[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

WO2020143231A1 - 一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置 - Google Patents

一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020143231A1
WO2020143231A1 PCT/CN2019/102301 CN2019102301W WO2020143231A1 WO 2020143231 A1 WO2020143231 A1 WO 2020143231A1 CN 2019102301 W CN2019102301 W CN 2019102301W WO 2020143231 A1 WO2020143231 A1 WO 2020143231A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
low
conversion device
feed conversion
coil according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/102301
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄振
Original Assignee
上海交通大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海交通大学 filed Critical 上海交通大学
Priority to CN202210250870.9A priority Critical patent/CN115224815A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/071412 priority patent/WO2020143764A1/zh
Priority to CN202010026335.6A priority patent/CN111431406A/zh
Publication of WO2020143231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020143231A1/zh
Priority to US17/371,084 priority patent/US12040129B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/006—Supplying energising or de-energising current; Flux pumps
    • H01F6/008—Electric circuit arrangements for energising superconductive electromagnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/04—Cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4585—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electromagnet excitation, in particular to an energy feed conversion device with a low-temperature coil.
  • Magnetic field strength and in some cases, under the same magnetic field strength, it is much lighter than the traditional copper wire coil, and the loss is smaller and the efficiency is higher, so it has a wide range of application prospects, such as nuclear magnetic resonance , Motors, magnetic levitation applications, etc.
  • a carbon nanotube material is attached to the copper material, which is similar to graphene. Its electrical conductivity is 10 times that of copper, its current capacity is 100 times that of copper, its thermal conductivity is 10 times that of copper, its strength is 300 times that of copper, and its weight is only 1/4 to 1/6 of copper.
  • This "super copper wire” is also a material that has the potential to be wound into a low temperature coil to generate a strong magnetic field.
  • This "super copper wire” is also a material that has the potential to be wound into a low temperature coil to generate a strong magnetic field.
  • the conventional cryogenic coil excitation uses current leads to directly excite the open-loop cryogenic coil.
  • the low-temperature coil works at extremely low temperature (generally 20K-77K)
  • the low-temperature coil operates Relatively high current (generally 100 amps or even thousands of amps) will subsequently generate greater Joule heat.
  • This excitation technology is more robust, but it also has higher requirements for cooling capacity, which is limited in many applications that require system weight reduction.
  • the zero resistance characteristic of superconducting is used to form a closed loop after the superconducting coil is excited and the current lead is disconnected/unplugged in the vacuum layer (as shown in Figure 2) .
  • the heat leakage of the current lead is still relatively large when the superconducting coil is excited; however, after the superconducting coil is closed after the excitation, the heat leakage is very small, and the heat leakage is only the radiative heat transfer from the refrigerant container to the outer cavity of the Dewar.
  • the disadvantage of this excitation technology is that compared to the prior art 1, the system is more complicated, and the ultra-low resistance or non-resistance joint process itself is more difficult.
  • the current ripple is relatively large, which requires high magnetic field gradient or uniformity. Adversely affect the occasion. At the same time, due to the low voltage generated across the coil of the magnetic flux pump technology, this greatly restricts the applications that require rapid charging and discharging of low temperature coils.
  • the technical problems to be solved by the present invention include:
  • the present invention provides an energy feed conversion device with a low temperature coil, including a cold source module, a vacuum module, an external energy module, an internal energy module, and a connection module; the cold source module is configured to The vacuum module provides a cold source, the external energy module is configured to be located outside the vacuum module, the internal energy module is configured to be located inside the vacuum module, and between the internal energy module and the external energy module It is configured to connect through the connection module.
  • the energy feed conversion device with a low temperature coil further includes a refrigerant module, the refrigerant module is configured to be located inside the vacuum module, and the internal energy module is configured to be located inside the refrigerant module.
  • connection module includes a power electronic converter including a large current unit and a small current unit, and the large current unit is connected to the internal energy module through a large current lead.
  • the high-current unit is configured inside the vacuum module.
  • the high-current unit is configured inside the refrigerant module.
  • the internal energy module is a low-temperature coil or a superconducting coil.
  • the current lead connecting the high-current unit and the internal energy module is pluggable.
  • the power electronic converter is a DC-DC converter and the DC-DC converter is a single or multiple parallel topology structure.
  • the multiple parallel structures of the DC-DC converter are staggered parallel structures.
  • the DC-DC converter includes a half-bridge circuit or a full-bridge circuit, and the half-bridge arm or the full-bridge arm is configured as a single or multiple switching devices in parallel.
  • the large current unit and the small current unit are configured to be connected by one or more pairs of twisted pairs.
  • the high-current current lead is a single or multiple superconducting materials.
  • the superconducting material is a multilayer stack or stranded wires or superconducting composite wires.
  • the layers of the multilayer stacked structure are configured to be connected and strengthened by soldering.
  • the high-current lead is a single or multiple good conductor materials or a combination of superconductors and good conductors.
  • the power electronic converter includes one or a combination of a Buck circuit, a bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit, a half-bridge circuit, and a bridge DC conversion circuit.
  • the switching device part in the Buck circuit or the bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit or the half-bridge circuit or the bridge-type DC conversion circuit is configured to be inside the refrigerant module.
  • the small current unit includes a digital controller and/or a driving circuit of a power switching device, and the small current unit is configured to be located outside the vacuum module.
  • the small current unit includes a digital controller and/or a driving circuit of a power switching device, the small current unit is configured to be located inside the vacuum module, and the small current unit is configured to be located relative to the The temperature at which the high-current unit is at a higher temperature is conducted and cooled by the cold source module or the refrigerant container wall or the Dewar wall or the cold helium exhaust pipe or the low-temperature coil.
  • the external energy module includes an energy storage element and/or a rectifier, and the energy storage element includes one of a power source, a battery, a capacitor, or an inductor.
  • the internal energy module is configured for open-loop operation or closed-loop operation.
  • the cooling method of the high-current unit is one of a cold source module, a refrigerant container wall, a refrigerant, a cold helium exhaust pipe, and a low-temperature coil.
  • the power electronic converter includes a switching device, and the switching device is one of a MOSFET, an IGBT, and a wide band gap semiconductor.
  • the power electronic converter is an isolated DC-DC converter.
  • the isolated DC-DC converter includes a forward converter or a flyback converter.
  • the isolated DC-DC converter includes an isolated and coupled primary secondary side, wherein all or part of the switching devices on the secondary side are located inside the vacuum module.
  • the isolated DC-DC converter includes an isolated and coupled primary secondary side, wherein all or part of the switching devices on the secondary side are located inside the refrigerant module.
  • the part of the container wall is made of non-magnetic material.
  • the refrigerant module is one or more combinations of liquid nitrogen, nitrogen fixation, liquid neon, solid neon, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, cold helium gas, liquid oxygen, and liquefied natural gas.
  • the invention solves the problem of large heat leakage on the current lead, so that the original superconducting coil can only be used in closed-loop operation in open-loop operation, compared with the prior art 2 and prior art 3 superconducting coil closed-loop excitation technology , Solve the problems caused by the use of closed coils and complicated ultra-low resistance or non-resistance joint manufacturing process.
