5、表7、表9、表11、表13、表15に示す各周波数における値を摂動法により測定した。
具体的には、上記で得られたペレットを、実施例1~3、10~21および比較例1~6については、ペレットを120℃で4時間以上乾燥後、また、実施例4~9については、ペレットを100℃で4時間以上乾燥後、日精樹脂工業株式会社製射出成形機(NEX80)を用いて、実施例1~9、12~21および比較例1~6はシリンダー温度280℃、金型温度80℃、成形サイクル50秒の条件で射出成形を行い、実施例10~11はシリンダー温度250℃、金型温度80℃、成形サイクル50秒の条件で射出成形を行い、100mm×100mm×2mmの平板状試験片を成形した。
得られた平板状試験片から100mm×1.5mm×2mmの平板状試験片を切削により得た後、摂動法により、各周波数における比誘電率および誘電正接を測定した。
測定に際し、KEYSIGHT社製、ネットワークアナライザおよび関東電子応用開発社製、空洞共振器を用いた。
上記で得られたISO多目的試験片(4mm厚)の10mm×10mmの範囲に、Trumpf製、VMc1のレーザー照射装置(波長1064nmのYAGレーザー最大出力15W)を用い、出力(Power)8Wまたは10Wで、周波数(Frequency)60kHzまたは80kHz、速度2m/sにてレーザーを照射した。その後のメッキ工程は無電解のMacDermid社製、Copper100XBの65℃のメッキ槽にて実施した。
以下の通り評価した。結果を表3、表5、表7、表9、表11、表13、表15に示す。
A:メッキが形成された
B:メッキが形成されなかった
また、ポリカーボネート樹脂の一部として、2,2-ビス-(3-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン型芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂(式(1)で表される構成単位を含むポリカーボネート樹脂)を用いた場合、誘電正接をより低くできた(実施例4~7)。
LDS添加剤として、導電酸化亜鉛を用いることにより、より高い難燃性を達成できた(実施例8、9)。
2 レーザー
3 レーザーが照射された部分
4 メッキ液
5 メッキ
Claims (24)
- 熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対し、
酸変性ポリマー0.3~10質量部と、
レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤5~150質量部と、
強化繊維10~150質量部とを含み、
前記レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤は、抵抗率が5×103Ω・cm以下の導電性酸化物であって、周期表のn族(nは3~16の整数)の金属とn+1族の金属を含む化合物、および、チタン酸カルシウム銅から選択される少なくとも1種である、
樹脂組成物。 - 前記熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂およびポリアミド樹脂の少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリカーボネート樹脂を含む、請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリカーボネート樹脂の末端基を除く全構成単位の10~100モル%が式(1)で表される構成単位である、請求項4に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂を含む、請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記酸変性ポリマーが、酸変性オレフィンポリマーを含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記強化繊維は、周波数900MHzで測定したときの比誘電率が25未満である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記強化繊維が、ガラス繊維およびワラストナイトから選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記樹脂組成物中のレーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤の含有量が30質量%超である、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記樹脂組成物中のレーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤の含有量が20質量%以上である、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記樹脂組成物から形成された成形品が、1~10GHzの範囲の少なくとも1つの周波数において、比誘電率が4.0以上であり、誘電正接が0.020以下である、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- さらに、難燃剤を含む、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- さらに、エラストマーを含む、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記樹脂組成物中のセラミックフィラー(レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤に該当するものを除く)の含有量が0質量部以上10質量部未満である、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤が、抵抗率が5×103Ω・cm以下の導電性酸化物であって、周期表のn族の金属とn+1族の金属を含む化合物であり、nが10~13の整数である、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤が、周期表のn族の金属が亜鉛であり、周期表n+1族の金属がアルミニウムである、請求項16に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記酸変性ポリマーの酸価が、0.5mgKOH/g以上である、請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤と酸変性ポリマーの質量比率(レーザーダイレクトストラクチャリング添加剤/酸変性ポリマー)が10~200である、請求項1~18のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~19のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物から形成される成形品。
- 前記成形品の表面にメッキを有する、請求項20に記載の成形品。
- 前記メッキがアンテナとしての性能を保有する、請求項21に記載の成形品。
- 携帯電子機器部品である、請求項20~22のいずれか1項に記載の成形品。
- 請求項1~19のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物から形成される成形品の表面に、レーザーを照射後、金属を適用して、メッキを形成することを含む、メッキ付成形品の製造方法。
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CN115734989A (zh) | 2023-03-03 |
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US20230374300A1 (en) | 2023-11-23 |
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