  • Open-loop operation of superconducting coils can obtain higher operating current than closed-loop operation, which means that under the same circumstances, superconducting coils require less conductor material to produce the same magnetic field strength, reducing the material cost of the coil system or in the same conductor In the case of material consumption, increasing the operating temperature allows the superconducting coil system to obtain more cooling power.
  • the present invention can reduce the heating value of the current lead during excitation, and can make the traditional thermally controlled superconducting continuous current switch excited When the heating power is reduced.
  • the superconducting continuous current switch can be changed from a thermal control switch (a technology that turns the superconducting part on and off by heating the wire back to temperature) to a flow control switch (a kind of one that is greater than or less than the superconducting critical current)
  • a thermal control switch a technology that turns the superconducting part on and off by heating the wire back to temperature
  • a flow control switch a kind of one that is greater than or less than the superconducting critical current
  • the current makes the superconducting part open circuit or path), which greatly simplifies the internal structure of the closed coil and eliminates external supporting equipment (such as a temperature controller); at the same time, the calorific value at the flow control switch is less than the thermal control switch Generally, it will be reduced accordingly.
  • the output stability of the power electronic converter used in the present invention is higher than that of the magnetic flux pump, and it is more suitable for places with strict magnetic field requirements.
  • the power electronic converter in the present invention can achieve faster excitation speed and/or more convenient energy feedback to the superconducting coil.
  • the present invention can be used for low-temperature coil open-loop operation.
  • it is not limited to superconducting coils, and is also applicable to other good conductor low-temperature coils.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of connection of an open-loop excitation structure of a low-temperature coil described in the prior art 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop excitation structure connection of a superconducting coil described in the prior art 2;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the superconducting coil closed-loop excitation structure connection described in the prior art 3;
  • 4a is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a low-temperature coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention
  • 4b is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a low-temperature coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention.
  • 4c is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a low-temperature coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention.
  • 4d is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the closed-loop operation of the superconducting coil according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the cryogenic coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the cryogenic coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention.
  • 5c is a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the cryogenic coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention.
  • 5d is a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the cryogenic coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the topology structure of the bidirectional Buck-Boost and bridge circuit of the power electronic converter according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the topology structure of the power electronic converter bridge DC converter circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the cryogenic coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the cryogenic coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8c is a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the cryogenic coil excitation or energy feedback conversion device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a circuit topology structure of a bidirectional flyback converter and a bridge DC converter according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a bidirectional forward converter (forward converter) and bridge DC converter circuit topology schematic diagram
  • 11a is an energy feed conversion device based on a full-bridge circuit according to the present invention.
  • 11b is another energy feed conversion device based on a half-bridge circuit according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the low-temperature coil unidirectional excitation device according to the present invention.
  • Low temperature coil The coil wound by good conductor or superconductor is in low temperature environment.
  • Superconducting material Under certain conditions, a material with zero resistance.
  • Critical temperature When the temperature of the superconducting material drops below a certain temperature, the superconducting material exhibits zero resistance characteristics. This temperature is called the critical temperature of the superconducting material.
  • Critical magnetic field When the external magnetic field strength of the superconducting material is below a certain value, the superconducting material exhibits zero resistance characteristics. This magnetic field is called the critical magnetic field of the superconducting material.
  • Critical current When the DC excitation current in the superconducting material is below a certain value, the superconducting material exhibits zero resistance characteristics. This current is called the critical current of the superconducting material.
  • the superconducting material changes from a superconducting state to a non-superconducting state.
  • the reason may be that the temperature is higher than the critical temperature, the magnetic field is higher than the critical magnetic field, or the current is greater than the critical current.
  • Superconducting coil a coil made of superconducting material, similar to a copper coil, but with a very small internal resistance or approaching zero.
  • the shape of the coil is diverse, mostly round and racetrack, and the material is replaced by copper to superconducting material.
  • Nitrogen fixation is extracted from nitrogen in the air and is inexpensive. It is used as a refrigerant to keep the operating temperature of the low-temperature coil below the critical temperature. Nitrogen gas undergoes a gas-liquid phase transition at about 77 K, a liquid-solid phase transition at about 63 K, and a solid-solid phase transition at about 35.6 K.
  • the current lead is usually one end in a low temperature environment and the other end is at room temperature. Due to the large temperature gradient at both ends, there will be a large conduction heat leakage. Although the low temperature coil has a small resistance, it is generally a large excitation current. A large amount of Joule heat will be generated. In general, the low temperature system will cause the overall heat leakage due to the use of current leads, which greatly increases the load of the refrigeration system.
  • Flux pump technology an excitation technology that alternately pumps energy into a superconducting closed coil.
  • the present invention designs a low leakage heat excitation, energy feedback unidirectional or bidirectional conversion device for low temperature coils, by cooling a part of the circuit containing a large current in the power electronic converter to a low temperature (the temperature can be the same as the low temperature coil, or slightly higher) , Or slightly lower), and place a part of the circuit with small current at a relatively high temperature, thereby greatly reducing the overall total heating value of the traditional current lead wire during the excitation and energy feedback of the low-temperature coil (the total heating value mainly includes Conductive leakage heat and Joule heat on the current lead).
  • the low-temperature coil is preferably a superconducting coil.
  • the cooling method of the low-temperature coil can be through a cold source module, such as the refrigerator (cold head) of FIG. 4 or using a cold helium exhaust pipe, or it can be direct refrigerant cooling.
  • the low-temperature coil is a superconducting coil, it can operate either in open loop or closed loop.
  • the working principle of closed-loop operation is shown in Figure 4(d).
  • Closed-loop operation is similar to the prior art 2 superconducting coil closed-loop excitation technology, except that the traditional pluggable current lead becomes a current lead with a power electronic converter (it can also be changed into a current lead with a power electronic converter Use pluggable mode to further reduce heat leakage during closed-loop operation). If it is another conductor coil with resistance (such as copper coil, etc.), it is preferred to operate in open loop.
  • the power electronic converter is preferably a DC-DC converter.
  • the DC-DC converter can be selected as a single or multiple parallel circuit topology structure.
  • the interleave technology is preferably used.
  • the input and output are small currents and are not suitable for working in low temperature environments (hereinafter referred to as relatively high temperature circuit parts), such as digital controllers that control power electronic converters (such as DSP, FPGA, MCU, based on ARM core) CPU, etc.)
  • the drive of the power switching device in the circuit is preferably placed in a relatively high temperature (such as room temperature) or independently placed in a vacuum by the cold head or refrigerant container wall or Dewar wall or cold helium exhaust pipe or low temperature
  • the coil conducts conduction cooling.
  • the main circuit at low temperature is a full-bridge circuit containing a large current (corresponding to some circuits in the power electronic converter in Figure 4(a)-(c)).
  • the switching devices in this circuit can be MOSFET, IGBT, wide ban With power semiconductor devices such as semiconductors (SiC/GaN), each full-bridge arm is preferably a plurality of switching devices connected in parallel.
  • the topology of a single bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit composed of MOSFETs is shown in Figure 6 or Figure 7 (the part in the solid line frame in Figure 6 or Figure 7 is the part placed in a low-temperature environment).
  • the circuit in Fig. 6 is composed of a bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit and a bridge DC converter, while the circuit in Fig. 7 is composed of a bridge DC converter.
  • the lines in the low-temperature circuit part and the relatively high-temperature circuit part that are susceptible to interference in signal transmission are preferably through twisted pairs (twisted pair) to connect.
  • the superconducting material is preferably a multilayer stack or stranded wire Or superconducting composite wire (such as CORC, etc.) to increase the current carrying capacity of the superconductor as a large current lead to prevent quenching, the preferred number of layers and strands should be more than the single turn of the low temperature coil
  • the layers of the multilayer stack structure are preferably connected and strengthened by soldering.
  • the larger current lead may also be a good conductor, or a mixed current lead of a good conductor and a superconductor (eg, one section is a good conductor, one section is a superconductor, or the whole is a good conductor and a superconducting tape stacked together).
  • the relatively low current side of the external relatively high temperature (such as room temperature) because the excitation power of the low temperature coil is relatively small (low temperature coil is generally a larger current but a lower voltage), you can control the power required to input the low temperature coil to make the current on the lower current side Can become very small.
  • Part of the circuit of the low-temperature power electronic converter as shown in the solid frame of Figure 6 can be placed in a vacuum in a dry environment (it can be reduced to the required low temperature through the cold head or the refrigerant container wall or the cold helium exhaust pipe or low-temperature coil); It can also be placed in the refrigerant module as shown in Figure 4(b) (it can be reduced to the required low temperature by the refrigerant or the inner wall of the refrigerant container).
  • Refrigerant can choose liquid nitrogen, nitrogen fixation, liquid neon, solid neon, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, cold helium gas, liquid oxygen, liquefied natural gas, etc. according to different working temperatures of the low temperature coil.
  • the power electronic converter can be selected as an isolated DC-DC converter with a transformer, such as a flyback converter (flyback converter) or forward converter (forward converter), the other preferred solutions are basically the same as those shown in FIG. 4.
  • a flyback converter flyback converter
  • forward converter forward converter
  • the topological structure diagram of the bidirectional flyback converter circuit and the bridge DC converter is shown in FIG. 9, and the topological structure diagram of the bidirectional forward converter circuit and the bridge DC converter is shown in FIG. 10.
  • the isolated DC-DC converter can separate the primary side circuit and the secondary side circuit of the transformer by vacuum, and part of the circuit 1 in the power electronic converter with transformer (as shown in Fig.
  • FIG. 9 or FIG. 10 the partial circuits 1 and 2 in the power electronic converter with transformer described in this group of embodiments, that is, the primary and secondary sides of the isolated DC-DC converter, are shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10 (Note: FIG. 9 or The flyback converter or forward converter in Figure 10 is bidirectional, and the unidirectional flyback converter or forward converter is also applicable to this group of embodiments).
  • the flyback converter in this circuit The relationship between the converter or forward converter and the bridge DC converter is shown in Figure 4(a)-(c), that is, the flyback converter or forward converter is located outside the vacuum module.
  • the bridge DC converter is located inside the vacuum module (see Figure 4a); or, the flyback converter or forward converter is located outside the vacuum module, and the bridge DC converter is located inside the refrigerant module ( Figure 4b); or In an embodiment without a refrigerant module, the flyback converter or forward converter is located outside the vacuum module, while the bridge DC converter is located inside the vacuum module (see Figure 4c).
  • the bridge DC converters in Figures 6, 7, 9, and 10 can be simplified from Figure 11(a) to Figure 11(b) as a bidirectional Buck-Boost (or half Bridge) circuit form; and as shown in Figure 12 (the part in the solid line box is the part placed in a low-temperature environment), the bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit of FIG. 6 can be replaced by a Buck circuit, and the preferred bridge DC converter can be a bidirectional Buck- Boost (or half-bridge) circuit instead.
  • the battery can also be other energy storage devices such as capacitors, inductors, and/or rectifiers.
  • the energy feed conversion device with a low-temperature coil according to the present invention further includes an energy release module.
  • the energy release module may be simply composed of a diode or a resistor, and is connected to the internal energy module during energy release (Cryogenic coil or superconducting coil) both ends are used to release energy.
  • the advantages and beneficial effects of the energy feed conversion device with low temperature coil according to the present invention mainly include:
  • the invention solves the problem of large heat leakage on the current lead, so that the original superconducting coil can only be used in closed-loop operation in open-loop operation, compared with the prior art 2 and prior art 3 superconducting coil closed-loop excitation technology , Solve the problems caused by the use of closed coils and complicated ultra-low resistance or non-resistance joint manufacturing process.
  • Open-loop operation of superconducting coils can obtain higher operating current than closed-loop operation, which means that under the same circumstances, superconducting coils require less conductor material to produce the same magnetic field strength, reducing the material cost of the coil system or in the same conductor In the case of material consumption, increasing the operating temperature allows the superconducting coil system to obtain more cooling power.
  • the present invention can reduce the heating value of the current lead during excitation, and can make the traditional thermally controlled superconducting continuous current switch excited When the heating power is reduced.
  • the superconducting continuous current switch can be selected from a thermal control switch (a technology that turns the superconducting part on and off by heating the heating wire back to temperature) to a flow control switch (a method of turning on or off the superconducting critical current
  • a thermal control switch a technology that turns the superconducting part on and off by heating the heating wire back to temperature
  • a flow control switch a method of turning on or off the superconducting critical current
  • the current of the superconductor makes the superconductor part open circuit or path), which greatly simplifies the internal structure of the closed coil and eliminates external supporting equipment (such as a temperature controller); at the same time, the heat generation at the flow control switch is more thermally controlled The switch will generally be reduced accordingly.
  • the output stability of the power electronic converter used in the present invention is higher than that of the magnetic flux pump, and it is more suitable for places with strict magnetic field requirements.
  • the power electronic converter in the present invention can achieve faster excitation speed and/or more convenient energy feedback to the superconducting coil.
  • the present invention can be used for low-temperature coil open-loop operation.
  • it is not limited to superconducting coils, and is also applicable to other good conductor low-temperature coils.
  • the low-temperature coil energy feed single or two-way conversion device of the present invention is robust; fast charging and discharging; less heat leakage; convenient energy feedback and due to the cooling system power can be much smaller, such as cold head and compressor, low temperature coil
  • the weight of the system is greatly reduced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，涉及电磁铁励磁技术领域，包括冷源模块、真空模块、外部能量模块、内部能量模块和连接模块；冷源模块被配置为向真空模块提供冷源，外部能量模块被配置为位于真空模块外部，内部能量模块被配置为位于真空模块的内部，内部能量模块与外部能量模块之间被配置为通过连接模块连接。具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置还包括冷媒模块，冷媒模块被配置为位于真空模块的内部，内部能量模块被配置为位于冷媒模块的内部。连接模块包括电力电子变换器，电力电子变换器包括大电流单元和小电流单元，小电流单元被配置为位于真空模块外部，大电流单元通过大电流电流引线与内部能量模块连接。

Description

一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电磁铁励磁技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置。
 背景技术
超导现象于1911年被发现，并且由于其零电阻等优良特性迅速在世界范围内得到研究者们的关注。超导材料的临界温度已经可以达到20K-77K甚至更高，有些已经在液氮环境下即可使材料进入超导态。目前，有些超导材料已经实现工业化量产，由超导材料绕制而成的超导线圈由于其零电阻特性，在直流励磁下可以产生相比于传统铜线绕制而成的线圈无法达到的磁场强度，并且在某些场合下，可以在相同磁场强度的情况下，比传统铜线绕制的线圈轻很多，且损耗更小、效率更高，因此有着广泛的应用前景，如核磁共振、电机、磁悬浮应用等。与此同时，如橡树岭国家实验室带头开发的“超级铜线”技术，在铜材料上附着一种碳纳米管材料，这种材料类似于石墨烯。它的导电率是10倍于铜，电流容量100倍于铜，热传导效率10倍于铜，强度是铜的300倍，重量仅铜的1/4~1/6。这种“超级铜线”也是一种具有绕制成低温线圈产生强磁场潜力的材料。但如何快速、低漏热、非常稳定的给低温线圈励磁以及能量回馈当前没有一个比较好的技术方案。
经检索发现以下三个较为接近的现有技术，分别描述如下：
【现有技术1】低温线圈开环励磁技术
如图1所示，传统的低温线圈励磁采用电流引线对开环的低温线圈进行直接励磁。此时，由于低温线圈工作在极低温（一般为20K-77K），因此电流引线会存在一个从高温到低温的较大温度梯度进而产生较大的传导漏热；与此同时，由于低温线圈运行电流相对较高（一般为百安级甚至千安级）会随之产生较大的焦耳热。这种励磁技术鲁棒性较高，但是对制冷量的要求也较高，在很多需要系统轻量化的应用场合受到了限制。
【现有技术2】超导线圈闭环励磁技术
为了克服传统超导线圈开环励磁技术的缺点，利用超导的零电阻特性，将超导线圈励磁完成以后形成闭环并且在真空层中将电流引线断开/拔开（如图2所示）。在这种技术下，超导线圈励磁时电流引线漏热依然比较大；但是励磁完成超导线圈闭合以后，漏热非常少，漏热仅为冷媒容器到杜瓦外腔体的辐射换热。这种励磁技术的缺点是相较于现有技术1，系统较为复杂，超低阻或无阻接头工艺本身较为困难，接头电阻对于闭合线圈来说越小越好，以用来保证闭合线圈电流长时间几乎不衰减运行；其次为了使超导线圈电阻几乎为零，闭合线圈所能通的电流在相同条件下相较开环线圈相对要低（超导线圈中电流越接近临界电流，电阻就会慢慢产生；开环线圈不需要太担心小电阻的出现）；最后闭合线圈需要做到励磁前后开环闭环的控制（励磁时需要让闭环超导线圈局部失超，励磁方式和上面现有技术1提到的开环励磁技术一样，励磁完成后失超部分需要恢复超导态，然后拔开电流引线形成闭环）。这样的开闭环操作会引入额外的控制难度和不确定因素，系统鲁棒性较开环励磁技术差一些。
【现有技术3】超导线圈闭环励磁技术
为了克服超导线圈闭环励磁技术（上述现有技术2）中励磁时因为有电流引线，漏热量大的问题，有了超导线圈闭环励磁技术（本现有技术），如图3所示。此技术方案利用了磁通泵技术对闭合线圈直接进行励磁，整体发热量可以很少，但其它闭合线圈带来的缺点仍然存在（参考现有技术2中所述）且会使得线圈内部结构相较于上述现有技术2相对复杂；磁通泵技术是将能量交替地泵入超导闭合线圈，相较于电源直接励磁，电流纹波相对较大，对磁场梯度或磁场均匀度要求高的场合产生不利影响。同时，磁通泵技术由于在线圈两端产生的电压较低，这大大制约了对低温线圈需要快速充放电的应用场合。
因此，本领域的技术人员致力于开发一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，超低功耗，且解决现有技术的大部分缺陷，如引线漏热大，系统复杂，控制难，纹波较大和不能快速充放电等等。
 技术问题
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明所要解决的技术问题包括：
（1）解决了对于已有的低温线圈开环励磁技术（现有技术1）中存在的电流引线发热量大进而导致所需制冷机容量较大，线圈系统过于笨重等问题。开环运行可以解决闭环运行时超低阻或无阻接头制作工艺困难，运行电流相对于开环技术在同等条件下相对较低（超导材料利用率不高）等问题。
（2）解决了对于已有的超导线圈闭环励磁技术（现有技术2）中存在的励磁系统相对复杂，励磁时电流引线发热量仍然较大等问题。
（3）解决了对于已有的超导线圈闭环励磁技术（现有技术3）中存在的磁通泵电流纹波相对电源较大，不利于对磁场梯度或磁场均匀度要求高的场合；磁通泵技术由于在线圈两端产生的电压较低，充放电慢；超导材料利用率不高；能量回馈相对复杂等问题。
 技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，包括冷源模块、真空模块、外部能量模块、内部能量模块和连接模块；所述冷源模块被配置为向所述真空模块提供冷源，所述外部能量模块被配置为位于所述真空模块外部，所述内部能量模块被配置为位于所述真空模块的内部，所述内部能量模块与所述外部能量模块之间被配置为通过所述连接模块连接。
进一步地，所述具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置还包括冷媒模块，所述冷媒模块被配置为位于所述真空模块的内部，所述内部能量模块被配置为位于所述冷媒模块的内部。
进一步地，所述连接模块包括电力电子变换器，所述电力电子变换器包括大电流单元和小电流单元，所述大电流单元通过大电流电流引线与所述内部能量模块连接。
进一步地，所述大电流单元被配置为在所述真空模块内部。
进一步地，所述大电流单元被配置为在所述冷媒模块内部。
进一步地，所述内部能量模块为低温线圈或超导线圈。
进一步地，连接所述大电流单元和所述内部能量模块的电流引线为可插拔式。
进一步地，所述电力电子变换器为直流-直流转换器且所述直流-直流转换器为单个或多个并联的拓扑结构。
进一步地，所述直流-直流转换器的多个并联结构为交错并联结构。
进一步地，所述直流-直流转换器包含半桥式电路或全桥式电路，其半桥臂或全桥臂被配置为单个或并联多个开关器件。
进一步地，所述大电流单元和所述小电流单元之间被配置为通过一对或多对双绞线连接。
进一步地，所述大电流电流引线为单根或多根超导材料。
进一步地，所述超导材料为多层堆叠或多股绞线或超导复合导线。
进一步地，所述多层堆叠结构层间被配置为通过焊锡进行连接加固。
进一步地，所述大电流电流引线为单根或多根良导体材料或超导体和良导体的组合。
进一步地，所述电力电子变换器包括Buck电路、双向Buck－Boost电路、半桥式电路、桥式直流变换电路中的一种或组合。
进一步地，所述Buck电路或所述双向Buck－Boost电路或所述半桥式电路或所述桥式直流变换电路中的开关器件部分被配置为在所述真空模块内部。
进一步地，所述Buck电路或所述双向Buck－Boost电路或所述半桥式电路或所述桥式直流变换电路中的开关器件部分被配置为在所述冷媒模块内部。
进一步地，所述小电流单元包括数字控制器和/或功率开关器件的驱动电路，所述小电流单元被配置为位于所述真空模块外部。
进一步地，所述小电流单元包括数字控制器和/或功率开关器件的驱动电路，所述小电流单元被配置为位于所述真空模块内部，所述小电流单元被配置为处于相对于所述大电流单元所处温度较高的温度，由所述冷源模块或冷媒容器壁或杜瓦壁或冷氦气排管或低温线圈进行传导冷却。
进一步地，所述外部能量模块包括储能元件和/或整流器，所述储能元件包括电源、电池、电容或电感中的一种。
进一步地，所述内部能量模块被配置为开环运行或闭环运行。
进一步地，所述大电流单元的冷却方式为冷源模块、冷媒容器壁、冷媒、冷氦气排管、低温线圈中的一种。
进一步地，所述电力电子变换器包括开关器件，所述开关器件为MOSFET，IGBT，宽禁带半导体中的一种。
进一步地，所述电力电子变换器为隔离型直流-直流转换器。
进一步地，所述隔离型直流-直流转换器包括正激式转换器或反激式转换器。
进一步地，所述隔离型直流-直流转换器包括隔离且耦合的原副边，其中副边的开关器件全部或部分位于所述真空模块内部。
进一步地，所述隔离型直流-直流转换器包括隔离且耦合的原副边，其中副边的开关器件全部或部分位于所述冷媒模块内部。
进一步地，所述原、副边隔有容器壁时，这部分所述容器壁为不导磁材料。
进一步地，所述冷媒模块为液氮、固氮、液氖、固氖、液氢、液氦、冷氦气、液氧、液化天然气之间的一种或多种组合。
 有益效果
和现有技术相比，本结构能带来的优点和有益效果主要包括：
（1）相较于现有技术1低温线圈开环励磁技术，如果低温线圈开环运行，本发明励磁时电流引线上的发热量大为减少，因此制冷机所需功率变小，低温线圈系统整体重量大为减轻。本发明由于解决了电流引线上较大漏热的问题，使得原本超导线圈只能闭环运行的场合可以使用开环运行，相较于现有技术2和现有技术3超导线圈闭环励磁技术，解决了由于使用闭合线圈带来的困难繁杂的超低阻或无阻接头制作工艺等问题。超导线圈开环运行较闭环运行可以获得更高的运行电流，这就意味着相同情况下超导线圈产生相同磁场强度所需要的导体材料更少，减少了线圈系统的材料成本或在相同导体材料用量的情况下，提高运行温度，使得超导线圈系统获得更多的冷却功率。
（2）相较于现有技术1低温线圈开环励磁技术和现有技术2超导线圈闭环励磁技术，由于本发明在线圈励磁的时候电流引线上的发热功率低，因此可以在相同励磁条件下获得更低的温度，进而获得更高的电流裕度或更高的励磁电流。
（3）相较于现有技术2超导线圈闭环励磁技术，如果超导线圈闭环运行，本发明由于减少了励磁时电流引线上的发热量，可使传统的热控超导持续电流开关励磁时发热功率降低。进一步，超导持续电流开关可以选用由热控开关（一种通过加热丝加热回温来使得超导部分开和关的技术）变为流控开关（一种通大于或小于超导临界电流的电流而使得超导部分开路或通路的技术），大大简化了闭合线圈的内部结构和省去了外部配套设备（如温控仪等）；同时，流控开关开关处的发热量较热控开关一般会相应减少一些。
（4）相较于现有技术3超导线圈闭环励磁技术，本发明中利用电力电子变换器的输出稳定性高于磁通泵，更适用于对磁场要求苛刻的地方。
（5）相较于现有技术3超导线圈闭环励磁技术，本发明中的电力电子变换器可以做到对超导线圈更快的励磁速度和/或更方便的能量回馈。
（6）相较于现有技术2和3，本发明可用于低温线圈开环运行，此时，不仅限于超导线圈，同时适用于其它良导体低温线圈。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
 附图说明
图1是现有技术1描述的低温线圈开环励磁结构连接示意图；
图2是现有技术2描述的超导线圈闭环励磁结构连接示意图；
图3是现有技术3描述的超导线圈闭环励磁结构连接示意图；
图4a是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的一个较佳实施例示意图；
图4b是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的一个较佳实施例示意图；
图4c是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的一个较佳实施例示意图；
图4d是本发明所述的超导线圈闭环工作的一个较佳实施例示意图；
图5a是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的另一个较佳实施例示意图；
图5b是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的另一个较佳实施例示意图；
图5c是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的另一个较佳实施例示意图；
图5d是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的另一个较佳实施例示意图；
图6是本发明所述的电力电子变换器双向Buck-Boost和桥式电路拓扑结构示意图；
图7是本发明所述的电力电子变换器桥式直流变换器电路拓扑结构示意图；
图8a 是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的另一个较佳实施例示意图；
图8b是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的另一个较佳实施例示意图；
图8c是本发明所述的低温线圈励磁或能量回馈变换装置的另一个较佳实施例示意图；
图9是本发明所述的双向反激式转换器(flyback converter)和桥式直流变换器的电路拓扑结构示意图；
图10是本发明所述的双向正激式转换器(forward converter)和桥式直流变换器的电路拓扑结构示意图；
图11a是本发明所述的一种基于全桥电路的能量馈送变换装置；
图11b是本发明所述的另一种基于半桥电路的能量馈送变换装置；
图12是本发明所述的低温线圈单向励磁装置的一个较佳实施例示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
以下参考说明书附图介绍本发明的多个优选实施例，使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的实施例来得以体现，本发明的保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。
在附图中，结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示，各处结构或功能相似的组件以相似数字标号表示。附图所示的每一组件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的，本发明并没有限定每个组件的尺寸和厚度。为了使图示更清晰，附图中有些地方适当夸大了部件的厚度。
本申请文件中所述的相关概念定义如下：
低温线圈：由良导体或者超导体绕制而成的线圈处于低温环境中。
零电阻特性：超导材料在处于超导态时，其电阻为零。
超导材料：在某些特定条件下，一种具有零点阻特性的材料。
临界温度：超导材料的温度降至某个温度以下时，超导材料呈现零电阻特性。该温度称之为超导材料的临界温度。
临界磁场：超导材料处于的外部磁场强度在某个值以下时，超导材料呈现零电阻特性。该磁场称之为超导材料的临界磁场。
临界电流：超导材料中的直流励磁电流在某个值以下时，超导材料呈现零电阻特性。该电流称之为超导材料的临界电流。
失超：超导材料由超导态变为非超导态，原因可能是温度高于临界温度，磁场高于临界磁场，或电流大于临界电流等。
超导线圈：一种由超导材料绕制而成的线圈，和铜线圈类似，但线圈内阻非常小或趋近于零。线圈形状多种多样，以圆形和跑道形居多，材料由铜替换成超导材料。
固氮：固氮是由空气中的氮气提炼而来，价格低廉，作为冷媒用于让低温线圈运行温度低于临界温度。氮气在约77 K发生气液相变，在约63 K发生液固相变，在约35.6 K发生固固相变。
电流引线：用于给低温线圈励磁或能量回馈的引线。电流引线通常一端在低温环境中另外一端在室温中，两端因存在较大的温度梯度而会产生较大的传导漏热，加上低温线圈虽然电阻小，但一般为大励磁电流，励磁时会产生大量焦耳热，一般情况下低温系统会因为使用电流引线而使整体漏热相对严重，使得制冷系统负荷大为增加。
磁通泵技术：一种将能量交替地泵入超导闭合线圈的励磁技术。
第一组实施例
本发明设计了一种低温线圈用低漏热励磁、能量回馈单向或双向变换装置，通过将电力电子变换器中部分含有大电流的电路冷却至低温（温度可与低温线圈一样，或者稍高，或者稍低），并将部分小电流的电路放置在相对高温中，以此极大的减少了传统电流引线在对低温线圈励磁及能量回馈时的整体总发热量（总发热量主要包括了电流引线上的传导漏热和焦耳热）。
如图4（a）到（c）所示，低温线圈，优选为超导线圈。低温线圈的冷却方式可以是通过冷源模块，如图4的制冷机（冷头）或利用冷氦气排管，也可以是冷媒直接制冷等。如低温线圈为超导线圈，则既可以开环运行，也可以闭环运行。闭环运行工作原理如图4（d）所示，超导线圈励磁时虚线部分断开，通过电池或电源开始励磁，励磁完成后虚线部分闭合，最后断开电池或电源，电流在闭合线圈里流动。
闭环运行和现有技术2超导线圈闭环励磁技术相似，只是由传统可插拔的电流引线变为带有电力电子变换器的电流引线（变为带有电力电子变换器的电流引线后也可采用可插拔模式，进一步减少闭环运行时的漏热）。如果为其它有电阻的导体线圈（如铜线圈等），则优选为开环运行。其中，电力电子变换器优选为直流-直流转换器。
直流-直流转换器可选为单个或多个并联的电路拓扑结构，如为多个并联结构优选为采用交错并联（interleave）技术。其中输入输出是小电流且不适合在低温环境中工作的电路器件（下面简称为相对高温电路部分），如控制电力电子变换器的数字控制器（例如DSP、FPGA、MCU、以ARM核为基础的CPU等），电路中功率开关器件的驱动等优选为放置在相对高温中（如室温当中）或独立放置在真空当中由冷头或冷媒容器壁或杜瓦壁或冷氦气排管或低温线圈进行传导冷却。
低温中的主要电路为含有大电流的全桥式电路（对应于图4（a）-（c）中电力电子变换器中部分电路），此电路中的开关器件可为MOSFET，IGBT，宽禁带半导体（SiC/GaN）等功率半导体器件，每个全桥臂优选为并联多个开关器件。其中由MOSFET组成的单个双向直流-直流转换器电路拓扑结构如图6或图7所示（图6或图7实线框中的部分为放置在低温环境中的部分）。
图6电路由双向Buck-Boost电路和桥式直流变换器组成，而图7电路由桥式直流变换器组成。低温电路部分和相对高温电路部分中信号传输易受干扰的线路优选为通过多对双绞线（twisted pair）进行连接。
本发明中较大电流电流引线可选用单根或多根超导材料，使其在励磁或能量回馈时发热量几乎为零。为防止超导电流引线上可能存在的温度梯度所造成超导材料临界电流的减少（温度越高，超导材料临界电流越低），使用超导材料时优选为多层堆叠或多股绞线或超导复合导线（如CORC等）等的结构以增加超导作为较大电流电流引线时的载流能力，防止失超的发生，优选的层数和股数应多于低温线圈单匝的层数或者股数，多层堆叠结构层间优选通过焊锡进行连接加固。此较大电流电流引线也可为良导体，或良导体和超导的混合电流引线（如一段是良导体，一段是超导或者整体为良导体和超导带材堆叠在一起）。良导体如：铜、铝或银引线处于低温（约20 K-77 K）时，其电阻率变小（20 K时，铜（RRR=50）电阻率约为室温的0.02倍，铝电阻率约为室温的0.012倍，银电阻率约为室温的0.004倍），再通过优化良导体引线的长度和截面积，使得良导体的总发热量进一步减少，因此低温中较大电流侧良导体引线的发热量也非常小。外部相对高温（如室温）的较小电流侧由于低温线圈励磁功率比较小（低温线圈一般是较大电流但较小电压），可以通过控制输入低温线圈所需的功率，使得较小电流侧电流可以变得非常小。
如图6实线框所示的低温电力电子变换器部分电路可以放置在真空中，处于干燥环境（可通过冷头或冷媒容器壁或冷氦气排管或低温线圈降至所需低温）；也可以如图4(b)放置在冷媒模块中（可通过冷媒或冷媒容器内壁降至所需低温）。冷媒可根据低温线圈的不同工作温度选择液氮、固氮、液氖、固氖、液氢、液氦、冷氦气、液氧、液化天然气等。图4的方案也可变化为图8（a）-(c)的方案，其不同之处是处于低温的电力电子变换器部分电路变为如图6虚线框所示（包含了双向Buck-Boost型电路中的开关器件和高低电压母线间的电感）。
第二组实施例
如图5所示，电力电子变换器可以选择为带有变压器的隔离型直流-直流转换器，如反激式转换器（flyback converter）或正激式转换器（forward converter），其它优选方案和图4所示方案基本相同。双向反激式转换器电路和桥式直流变换器的拓扑结构示意图如图9所示，双向正激式转换器电路和桥式直流变换器的拓扑结构示意图如图10所示。隔离型直流-直流转换器可以通过真空将变压器原边电路和副边电路隔开，将有变压器的电力电子变换器中部分电路1（如图5（a）-（d）所示，对应的电路拓扑结构示意图如图9或图10实线框所示）降温至与低温线圈温度相同或相近，通过变压器耦合的方式进行电能传输。有变压器的电力电子变换器和低温容器的相对摆放位置如图5（a）到（d）所示。在真空中且不和较大电流电流引线接触的电路（对应于图5（a）、（b）、（d）中有变压器的电力电子变换器中部分电路2，对应的电路拓扑结构示意图如图9或10虚线框所示）热量可以通过选用冷头或冷媒容器壁或杜瓦壁或冷氦气排管或低温线圈连接将热量带走。需注意如变压器原副边隔有容器壁时（如图5（a）、（c）），这部分容器壁优选为不导磁材料。
另外，本组实施例所述的有变压器的电力电子变换器中部分电路1和2，即隔离型直流-直流转换器的原副边，如图9或图10所示（注：图9或图10中的反激式转换器或正激式转换器为双向的，单向的反激式转换器或正激式转换器也同样适用于本组实施例），此电路中的反激式转换器或正激式转换器与桥式直流变换器的位置摆放关系如图4（a）-（c）所示，即反激式转换器或正激式转换器位于真空模块外部，同时桥式直流变换器位于真空模块内部（如图4a）；或者，反激式转换器或正激式转换器位于真空模块外部，同时桥式直流变换器位于冷媒模块内部（如图4b）；或者，在没有冷媒模块的实施例中，反激式转换器或正激式转换器位于真空模块外部，同时桥式直流变换器位于真空模块内部（如图4c）。
在本组的其他实施例中，图6、图7、图9、图10中的桥式直流变换器部分均可由图11（a）简化为图11（b）的双向Buck-Boost（或半桥）电路形式；且如图12（实线框中的部分为放置在低温环境中的部分），图6的双向Buck-Boost电路可由Buck电路代替，优选的桥式直流变换器可由双向Buck-Boost（或半桥）电路代替。图6/7/9/10中电池也可以为如电容、电感等其它储能器件和/或整流器。
在本发明的前述两组实施例中，本发明所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置还包括释能模块，释能模块简单地可由一个二极管或电阻构成，释能时连接于内部能量模块（低温线圈或超导线圈）的两端，用于释放能量。
和现有技术相比，本发明所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置能带来的优点和有益效果主要包括：
（1）相较于现有技术1低温线圈开环励磁技术，如果低温线圈开环运行，本发明励磁时电流引线上的发热量大为减少，因此制冷机所需功率变小，低温线圈系统整体重量大为减轻。本发明由于解决了电流引线上较大漏热的问题，使得原本超导线圈只能闭环运行的场合可以使用开环运行，相较于现有技术2和现有技术3超导线圈闭环励磁技术，解决了由于使用闭合线圈带来的困难繁杂的超低阻或无阻接头制作工艺等问题。超导线圈开环运行较闭环运行可以获得更高的运行电流，这就意味着相同情况下超导线圈产生相同磁场强度所需要的导体材料更少，减少了线圈系统的材料成本或在相同导体材料用量的情况下，提高运行温度，使得超导线圈系统获得更多的冷却功率。
（2）相较于现有技术1低温线圈开环励磁技术和现有技术2超导线圈闭环励磁技术，由于本发明在线圈励磁的时候电流引线上的发热功率低，因此可以在相同励磁条件下获得更低的温度，进而获得更高的电流裕度或更高的励磁电流。
（3）相较于现有技术2超导线圈闭环励磁技术，如果超导线圈闭环运行，本发明由于减少了励磁时电流引线上的发热量，可使传统的热控超导持续电流开关励磁时发热功率降低。进一步，超导持续电流开关可以选用由热控开关（一种通过加热丝加热回温来使得超导部分开和关的技术）变为流控开关（一种通过通大于或小于超导临界电流的电流而使得超导部分开路或通路的技术），大大简化了闭合线圈的内部结构和省去了外部配套设备（如温控仪等）；同时，流控开关开关处的发热量较热控开关一般会相应减少一些。
（4）相较于现有技术3超导线圈闭环励磁技术，本发明中利用电力电子变换器的输出稳定性高于磁通泵，更适用于对磁场要求苛刻的地方。
（5）相较于现有技术3超导线圈闭环励磁技术，本发明中的电力电子变换器可以做到对超导线圈更快的励磁速度和/或更方便的能量回馈。
（6）相较于现有技术2和3超导线圈闭环励磁技术，本发明可用于低温线圈开环运行，此时，不仅限于超导线圈，同时适用于其它良导体低温线圈。
综上，本发明中低温线圈能量馈送单或双向变换装置鲁棒性强；充放电快速；漏热少；能量回馈方便并且由于制冷系统功率可以变小很多，如冷头和压缩机，低温线圈系统重量大为减轻。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思做出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，包括冷源模块、真空模块、外部能量模块、内部能量模块和连接模块；所述冷源模块被配置为向所述真空模块提供冷源，所述外部能量模块被配置为位于所述真空模块外部，所述内部能量模块被配置为位于所述真空模块的内部，所述内部能量模块与所述外部能量模块之间被配置为通过所述连接模块连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置还包括冷媒模块，所述冷媒模块被配置为位于所述真空模块的内部，所述内部能量模块被配置为位于所述冷媒模块的内部。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述连接模块包括电力电子变换器，所述电力电子变换器包括大电流单元和小电流单元，所述大电流单元通过大电流电流引线与所述内部能量模块连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述大电流单元被配置为在所述真空模块内部。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述大电流单元被配置为在所述冷媒模块内部。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述内部能量模块为低温线圈或超导线圈。
  7. 如权利要求4或5或6所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，连接所述大电流单元和所述内部能量模块的电流引线为可插拔式。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述电力电子变换器为直流-直流转换器且所述直流-直流转换器为单个或多个并联的拓扑结构。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述直流-直流转换器的多个并联结构为交错并联结构。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述直流-直流转换器包含半桥式电路或全桥式电路，其半桥臂或全桥臂被配置为单个或并联多个开关器件。
  11. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述大电流单元和所述小电流单元之间被配置为通过一对或多对双绞线连接。
  12. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述大电流电流引线为单根或多根超导材料。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述超导材料为多层堆叠或多股绞线或超导复合导线。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述多层堆叠结构层间被配置为通过焊锡进行连接加固。
  15. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述大电流电流引线为单根或多根良导体材料或超导体和良导体的组合。
  16. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述电力电子变换器包括Buck电路、双向Buck－Boost电路、半桥式电路、桥式直流变换电路中的一种或组合。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述Buck电路或所述双向Buck－Boost电路或所述半桥式电路或所述桥式直流变换电路中的开关器件部分被配置为在所述真空模块内部。
  18. 如权利要求16所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述Buck电路或所述双向Buck－Boost电路或所述半桥式电路或所述桥式直流变换电路中的开关器件部分被配置为在所述冷媒模块内部。
  19. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述小电流单元包括数字控制器和/或功率开关器件的驱动电路，所述小电流单元被配置为位于所述真空模块外部。
  20. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述小电流单元包括数字控制器和/或功率开关器件的驱动电路，所述小电流单元被配置为位于所述真空模块内部，所述小电流单元被配置为处于相对于所述大电流单元所处温度较高的温度，由所述冷源模块或冷媒容器壁或杜瓦壁或冷氦气排管或低温线圈进行传导冷却。
  21. 如权利要求1所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述外部能量模块包括储能元件和/或整流器，所述储能元件包括电源、电池、电容或电感中的一种。
  22. 如权利要求1所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述内部能量模块被配置为开环运行或闭环运行。
  23. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述大电流单元的冷却方式为冷源模块、冷媒容器壁、冷媒、冷氦气排管、低温线圈中的一种。
  24. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述电力电子变换器包括开关器件，所述开关器件为MOSFET、IGBT、宽禁带半导体中的一种。
  25. 如权利要求3所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述电力电子变换器为隔离型直流-直流转换器。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述隔离型直流-直流转换器包括正激式转换器或反激式转换器。
  27. 如权利要求25所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述隔离型直流-直流转换器包括隔离且耦合的原副边，其中副边的开关器件全部或部分位于所述真空模块内部。
  28. 如权利要求25所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述隔离型直流-直流转换器包括隔离且耦合的原副边，其中副边的开关器件全部或部分位于所述冷媒模块内部。
  29. 如权利要求27或28所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述原、副边隔有容器壁时，这部分所述容器壁为不导磁材料。
  30. 如权利要求2所述的具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置，其特征在于，所述冷媒模块为液氮、固氮、液氖、固氖、液氢、液氦、冷氦气、液氧、液化天然气之间的一种或多种组合。
PCT/CN2019/102301 2019-01-10 2019-08-23 一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置 WO2020143231A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210250870.9A CN115224815A (zh) 2019-01-10 2020-01-10 一种能量转换装置以及能量转换方法
PCT/CN2020/071412 WO2020143764A1 (zh) 2019-01-10 2020-01-10 一种具有低温线圈的能量转换装置
CN202010026335.6A CN111431406A (zh) 2019-01-10 2020-01-10 一种具有低温线圈的能量转换装置
US17/371,084 US12040129B2 (en) 2019-01-10 2021-07-08 Energy conversion device with a cryogenic coil

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910023177 2019-01-10
CN201910023177.6 2019-01-10
CN201910163732.5 2019-03-05
CN201910163732 2019-03-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020143231A1 true WO2020143231A1 (zh) 2020-07-16

Family

ID=71520617

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/102301 WO2020143231A1 (zh) 2019-01-10 2019-08-23 一种具有低温线圈的能量馈送变换装置
PCT/CN2020/071412 WO2020143764A1 (zh) 2019-01-10 2020-01-10 一种具有低温线圈的能量转换装置

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/071412 WO2020143764A1 (zh) 2019-01-10 2020-01-10 一种具有低温线圈的能量转换装置

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US12040129B2 (zh)
CN (4) CN111431290A (zh)
WO (2) WO2020143231A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4280462A1 (en) * 2022-05-17 2023-11-22 Airbus SAS Improved power component for electric or hybrid aircraft
CN115662722B (zh) * 2022-10-11 2023-09-08 四川大学 隔杜瓦壁励磁结构、方法及导磁中间件
CN118737615B (zh) * 2024-07-05 2025-02-18 天津大学 基于交变磁场耦合的超导磁通泵、系统及其控制方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104094367A (zh) * 2012-02-01 2014-10-08 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于超导磁体的电流引线的自动电流切换
CN105655084A (zh) * 2016-03-31 2016-06-08 宁波健信机械有限公司 一种超导磁体
CN106663514A (zh) * 2014-09-03 2017-05-10 三菱电机株式会社 超导磁体
CN107645212A (zh) * 2017-10-27 2018-01-30 至玥腾风科技投资集团有限公司 一种超导储能装置及其控制方法

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5016600A (en) * 1989-02-01 1991-05-21 International Superconductor Corp. Methods of generating and controlling a magnetic field without using an external power supply specification
US4962354A (en) * 1989-07-25 1990-10-09 Superconductivity, Inc. Superconductive voltage stabilizer
JP3983186B2 (ja) * 2003-03-06 2007-09-26 東海旅客鉄道株式会社 超電導磁石装置
CN100527582C (zh) * 2005-06-01 2009-08-12 中国科学院电工研究所 用于超导储能的低温电流调节器
CN100429862C (zh) * 2006-07-19 2008-10-29 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 用于超导线圈电流调节开关的快速充电装置
CN201616765U (zh) * 2009-12-21 2010-10-27 中国电力科学研究院 一种基于dsp的高温超导储能系统的能量变换装置
JP3173511U (ja) * 2011-11-25 2012-02-09 株式会社豊田自動織機 半導体装置
US9240681B2 (en) * 2012-12-27 2016-01-19 General Electric Company Superconducting coil system and methods of assembling the same
CN105453197B (zh) * 2013-07-26 2018-06-08 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于响应于磁场控制超导磁体系统的冷却回路的方法和设备
US9874618B2 (en) * 2014-12-24 2018-01-23 General Electric Company Control system and method for a superconducting magnet
WO2018183579A1 (en) * 2017-03-28 2018-10-04 NAITO, Allison Superconducting magnet engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104094367A (zh) * 2012-02-01 2014-10-08 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于超导磁体的电流引线的自动电流切换
CN106663514A (zh) * 2014-09-03 2017-05-10 三菱电机株式会社 超导磁体
CN105655084A (zh) * 2016-03-31 2016-06-08 宁波健信机械有限公司 一种超导磁体
CN107645212A (zh) * 2017-10-27 2018-01-30 至玥腾风科技投资集团有限公司 一种超导储能装置及其控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2020143764A1 (zh) 2020-07-16
US20220059267A1 (en) 2022-02-24
CN111431290A (zh) 2020-07-17
CN115224816A (zh) 2022-10-21
CN115224815A (zh) 2022-10-21
CN111431406A (zh) 2020-07-17
US12040129B2 (en) 2024-07-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US12040129B2 (en) Energy conversion device with a cryogenic coil
Chen et al. A family of zero-voltage-switching magnetic coupling nonisolated bidirectional DC–DC converters
Zhou et al. A contactless self-regulating HTS flux pump
Dai et al. Development and demonstration of a 1 MJ high-Tc SMES
CN106059394A (zh) 一种采用闭环恒流高温超导线圈实现磁悬浮状态的方法
CN101373661B (zh) 高温超导磁通泵
CN220822916U (zh) 一种适合于大功率超导磁体的能量回收电路
CN112233871A (zh) 超导磁体的无热传导电流引线励磁装置以及励磁电路
CN102222983A (zh) 一种超导储能磁体输入输出一体变流器
US20240077554A1 (en) Conduction Cooled Cryogenic Current Source with a High-Temperature Superconducting Filter
CN217405325U (zh) 一种用于高温超导磁体的热控式超导开关
CN201213093Y (zh) 高温超导磁通泵
CN116779375A (zh) 一种用于高温超导磁体的热控式超导开关
CN114825957A (zh) 一种统一共电感共电容多相并联谐振变换器无源均流方法
CN116803235A (zh) 高温超导开关和整流器
CN113013887B (zh) 一种用于超导能源管道的具有储能功能的超导有源滤波器
Zong-xiang et al. Variable frequency interleaved parallel LLC resonant converter based on variable inductor.
CN107086105B (zh) 一种应用于磁共振设备的高温超导匀场系统
JP4528958B2 (ja) 超電導式インバータ
CN2760728Y (zh) 超导变压器
CN103731056B (zh) 高温超导逆变器
RU2002125336A (ru) Сверхпроводниковый ключ-перемычка с магнитным управлением работой сверхпроводникового индуктивного накопителя энергии
CN1787131A (zh) 超导变压器
CN204946696U (zh) 一种波长可变的高温超导环形磁通泵
CN115527740B (zh) 一种自循环超导磁体及半导体单晶炉

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19908788

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19908788

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19908788

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1